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Slope failures within and upstream of Lake Quinault, Washington, as uneven responses to Holocene earthquakes along the Cascadia subduction zone

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 November 2017

Elana L. Leithold ,
Karl W. Wegmann ,
Delwayne R. Bohnenstiehl ,
Stephen G. Smith ,
Anders Noren  and
Ryan O’Grady
Elana L. Leithold*
Affiliation:
Department of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, P.O. Box 8208, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
Karl W. Wegmann
Affiliation:
Department of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, P.O. Box 8208, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
Delwayne R. Bohnenstiehl
Affiliation:
Department of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, P.O. Box 8208, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
Stephen G. Smith
Affiliation:
Department of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, P.O. Box 8208, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
Anders Noren
Affiliation:
Continental Scientific Drilling Coordination Office and LacCore Facility, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Minnesota, 500 Pillsbury Drive SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
Ryan O’Grady
Affiliation:
Continental Scientific Drilling Coordination Office and LacCore Facility, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Minnesota, 500 Pillsbury Drive SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
*
*Corresponding author at: Department of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, P.O. Box 8208, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA. E-mail address: [email protected] (E.L. Leithold).
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Abstract

Investigation of Lake Quinault in western Washington, including a reflection seismic survey, analysis of piston cores, and preliminary mapping in the steep, landslide-prone Quinault River catchment upstream of the lake, reveals evidence for three episodes of earthquake disturbance in the past 3000 yr. These earthquakes triggered failures on the lake’s underwater slopes and delta front, as well as subaerial landsliding, partial channel blockage, and forced fluvial sediment aggradation. The ages of the three Lake Quinault disturbance events overlap with those of coseismically subsided, coastal marsh soils nearby in southwest Washington that are interpreted to record ruptures of the Cascadia megathrust. Absent from Lake Quinault, however, are signals of obvious disturbance from five additional subduction earthquakes inferred to have occurred during the period of record. The lack of evidence for these events may reflect the limitations of the data set derived from the detrital, river-dominated lake stratigraphy but may also have bearing on debates about segmentation and the distribution of slip along the Cascadia subduction zone during prior earthquakes.

Keywords

LakesSedimentCascadiaEarthquakePaleoseismic
Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 89 , Issue 1: Tribute to Daniel Livingstone and Paul Colinvaux , January 2018 , pp. 178 - 200
Copyright
Copyright © University of Washington. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2017 

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