Hostname: page-component-f554764f5-wjqwx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-04-18T12:18:11.463Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Reconstructed Summer Degree Days in Central Alaska and Northwestern Canada since 15241

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Gordon C. Jacoby Jr. ,
Edward R. Cook  and
Linda D. Ulan
Gordon C. Jacoby Jr.
Affiliation:
Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, New York 10964 USA
Edward R. Cook
Affiliation:
Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, New York 10964 USA
Linda D. Ulan
Affiliation:
Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, New York 10964 USA
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Three time series based on precisely dated annual tree-ring widths have been used to reconstruct June plus July degree days for the central Alaska and northwestern Canada region. The time series are the longest recently developed chronologies for the area and represent 57 core samples from 27 trees. The degree-year-to-year variation and day reconstruction, extending back to A.D. 1524, exhibits much extended warming and cooling trends including a general warming trend from about 1840 to 1960. The reconstruction is in agreement with some subaretic glacial information and with data of percentage melting from arctic ice cores. This and similar reconstructions can provide quantitative information to compare with general circulation and energy budget models for longer time periods than are available in recorded meteorological data.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 23 , Issue 1 , January 1985 , pp. 18 - 26
Copyright
University of Washington

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Bircher, W. 1982 Towards glacial and climatic history of the Saas valleys Furrer, G. Keller, W.A. Gamper, M. Suter, J. Physische Geographic Vol. 9 Geographisches Institut Zurich Google Scholar
Bitvinskas, T. 1982 Spatial Changes of Climate and Yearly Tree-Rings Laboratory of Dendroclimatochronology, Institute of Botany Academy of Sciences of the Lithuanian SSR Kaunas, Lithuanian SSR Google Scholar
Blasing, T.J. Duvick, D.N. West, D.C. 1981 Dendroclimatic calibration and verification using regionally averaged and single station precipitation data Tree-Ring Bulletin 41 37–43 Google Scholar
Box, G.E.P. Jenkins, G.M. 1970 Time Series Analysis: Forecasting and Control Holden-Day San Francisco Google Scholar
Bradley, R.S. Miller, G.H. 1972 Recent climatic change and increased glacierization in the eastern Canadian arctic Nature (London) 237 385–387 Google Scholar
Cook, E.R. Jacoby, G.C. 1983 Potomac River streamflow since 1730 as reconstructed by tree rings Journal of Climatology and Applied Meteorology 22 10 1659–1672 Google Scholar
Cook, E.R. Jacoby, G.C. 1984 Signal-to-noise ratio enhancement in tree-ring chronologies using robust estimation in preparationGoogle Scholar
Cropper, J.P. 1982 Climatic reconstructions (1801 to 1938) inferred from tree-ring width chronologies of the North American arctic Arctic and Alpine Research 14 3 223–241 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cropper, J.P. Fritts, H.C. 1981 Tree-ring width chronologies from the North American arctic Arctic and Alpine Research 13 3 245–260 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Denton, G.H. Karlén, W. 1977 Holocene glacial and tree-line variations in the White River Valley and Skolai Pass, Alaska and Yukon Territory Quaternary Research 7 63–111 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eklund, B. 1957 The annual ring variations in spruce in the centre of northern Sweden and their relation to the climatic conditions Statens Skogsforskningsinstitut 47 1 2–63 (As mentioned in Fritts (1976))Google Scholar
Fletcher, J.M. Linnard, W. 1977 Russian Papers on Dendrochronology and Dendroclimatology 1962, 1968, 1970, 1972 Research Laboratory for Archaeology and History of Art, Oxford University Oxford Google Scholar
Fritts, H.C. 1976 Tree Rings and Climate Academic Press New York/London Google Scholar
Garfinkel, H.L. Brubaker, L.B. 1980 Modern climate1-growth relationships and climatic reconstruction in subarctic Alaska Nature (London) 268 872–874 Google Scholar
Giddings, J.L. 1941 Dendrochronology in northern Alaska University of Arizona Bulletin 12 4 1–107 Google Scholar
Giddings, J.L. 1954 Tree-ring dating in the American arctic Tree-Ring Bulletin 20 23–25 Google Scholar
Gilliland, R.L. 1982 Solar, volcanic and CO2 forcing of recent climatic changes Climatic Change 4 111–121 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goldstein, G.H. 1981 Ecophysiological and Demographic Studies of White Spruce (Picea glauce [Moench] Voss) at Treeline in the Central Brooks Range of Alaska Ph.D. thesis University of Washington Seattle Google Scholar
Gordon, G.A. LeDuc, S.K. 1981 Verification statistics for regression models Proceedings, Conference on Probability and Statistics in Atmospheric Science November 1981, Monterey, Calif. 129–133 Google Scholar
Graybill, D.A. 1982 Chronology development and analysis Hughes, M.K. Kelly, P.M. Pilcher, J.R. LaMarche, V.C. Jr. Climate from Tree Rings Cambridge Univ. Press London/New York 21–28 Google Scholar
Hansen, J. Johnson, D. Lacis, A. Lebedeff, S. Lee, P. Rind, D. Russell, G. 1981 Climate impact of increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide Science 213 957–967 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Haugen, R.K. 1967 Tree ring indices: A circumpolar comparison Science 158 773–775 Google Scholar
Haugen, R.K. Lynch, M.H. Roberts, T.C. 1971 Summer Temperatures in Interior Alaska U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory Hanover, N.H Research Report 244Google Scholar
Hustich, I. 1956 Correlation of tree-ring chronologies of Alaska, Labrador and Northern Europe Acta Geographica 15 3 3–26 Google Scholar
Jacoby, G.C. Cook, E.R. 1981 Past temperature variations inferred from a 400-year tree-ring chronology from Yukon Territory, Canada Arctic and Alpine Research 13 4 409–418 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jacoby, G.C. Ulan, L.D. 1981 Review of dendroclimatology in the forest-tundra ecotone of Alaska and Canada Harington, C.R. Syllogeus: Climatic Change in Canada—2 Vol. 33 National Museums of Canada Ottawa 97–128 Google Scholar
Jacoby, G.C. Ulan, L.D. 1982 Reconstruction of past ice conditions in a Hudson Bay estuary using tree rings Nature (London) 298 637–639 Google Scholar
Jenkins, G.M. Watts, D.G. 1968 Spectral Analysis and its Applications Holden-Day San Francisco Google Scholar
Jones, P.D. Wigley, T.M.L. Kelly, P.M. 1982 Variations in surface air temperatures: Pt. 1, Northern Hemisphere, 1881–1980 Monthly Weather Review 110 59–70 2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kelly, P.M. Jones, P.D. Sear, C.B. Cherry, B.S.G. Tavakol, R.K. 1982 Variations in surface air temperatures: Pt. 2, Arctic regions, 1881–1980 Monthly Weather Review 110 71–83 Google Scholar
Koerner, R.M. 1977 Devon Island ice cap: Core stratigraphy and paleoclimate Science 196 15–18 Google Scholar
Kramer, P.J. Kozlowski, T.T. 1979 Physiology of Woody Plants Academic Press New York Google Scholar
Kukla, G.J. Angell, J.K. Korshover, J. Dronia, H. Hoshiai, M. Namias, J. Rodewald, M. Yamamoto, R. Iwashima, T. 1977 New data on climatic trends Nature (London) 270 573–580 Google Scholar
Kutzbach, J.E. Guetter, P.J. 1980 On the design of paleoenvironmental data networks for estimating largescale patterns of climate Quaternary Research 14 169–187 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
LaMarche, V.C. Fritts, H.C. 1971 Tree rings, glacial advance, and climate in the Alps Zeitschrift fur Gletscherkunde und Glacialgeologie Bd. VII Heft 1–2Google Scholar
Lamb, H.H. Morth, H.T. 1978 Arctic ice, atmospheric circulation and world climate Geographical Journal 144 1–22 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lawrence, J.R. Gedzelman, S.D. White, J.W.C. Smiley, D. Lazov, P. 1982 Storm trajectories in eastern U.S. D H isotopic composition of precipitation Nature (London) 296 638–640 Google Scholar
Meko, D.M. 1981 Applications of Box-Jenkins Methods of Time Series Analysis to the Reconstruction of Drought from Tree Rings Ph.D. thesis University of Arizona Tucson Google Scholar
Mikola, P. 1961 Temperature and tree growth near the northern timber line Kozlowski, T. Tree Growth Ronald Press New York 265–274 Google Scholar
Mitchell, J.M. Jr. 1963 On the world-wide pattern of secular temperature change Changes of Climate, Proceedings of UNESCO-World Meteorological Organization symposium Rome 161–181 Google Scholar
Mitchell, J.M. Jr. 1975 Note on solar variability and volcanic activity as potential sources of climatic variability The Physical Basis of Climate and Climatic Modeling. GARP Publication No. 16. World Meteorological Organization-International Council of Scientific Unions 127–131 Google Scholar
Mosteller, F. Tukey, J.W. 1977 Data Analysis and Regression Addison-Wesley Reading, Mass Google Scholar
Neter, J. Wasserman, W. 1974 Applied Linear Statistical Models Irwin Homewood, Ill Google Scholar
Paterson, W.S.B. Koerner, R.M. Fisher, D. Johnson, S.J. Clausen, H.B. Dansgaard, W. Bucher, P. Oeschger, H. 1977 An oxygenisotype climatic record from the Devon Island ice cap, arctic Canada Nature (London) 266 508–511 Google Scholar
Porter, S.C. Denton, G.H. 1967 Chronology of neoglaciation in the North American Cordillera American Journal of Science 265 177–210 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rothlisberger, F. 1980 Tree-rings and climate—A retrospective survey and new results WMO Bulletin 29 3 170–177 Google Scholar
Rothlisberger, F. Haas, P. Holzhauser, H. Keller, W. Bircher, W. Renner, F. 1980 Holocene climatic fluctuations—radiocarbon dating of fossil soils (fAh) and woods from moraines and glaciers in the Alps Geographica Helvetica 35 5 21–52 Google Scholar
Sirén, G. 1963 Tree rings and climate forecasts New Scientist 346 18–20 Google Scholar
Smith, G.I. Friedman, I. Klieforth, H. Hardcastle, K. 1979 Acrial distribution of deuterium in eastern California precipitation, 1968–1969 Journal of Applied Meteorology 18 172–188 Google Scholar
Stokes, M.A. Smiley, T.L. 1968 An Introduction to Tree-Ring Dating Univ. of Chicago Press Chicago Google Scholar