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Determinants of fire activity during the last 3500 yr at a wildland—urban interface, Alberta, Canada

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Emma L. Davis ,
Colin J. Courtney Mustaphi ,
Amber Gall ,
Michael F.J. Pisaric ,
Jesse C. Vermaire  and
Katrina A. Moser
Emma L. Davis*
Affiliation:
Department of Geography, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada Department of Geography, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Colin J. Courtney Mustaphi
Affiliation:
York Institute for Tropical Ecosystems, Environment Department, University of York, York, United Kingdom
Amber Gall
Affiliation:
Department of Geography, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
Michael F.J. Pisaric
Affiliation:
Department of Geography, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
Jesse C. Vermaire
Affiliation:
Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, and Institute of Environmental Science, Carleton University, Ontario, Canada
Katrina A. Moser
Affiliation:
Department of Geography, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
*
*Corresponding author. Department of Geography, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada. E-mail addresses:[email protected](E.L. Davis)[email protected](C.J. Courtney Mustaphi)[email protected](M.F.J. Pisaric)[email protected](J.C. Vermaire)[email protected](K.A. Moser)
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Abstract

Long-term records of wildfires and their controlling factors are important sources of information for informing land management practices. Here, dendrochronology and lake sediment analyses are used to develop a 3500-yr fire and vegetation history for a montane forest in Jasper National Park, Alberta, Canada. The tree-ring record (AD 1771-2012) indicates that this region historically experienced a mixed-severity fire regime, and that effective fire suppression excluded widespread fire events from the study area during the 20th century. A sediment core collected from Little Trefoil Lake, located near the Jasper townsite, is analyzed for subfossil pollen and macroscopic charcoal (>150 μm). When comparing the tree-ring record to the 3500-yr record of sediment-derived fire events, only high-severity fires are represented in the charcoal record. Comparisons between the charcoal record and historical climate and pollen data indicate that climate and vegetation composition have been important controls on the fire regime for most of the last 3500 yr. Although fire frequency is presently within the historical range of variability, the fire return interval of the last 150 yr is longer than expected given modern climate and vegetation conditions, indicating that humans have become the main control on fire activity around Little Trefoil Lake.

Keywords

Fire historyMacroscopic charcoalDendrochronologyLake sedimentPollen analysisPaleoecologyWildlandeurban interface
Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 86 , Issue 3 , November 2016 , pp. 247 - 259
Copyright
Copyright © University of Washington 2016

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