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Sand calcites as a key to Pleistocene periglacial landscapes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 December 2020

Médard Thiry Open the ORCID record for Médard Thiry [Opens in a new window] ,
Christophe Innocent ,
Jean-Pierre Girard ,
Anthony Richard Milnes ,
Christine Franke  and
Sophie Guillon
Médard Thiry*
Affiliation:
MINES ParisTech, PSL Research University, Center of Geosciences, 77305Fontainebleau, France
Christophe Innocent
Affiliation:
BRGM, Direction des Laboratoires, 45060Orléans Cedex 2, France
Jean-Pierre Girard
Affiliation:
TOTAL Exploration et Production, CSTJF, 64018Pau Cedex, France
Anthony Richard Milnes
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005
Christine Franke
Affiliation:
MINES ParisTech, PSL Research University, Center of Geosciences, 77305Fontainebleau, France
Sophie Guillon
Affiliation:
MINES ParisTech, PSL Research University, Center of Geosciences, 77305Fontainebleau, France
*
*Corresponding author at e-mail address: [email protected] (M. Thiry).
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Abstract

We tested the potential for sand calcites to serve as a novel paleoclimate archive by investigating their age and formation conditions. Fontainebleau sand calcites are Pleistocene in age (based on 14C and U-Th dating) and were primarily formed during glacial periods. δ13C values increase with the depth at which these sand calcites formed, consistent with open and closed CO2 systems. Interpretation of the δ18O-T relationship in sand calcites points primarily to their formation at a low temperature, around 2°C in shallow ground water and at about 9°C in deeper ground-water settings. Their occurrence, characteristics, and compositions suggest crystallization from paleo-ground waters in permafrost environments. Crystallization of sand calcites was triggered by degassing of cold carbonate-containing surface waters as they infiltrated warmer subsurface ground-water environments. We consider sand calcites to be important indicators of interactions between meteoric water and ground water in Pleistocene periglacial landscapes. Their disposition may point to specific features of periglacial landscapes, and their ages could permit an assessment of landscape incision rates. Large crystals and zoned spheroliths may, in fact, encapsulate continuous high-resolution records of continental glacial and periglacial paleoenvironments.

Keywords

Sand calciteIsotopeGlacial periodPaleohydrologyPaleolandscapePleistocene
Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 101 , May 2021 , pp. 225 - 244
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Copyright © University of Washington. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2020

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