Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-r5fsc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-29T08:59:42.622Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Holocene Vegetation History of the Okanogan Valley, Washington

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Richard N. Mack ,
N.W. Rutter  and
S. Valastro
Richard N. Mack
Affiliation:
Department of Botany, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164
N.W. Rutter
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
S. Valastro
Affiliation:
Balcones Research Center, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78757
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Haploxylon pine(s) and Artemisia dominated the initial vegetation in front of the receding Okanogan Lobe until ca. 10,000 yr B.P., as revealed by two pollen records in north-central Washington. After 10,000 yr B.P. the macroclimate became warmer throughout the Okanogan drainage as diploxylon pines and Artemisia increased. The Mount Mazama eruption at ca. 6700 yr B.P. is recorded as two stratigraphically separate and petrographically distinct tephra units at Bonaparte Meadows. While there are apparent short-term changes in the vegetation coincident with the ashfall(s), Artemisia continues to dominate the Okanogan Valley until ca. 5000 yr B.P. By 4700 yr B.P. the modern vegetation, dominated by Pseudotsuga menziesii, had become established around Bonaparte Meadows.

Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 12 , Issue 2 , September 1979 , pp. 212 - 225
Copyright
University of Washington

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alley, N.F., (1976). The palynology and palaeoclimatic significance of a dated core of Holocene peat, Okanagan Valley, Southern British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 13, 1131-1144.Google Scholar
Baker, R.G., (1976) Late Quaternary Vegetation History of the Yellowstone Lake Basin, Wyoming. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 729-E.Google Scholar
Borchardt, G.A., Harward, M.E., Schmitt, R.A., (1971). Correlation of volcanic ash deposits by activation analysis of glass separates. Quaternary Research. 1, 247-260.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Borchardt, G.A., Norgren, J.A., Harward, M.E., (1973). Correlation of ash layers in peat bogs in eastern Oregon. Geological Society of America Bulletin. 84, 3101-3108.Google Scholar
Crandell, D.R., (1965). The glacial history of western Washington and Oregon. Wright, H.E. Jr., Frey, D.G., Quaternary of the United States. Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, 341-353.Google Scholar
Daubenmire, R., (1970) Steppe Vegetation of Washington. Washington Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletin 62.Google Scholar
Daubenmire, R., Daubenmire, J.B., (1968) Forest Vegetation of Eastern Washington and Idaho. Washington Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletin 60.Google Scholar
Davis, J.O., (1977). Quaternary Tephrochronology of the Lake Lahontan Area, Nevada and California. Ph.D. thesis. University of Idaho, Moscow. Google Scholar
Davis, M.B., (1969). Palynology and environmental history during the Quaternary period. American Scientist. 57, 317-332.Google Scholar
Franklin, J.F., Dyrness, C.T., (1973) Vegetation of Washington and Oregon. USDA Forest Services General Technical Report PNW-3.Google Scholar
Fulton, R.J., (1969) Glacial Lake History, Southern Interior Plateau, British Columbia. Geological Survey of Canada Paper 69-37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fulton, R.J., (1971) Radiocarbon-Geochronology of Southern British Columbia. Geological Survey of Canada Paper 71–87.Google Scholar
Hansen, H.P., (1940). Paleoecology of a montane peat deposit at Bonaparte Lake, Washington. Northwest Science. 14, 60-69.Google Scholar
Hansen, H.P., (1947). Postglacial forest succession, climate and chronology in the Pacific Northwest. Transaction of the American Philosophical Society. 37, 1-130.Google Scholar
Heusser, C.J., (1973). Environmental sequence following the Fraser advance of the Juan de Fuca lobe, Washington. Quaternary Research. 3, 284-306.Google Scholar
Hitchcock, C.L., Cronquist, A., Ownbey, M., Thompson, J.W., (1969) Vascular Plants of the Pacific Northwest. Part 1. Vascular Cryptogams, Gymnosperms, and Monocotyledons. Univ. of Washington Press, Seattle. Google Scholar
Mack, R.N., (1971). Pollen size variation in some western North American pines as related to fossil pollen identification. Northwest Science. 45, 257-269.Google Scholar
Mack, R.N., Bryant, 250.M. Jr., (1974). Modern pollen spectra from the Columbia Basin, Washington. Northwest Science. 48, 183-194.Google Scholar
Mack, R.N., Bryant, 251.M. Jr., Fryxell, R., (1976). Pollen sequence from the Columbia Basin, Washington: Reappraisal of postglacial vegetation. American Midland Naturalist. 95, 390-397.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mack, R.N., Bryant, 252.M. Jr., Pell, W., 1978a. Modern forest pollen spectra from eastern Washington and northern Idaho. Botanical Gazette (Chicago). 139, 249-255.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mack, R.N., Rutter, N.W., Bryant, 253.M. Jr., Valastro, S., 1978b. Late Quaternary pollen record from Big Meadow, Pend Oreille, Co., Washington. Ecology. 59, 956-966.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mack, R.N., Rutter, N.W., Bryant, 254.M. Jr., Valastro, S., 1978c. Reexamination of postglacial vegetation history in northern Idaho: Hager Pond, Bonner Co.. Quaternary Research. 10, 241-255.Google Scholar
Mack, R.N., Rutter, N.W., Valastro, S., 1978d. Late Quaternary pollen record from the Sanpoil River Valley, Washington. Canadian Journal of Botany. 56, 1642-1650.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mack, R.N., Rutter, N.W., Valastro, S., Bryant, 255.M. Jr., 1978e. Late Quaternary vegetation history at Waits Lake, Colville River Valley, Washington. Botanical Gazette (Chicago). 139, 499-506.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mathewes, R.W., Rouse, G.E., (1975). Palynology and paleoecology of postglacial sediments from the lower Fraser River Canyon of British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 12, 745-756.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mehringer, P.J., Arno, S.F., Petersen, K.L., 1977a. Postglacial history of Lost Trail Pass Bog, Bitterroot Mountains, Montana. Arctic and Alpine Research. 9, 345-368.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mehringer, P.J., Blinman, E., Petersen, K., 1977b. Pollen influx and volcanic ash. Science. 198, 257-261.Google Scholar
Mullineaux, D.R., Hyde, J.H., Rubin, M., (1975). Widespread late glacial and postglacial tephra deposits from Mount St. Helens volcano, Washington. Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey. 3, 329-335.Google Scholar
Porter, S.C., (1976). Pleistocene glaciation in the southern part of the North Cascade Range, Washington. Geological Society of America Bulletin. 87, 61-75.Google Scholar
Porter, S.C., (1978). Glacier Peak tephra in the North Cascade Range, Washington: Stratigraphy, distribution, and relationship to late-glacial events. Quaternary Research. 10, 30-41.Google Scholar
Richmond, G.M., Fryxell, R., Neff, G.E., Weis, P., (1965). The Cordilleran ice sheet of the northern Rocky Mountains, and related Quaternary history of the Columbia Plateau. Wright, H.E. Jr., Frey, D.G., Quaternary of the United States. Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, 231-242.Google Scholar
Rigg, G.B., (1958) Peat Resources of Washington. State of Washington. Division of Mines and Geology, Bulletin 44.Google Scholar
Ritchie, J.C., (1974). Modern pollen assemblages near the arctic treeline, Mackenzie Delta region, Northwest Territories. Canadian Journal of Botany. 52, 381-396.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ritchie, J.C., (1976). The late Quaternary vegetational history of the western interior of Canada. Canadian Journal of Botany. 54, 1793-1818.Google Scholar
Rowe, J.S., (1972) Forest Regions of Canada. Department of the Environment, Canadian Forestry Service Publication 1300.Google Scholar
Russell, I.C., (1898). The great terrace of the Columbia and other topographic features in the neighborhood of Lake Chelan, Washington. American Geologist. 22, 362-369.Google Scholar
Stockmarr, J., (1971). Tablets with spores used in absolute pollen analysis. Pollen et Spores. 13, 615-621.Google Scholar
1972. U.S. Department of Commerce. Environmental Services Administration. Climatological data Washington. Annual Summary. 76, 13 231-244.Google Scholar
1973. U.S. Department of Commerce. Environmental Services Administration. Climatological data. Washington. Annual Summary. 77, 13 1-17.Google Scholar
1974. U.S. Department of Commerce. Environmental Services Administration. Climatological data. Washington. Annual Summary. 78, 13 1-17.Google Scholar
1975. U.S. Department of Commerce. Environmental Services Administration. Climatological data. Washington. Annual Summary. 79, 13 1-17.Google Scholar
Waddington, J.C.B., Wright, H.E. Jr., (1974). Late Quaternary vegetational changes on the east side of Yellowstone Park, Wyoming. Quaternary Research. 4, 175-184.Google Scholar
Wright, H.E. Jr., Watts, W.A., (1969) Glacial and Vegetational History of Northeastern Minnesota. 1-59 Minnesota Geological Survey Special Publication SP-11.Google Scholar