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Constraints on the age of the Great Sand Dunes, Colorado, from subsurface stratigraphy and OSL dates

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Richard F. Madole ,
Shannon A. Mahan ,
Joe H. Romig  and
Jeremy C. Havens
Richard F. Madole*
Affiliation:
U.S. Geological Survey, MS 980, Denver Federal Center, Lakewood, CO 80225, USA
Shannon A. Mahan
Affiliation:
U.S. Geological Survey, MS 974, Denver Federal Center, Lakewood, CO 80225, USA
Joe H. Romig
Affiliation:
Ponderosa Associates, 130 Miners Dr., Lafayette, CO 80026, USA
Jeremy C. Havens
Affiliation:
ADC Management Services, Inc., 355 S. Teller St., Suite 200, Lakewood, CO 80226, USA
*
*Corresponding author. Fax: + 1 303 236 5349. E-mail address:[email protected] (R.F. Madole).
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Abstract

The age of the Great Sand Dunes has been debated for nearly 150 yr. Seven ages ranging from Miocene to late Holocene have been proposed for them. This paper presents new information–chiefly subsurface stratigraphic data, OSL dates, and geomorphic evidence–that indicates that the Great Sand Dunes began to form in the latter part of the middle Pleistocene. The dunes overlie a thick wedge of piedmont-slope deposits, which in turn overlies sediment of Lake Alamosa, a paleolake that began to drain about 440 ka. The wedge of piedmont-slope deposits extends westward for at least 23 km and is as much as 60 m thick at a distance of 10 km from the Sangre de Cristo Range. Ostracodes from one well indicate that the eastern shoreline of Lake Alamosa extended to within 4.3 km of where the Great Sand Dunes eventually formed. The time represented by the wedge of piedmont-slope deposits is not known exactly, but the wedge post-dates 440 ka and was in place prior to 130 ka because by then the dunes overlying it were sufficiently close and tall enough to obstruct streams draining from the Sangre de Cristo Range.

Keywords

ColoradoOSL datingGreat Sand DunesPiedmont-slope geomorphologyQuaternary stratigraphyPaleolake AlamosaSangre de Cristo RangeSan Luis Valley
Type
Original Articles
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 80 , Issue 3 , November 2013 , pp. 435 - 446
Copyright
University of Washington

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