Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-dh8gc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-17T14:13:21.689Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Automated statistical matching of multiple tephra records exemplified using five long maar sequences younger than 75 ka, Auckland, New Zealand

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Rebecca M. Green ,
Mark S. Bebbington ,
Shane J. Cronin  and
Geoff Jones
Rebecca M. Green*
Affiliation:
IFS (Statistics), Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
Mark S. Bebbington
Affiliation:
IFS (Statistics), Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, New Zealand Volcanic Risk Solutions, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
Shane J. Cronin
Affiliation:
Volcanic Risk Solutions, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
Geoff Jones
Affiliation:
IFS (Statistics), Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail address:[email protected] (R.M. Green).
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Detailed tephrochronologies are built to underpin probabilistic volcanic hazard forecasting, and to understand the dynamics and history of diverse geomorphic, climatic, soil-forming and environmental processes. Complicating factors include highly variable tephra distribution over time; difficulty in correlating tephras from site to site based on physical and chemical properties; and uncertain age determinations. Multiple sites permit construction of more accurate composite tephra records, but correctly merging individual site records by recognizing common events and site-specific gaps is complex. We present an automated procedure for matching tephra sequences between multiple deposition sites using stochastic local optimization techniques. If individual tephra age determinations are not significantly different between sites, they are matched and a more precise age is assigned. Known stratigraphy and mineralogical or geochemical compositions are used to constrain tephra matches. We apply this method to match tephra records from five long sediment cores (≤ 75 cal ka BP) in Auckland, New Zealand. Sediments at these sites preserve basaltic tephras from local eruptions of the Auckland Volcanic Field as well as distal rhyolitic and andesitic tephras from Okataina, Taupo, Egmont, Tongariro, and Tuhua (Mayor Island) volcanic centers. The new correlated record compiled is statistically more likely than previously published arrangements from this area.

Keywords

TephrostratigraphyTephraAuckland Volcanic Field — New ZealandStochastic local searchSimulated annealing
Type
Articles
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 82 , Issue 2 , September 2014 , pp. 405 - 419
Copyright
University of Washington

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

1 Tel.: + 64 6 3569099; fax: + 64 6 3505682.

References

Akaike, H. On entropy maximization principle. Krishnaiah, P. Applications of Statistics. (1977). North-Holland, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 27–41.Google Scholar
Allen, S., and Smith, I. Eruption styles and volcanic hazard in the Auckland Volcanic Field, New Zealand. Geoscience Reports of Shizuoka University 20, (1994). 5–14.Google Scholar
Bebbington, M. Assessing spatio-temporal eruption forecasts in a monogenetic volcanic field. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 252, (2013). 14–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bebbington, M., and Cronin, S. Spatio-temporal hazard estimation in the Auckland Volcanic Field, New Zealand, with a new event-order model. Bulletin of Volcanology 73, (2011). 55–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, F., and McDougall, I. Geochronology of the Turkana depression of Northern Kenya and Southern Ethiopia. Evolutionary Anthropology 20, 6 (2011). 217–227.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bursik, M., and Rogova, G. Use of neural networks and decision fusion for lithostratigraphic correlation with sparse data, Mono-Inyo Craters, California. Computers and Geosciences 32, (2006). 1564–1572.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Černý, V. Thermodynamical approach to the traveling salesman problem: an efficient simulation algorithm. Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications 45, 1 (1985). 41–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Charman, D., and Grattan, J. An assessment of discriminant function analysis in the identification and correlation of distal Icelandic tephras in the British Isles. Firth, C., and McGuire, W. Volcanoes in the Quaternary. (1999). Geological Society London, London. 147–160.Google Scholar
Connor, L., and Connor, C. Inversion is the key to dispersion: understanding eruption dynamics by inverting tephra fallout. Mader, H., Coles, S., Connor, C., and Connor, L. Statistics in Volcanology. (2006). The Geological Society, London. 231–242.Google Scholar
Cronin, S., Wallace, R., and Neall, V. Sourcing and identifying andesitic tephras using major oxide titanomagnetite and hornblende chemistry, Egmont volcano and Tongariro Volcanic Centre, New Zealand. Bulletin of Volcanology 58, 1 (1996). 33–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cronin, S., Neall, V., Palmer, A., and Stewart, R. Methods of identifying late Quaternary tephras on the ring plains of Ruapehu and Tongariro volcanoes, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 40, (1997). 175–184.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Danišík, M., Shane, P., Schmitt, A., Hogg, A., Santos, G., Storm, S., Evans, N., Fifield, K., and Lindsay, J. Re-anchoring the late Pleistocene tephrochronology of New Zealand based on concordant radiocarbon ages and combined 238U/230Th disequilibrium and (U–Th)/He zircon ages. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 349–350, (2012). 240–250.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Froggatt, P., and Lowe, D. A review of late Quaternary silicic and some other tephra formulations from New Zealand: their stratigraphy, nomenclature, distribution, volume, and age. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 33, (1990). 89–109.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Geman, S., and Geman, D. Stochastic relaxation, Gibbs distribution, and the Bayesian restoration of images. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 6, (1984). 721–741.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Glover, F. Tabu search — part I. ORSA Journal on Computing 1, 3 (1989). 190–206.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Glover, F. Tabu search — part II. ORSA Journal on Computing 2, 1 (1990). 4–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Green, R., Bebbington, M., Cronin, S., and Jones, G. Geochemical precursors for eruption repose length. Geophysical Journal International 193, (2013). 855–873.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hajek, B. Cooling schedules for optimal annealing. Mathematics of Operations Research 13, 2 (1988). 311–329.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kawabata, E., Bebbington, M., Cronin, S., and Wang, T. Modeling thickness variability in tephra deposition. Bulletin of Volcanology 75, (2013). 738 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00445-013-0738-xCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kereszturi, G., Németh, K., Cronin, S., Agustin Flores, J., Smith, I., and Lindsay, J. A model for calculating eruptive volumes for monogenetic volcanoes — implication for the Quaternary Auckland Volcanic Field, New Zealand. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 266, (2013). 16–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kermode, L.O. (1992). Geology of the Auckland urban area. Scale 1:50 000. Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences geological map 2. 1 sheet + 63p GNS Science, Lower Hutt.Google Scholar
Kirkpatrick, S., Gelatt, C., and Vecchi, M. Optimization by simulated annealing. Science 220, 4598 (1983). 671–680.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Le Corvec, N., Bebbington, M., Lindsay, J., and McGee, L. Age, distance and geochemical evolution within a monogenetic volcanic field: analyzing patterns in the Auckland Volcanic Field eruption sequence. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 14, 9 (2013). 3648–3665.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Le Maitre, R. A proposal by the IUGS Subcommisson on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks for a chemical classification of volcanic rocks based on the total alkali silica (TAS) diagram. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 31, (1984). 243–255.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lindsay, J.M., Leonard, G.S., Smid, E.R., and Hayward, B.W. Age of the Auckland Volcanic Field: a review of existing data. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 54, (2011). 379–401.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lowe, D. Tephrochronology and its application: a review. Quaternary Geochronology 6, (2011). 107–153.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lowe, D., Shane, P., Alloway, B., and Newnham, R. Fingerprints and age models for widespread New Zealand tephra marker beds erupted since 30,000 years ago: a framework for NZ-INTIMATE. Quaternary Science Reviews 27, (2008). 95–126.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lowe, D., Blaauw, M., Hogg, A., and Newnham, R. Ages of 24 widespread tephras erupted since 30,000 years ago in New Zealand, with re-evaluation of the timing and palaeoclimatic implications of the Lateglacial cool episode recorded at Kaipo bog. Quaternary Science Reviews 74, (2013). 170–194.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Magill, C., and Blong, R. Volcanic risk ranking for Auckland, New Zealand. I: Methodology and hazard investigation. Bulletin of Volcanology 67, (2005). 331–339.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Magill, C., and Blong, R. Volcanic risk ranking for Auckland, New Zealand. II: Hazard consequences and risk calculation. Bulletin of Volcanology 67, (2005). 340–349.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marzocchi, W., and Bebbington, M. Probabilistic eruption forecasting at short and long time scales. Bulletin of Volcanology 74, (2012). 1777–1805.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Metropolis, N., Rosenbluth, A., Rosenbluth, M., Teller, A., and Teller, E. Equation of state calculations by fast computing machines. Journal of Chemical Physics 21, 6 (1953). 1087–1092.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Molloy, C., Shane, P., and Augustinus, P. Eruption recurrence rates in a basaltic volcanic field based on tephra layers in maar sediments: implications for hazards in the Auckland Volcanic Field. Geological Society of America Bulletin 121, 11–12 (2009). 1666–1677.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Németh, K., Cronin, S., Smith, I., and Agustin Flores, J. Amplified hazard of small-volume monogenetic eruptions due to environmental controls, Orakei Basin, Auckland Volcanic Field, New Zealand. Bulletin of Volcanology 74, (2012). 2121–2137.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Newnham, R., Lowe, D., and Alloway, B. Volcanic hazards in Auckland, New Zealand: a preliminary assessment of the threat posed by central North Island silicic volcanism based on the Quaternary tephrostratigraphical record. Geological Society, London, Special Publications 161, (1999). 27–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nilsson, A., Muscheler, R., Snowball, I., Aldahan, A., Possnert, G., Augustinus, P., Atkin, D., and Stephens, T. Multi-proxy identification of the Laschamp geomagnetic field excursion in Lake Pupuke, New Zealand. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 311, (2011). 155–164.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pollard, A., Blockley, S., and Lane, C. Some numerical considerations in the geochemical analysis of distal microtephra. Applied Geochemistry 21, (2006). 1692–1714.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rhoades, D., Dowrick, D., and Wilson, C. Volcanic hazard in New Zealand: scaling and attenuation relations for tephra fall deposits from Taupo volcano. Natural Hazards 26, (2002). 147–174.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sandiford, A., Alloway, B., and Shane, P. A 28000–6600 cal yr record of local and distal volcanism preserved in a paleolake, Auckland, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 42, 2 (2001). 323–336.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sandiford, A., Horrocks, M., Newnham, R., Ogden, J., and Alloway, B. Environmental change in the Last Glacial Maximum (ca 25000–16500 years BP) at Mt Richmond, Auckland Isthmus, New Zealand. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 32, (2002). 155–167.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sandiford, A., Newnham, R., Alloway, B., and Ogden, J. A 28000–7600 cal yr BP pollen record of vegetation and climate change from Pukaki Crater, northern New Zealand. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 201, (2003). 235–247.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shane, P. Towards a comprehensive distal andesitic tephrostratigraphic framework for New Zealand based on eruptions from Egmont volcano. Journal of Quaternary Science 20, 1 (2005). 45–57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shane, P., and Hoverd, J. Distal record of multi-sourced tephra in Onepoto Basin, Auckland, New Zealand: implications for volcanic chronology, frequency and hazards. Bulletin of Volcanology 64, (2002). 441–454.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stephens, T., Atkin, D., Augustinus, P., Shane, P., Lorrey, A., Street-Perrot, A., Nilsson, A., and Snowball, I. A late glacial Antarctic climate teleconnection and variable Holocene seasonality at Lake Pupuke, Auckland, New Zealand. Journal of Paleolimnology 48, (2012). 785–800.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stokes, S., and Lowe, D. Discriminant function analysis of late quaternary tephras from five volcanoes in New Zealand using glass shard major element chemistry. Quaternary Research 30, (1988). 270–283.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stokes, S., Lowe, D., and Froggatt, P. Discriminant function analysis and correlation of late Quaternary rhyolitic tephra deposits from Taupo and Okataina volcanoes, New Zealand, using glass shard major element composition. Quaternary International 13–14, (1992). 103–117.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Turner, M., Cronin, S., Bebbington, M., and Platz, T. Developing a probabilistic eruption forecast for dormant volcanoes; a case study from Mt Taranaki, New Zealand. Bulletin of Volcanology 70, (2008). 507–515.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Turner, M., Cronin, S., Stewart, R., Bebbington, M., and Smith, I. Using titanomagnetite textures to elucidate volcanic eruption histories. Geology 36, (2008). 31–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Turner, M., Cronin, S., Bebbington, M., and Stewart, R. Merging eruption datasets: building an integrated Holocene eruptive record for Mt Taranaki, New Zealand. Bulletin of Volcanology 71, (2009). 903–918.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Turner, M., Cronin, S., Bebbington, M., and Smith, I. Understanding the magmatic processes that drive eruptions at andesitic volcanoes: a case study from Mt Taranaki, New Zealand. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America 123, (2011). 2005–2015.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tyron, C., Logan, M.A., Mouralis, D., Kuhnm, S., Slimak, L., and Balkan-Atli, N. Building a tephrostratigraphic framework for the Paeolithic of Central Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of Archaeological Science 36, 3 (2009). 637–652.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Utsu, T. Representation and analysis of the earthquake size distribution: a historical review and some new approaches. Pure and Applied Geophysics 155, (1999). 509–535.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ward, G., and Wilson, S. Procedures for comparing and combining radiocarbon age determinations: a critique. Archeometry 20, 1 (1978). 19–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Supplementary material: PDF

Green et al. supplementary material

Supplementary Material 1

Download Green et al. supplementary material(PDF)
PDF 1.2 MB
Supplementary material: File

Green et al. supplementary material

Supplementary Material 2

Download Green et al. supplementary material(File)
File 6.5 KB
Supplementary material: File

Green et al. supplementary material

Supplementary Material 3

Download Green et al. supplementary material(File)
File 142.2 KB
Supplementary material: File

Green et al. supplementary material

Supplementary Material 4

Download Green et al. supplementary material(File)
File 26.1 KB
Supplementary material: File

Green et al. supplementary material

Supplementary Material 5

Download Green et al. supplementary material(File)
File 26.1 KB
Supplementary material: File

Green et al. supplementary material

Supplementary Material 6

Download Green et al. supplementary material(File)
File 468 Bytes