Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-r5fsc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T06:02:21.745Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Populating the Galaxy Velocity Dispersion: Supermassive Black Hole Mass Diagram, A Catalogue of (Mbh, σ) Values

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 March 2013

Alister W. Graham
Alister W. Graham*
Affiliation:
Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia. Email: [email protected]
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

An updated catalogue of 76 galaxies, with direct measurements of supermassive black-hole mass (Mbh) plus, when available, the central velocity dispersion (σ0) of their host bulge is provided. Fifty of these mass measurements are considered reliable, while the others remain somewhat uncertain at this time. An additional nine stellar systems, including one stellar cluster and three globular clusters, are listed as hosting potential intermediate mass black holes <106M⊙.

With this larger data set, the demographics within the Mbh–σ0 diagram are briefly explored. Many barred galaxies are shown to be offset from the Mbh–σ0 relation defined by the non-barred galaxies, in the sense that their velocity dispersions are too high. Furthermore, including 88 AGN with black-hole mass estimates from reverberation mapping studies, we speculate that barred AGN may follow this same general trend. We also show that some AGN with σ0 < 100 km s−1 tend to reside up to (∼0.6 dex) ∼1.0 dex above the (barless) Mbh–σ0 relation. Finally, it is shown that ‘core galaxies’ appear not to define an additional subdivision of the Mbh–σ0 diagram, although improved methods for measuring σ0 values may be valuable.

Keywords

cataloguesblack hole physicsgalaxies: bulgesgalaxies: fundamental parametersgalaxies: kinematics and dynamicsgalaxies: nuclei
Type
Research Article
Information
Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia , Volume 25 , Issue 4 , 2008 , pp. 167 - 175
Copyright
Copyright © Astronomical Society of Australia 2008

References

Akritas, M. G. & Bershady, M. A., 1996, ApJ, 470, 706 Google Scholar
Atkinson, J. W. et al., 2005, MNRAS, 359, 504 Google Scholar
Bacon, R., Emsellem, E., Combes, F., Copin, Y., Monnet, G. & Martin, P., 2001, A&A, 371, 409 Google Scholar
Barth, A. J., Sarzi, M., Rix, H.-W., Ho, L. C., Filippenko, A. V. & Sargent, W. L. W., 2001, ApJ, 555, 685 Google Scholar
Barth, A. J., Ho, L. C., Rutledge, R. E. & Sargent, W. L. W., 2004, ApJ, 607, 90 Google Scholar
Baumgardt, H., Hut, P., Makino, J., McMillan, S. & Portegies Zwart, S., 2003a, ApJ, 582, L21 Google Scholar
Baumgardt, H., Makino, J., Hut, P., McMillan, S. & Portegies Zwart, S., 2003b, ApJ, 589, L25 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Begelman, M. C. & Nath, B. B., 2005, MNRAS, 361, 1387 Google Scholar
Begelman, M. C., Blandford, R. D. & Rees, M. J., 1980, Natur, 287, 307 Google Scholar
Begelman, M., de Kool, M. & Sikora, M., 1991, ApJ, 382, 416 Google Scholar
Beifiori, A., Sarzi, M., Corsini, E. M., Dalla Bontà, E., Pizzella, A., Coccato, L. & Bertola, F., 2008, ApJ, in press (arXiv:0809.5103)Google Scholar
Bender, R. et al., 2005, ApJ, 631, 280 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Benson, A. J., Bower, R. G., Frenk, C. S., Lacey, C. G., Baugh, C. M. & Cole, S., 2003, ApJ, 599, 38 Google Scholar
Blais-Ouellette, S., Amram, P., Carignan, C. & Swaters, R., 2004, A&A, 420, 147 Google Scholar
Bower, G. A. et al., 2001, ApJ, 550, 75 Google Scholar
Bower, R. G., Benson, A. J., Malbon, R., Helly, J. C., Frenk, C. S., Baugh, C. M., Cole, S. & Lacey, C. G., 2006, MNRAS, 370, 645 Google Scholar
Braatz, J. A., Greenhill, L., Moran, J., Wilson, A. & Herrnstein, J., 1997, BAAS, 29, 1374 Google Scholar
Braatz, J. A. & Gugliucci, N. E., 2008, ApJ, 678, 96 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Capetti, A., Marconi, A., Macchetto, D. & Axon, D., 2005, A&A, 431, 465 Google Scholar
Cappellari, M., Verolme, E. K., van der Marel, R. P., Kleijn, G. A. V., Illingworth, G. D., Franx, M., Carollo, C. M. & de Zeeuw, P. T., 2002, ApJ, 578, 787 Google Scholar
Cappellari, M. et al., 2006, MNRAS, 366, 1126 Google Scholar
Cappellari, M. et al., 2008, in IAUS 245, Formation and Evolution of Galaxy Bulges, Eds. Bureau, M., Athanassoula, E. & Barbuy, B., 215 Google Scholar
Cid Fernandes, R., Gu, Q., Melnick, J., Terlevich, E., Terlevich, R., Kunth, D., Rodrigues Lacerda, R. & Joguet, B., 2004, MNRAS, 355, 273 Google Scholar
Coccato, L., Sarzi, M., Pizzella, A., Corsini, E. M., Dalla Bontà, E. & Bertola, F., 2006, MNRAS, 366, 1050 Google Scholar
Copin, Y., Cretton, N. & Emsellem, E., 2004, A&A, 415, 889 Google Scholar
Cretton, N. & van den Bosch, F., 1999, ApJ, 514, 704 Google Scholar
Croton, D. J. et al., 2006, MNRAS, 365, 11 Google Scholar
Davies, R. I. et al., 2006, ApJ, 646, 754 Google Scholar
de Rijcke, S., Michielsen, D., Dejonghe, H., Zeilinger, W. W. & Hau, G. K. T., 2005, A&A, 438, 491 Google Scholar
Devereux, N. A., Ford, H. C., Tsvetanov, Z. & Jacoby, G., 2003, AJ, 125, 1226 Google Scholar
Ebisuzaki, T., Makino, J. & Okumura, S. K., 1991, Natur, 354, 212 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eisenhauer, F. et al., 2003, ApJ, 597, L121 Google Scholar
Emsellem, E., Dejonghe, H. & Bacon, R., 1999, MNRAS, 303, 495 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Faber, S. M. & Jackson, R. E., 1976, ApJ, 204, 668 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Faber, S. M. et al., 1997, AJ, 114, 1771 Google Scholar
Fabian, A. C., 1999, MNRAS, 308, L39 Google Scholar
Ferrarese, L. & Ford, H. C., 1999, ApJ, 515, 583 Google Scholar
Ferrarese, L. & Ford, H. C., 2005, SSRv, 116, 523 Google Scholar
Ferrarese, L. & Merritt, D., 2000, ApJ, 539, L9 Google Scholar
Ferrarese, L., van den Bosch, F. C., Ford, H. C., Jaffe, W. & O'Connell, R. W., 1994, AJ, 108, 1598 Google Scholar
Ferrarese, L., Ford, H. C. & Jaffe, W., 1996a, ApJ, 470, 444 Google Scholar
Ferrarese, L. et al., 1996b, ApJ, 464, 568 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferrarese, L. et al., 2006, ApJS, 164, 334 Google Scholar
Filippenko, A. V. & Ho, L. C., 2003, ApJ, 588, L13 Google Scholar
Gebhardt, K. et al., 2000, ApJ, 539, L13 Google Scholar
Gebhardt, K. et al., 2001, AJ, 122, 2469 Google Scholar
Gebhardt, K. et al., 2003, ApJ, 583, 92 Google Scholar
Gebhardt, K., Rich, R. M. & Ho, L. C., 2005, ApJ, 634, 1093 Google Scholar
Gebhardt, K. et al., 2007, ApJ, 671, 1321 Google Scholar
Gerssen, J., van der Marel, R. P., Gebhardt, K., Guhathakurta, P., Peterson, R. C. & Pryor, C., 2003, AJ, 125, 376 Google Scholar
Ghez, A. M. et al., 2005, ApJ, 620, 744 Google Scholar
Graham, A. W., 2004, ApJ, 613, L33 Google Scholar
Graham, A. W., 2007, MNRAS, 379, 711 Google Scholar
Graham, A. W., 2008, ApJ, 680, 143 Google Scholar
Graham, A. W. & Driver, S. P., 2007a, ApJ, 655, 77 Google Scholar
Graham, A. W. & Driver, S. P., 2007b, MNRAS, 380, L15 Google Scholar
Granato, G. L., De Zotti, G., Silva, L., Bressan, A. & Danese, L., 2004, ApJ, 600, 580 Google Scholar
Greene, J. E. & Ho, L. C., 2006, ApJ, 641, L21 Google Scholar
Greenhill, L. J., Moran, J. M. & Herrnstein, J. R., 1997, ApJ, 481, L23 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Greenhill, L. J. et al., 2003a, ApJ, 590, 162 Google Scholar
Greenhill, L. J., Kondratko, P. T., Lovell, J. E. J., Kuiper, T. B. H., Moran, J. M., Jauncey, D. L. & Baines, G. P., 2003b, ApJ, 582, L11 Google Scholar
Gualandris, A. & Merritt, D., 2008, in 2007 STScI Spring Symposium: Black Holes, Eds. Livio, M. & Koekemoer, A. M. (Cambridge University Press), in press (arXiv:0708.3083)Google Scholar
Hagiwara, Y., Diamond, P. J., Nakai, N. & Kawabe, R., 2001, ApJ, 560, 119 Google Scholar
Häring, N. & Rix, H.-W., 2004, ApJ, 604, L89 Google Scholar
Harris, W. E., 1996, AJ, 112, 1487 Google Scholar
Henkel, C., Braatz, J. A., Greenhill, L. J. & Wilson, A. S., 2002, A&A, 394, 23 Google Scholar
Herrnstein, J. R. et al., 1999, Natur, 400, 539 Google Scholar
Hicks, E. K. S. & Malkan, M. A., 2008, ApJS, 174, 31 Google Scholar
Houghton, R. C. W., Magorrian, J., Sarzi, M., Thatte, N., Davies, R. L. & Krajnović, D., 2006, MNRAS, 367, 2 Google Scholar
Hu, J., 2008, MNRAS, 386, 2242 Google Scholar
Ishihara, Y., Nakai, N., Iyomoto, N., Makishima, K., Diamond, P. & Hall, P., 2001, PASJ, 53, 215 Google Scholar
Jerjen, H., Binggeli, B. & Barazza, F. D., 2004, AJ, 127, 771 Google Scholar
Jorgensen, I., Franx, M. & Kjaergaard, P., 1995, MNRAS, 276, 1341 Google Scholar
Karachentsev, I. D. et al., 2007, AJ, 133, 504 Google Scholar
Kondratko, P. T., Greenhill, L. J. & Moran, J. M., 2005, ApJ, 618, 618 Google Scholar
Kondratko, P. T. et al., 2006, ApJ, 638, 100 Google Scholar
Kormendy, J., 1985, ApJ, 292, L9 Google Scholar
Kormendy, J., 1988, ApJ, 335, 40 Google Scholar
Kormendy, J. et al., 1997, ApJ, 482, L139 Google Scholar
Kormendy, J. & Richstone, D. O., 1995, ARA&A, 33, 581 Google Scholar
Lauer, T. R., 1985, ApJ, 292, 104 Google Scholar
Lodato, G. & Bertin, G., 2003, A&A, 398, 517 Google Scholar
Macchetto, F., Marconi, A., Axon, D. J., Capetti, A., Sparks, W. & Crane, P., 1997, ApJ, 489, 579 Google Scholar
Maciejewski, W. & Binney, J., 2001, MNRAS, 323, 831 Google Scholar
Madau, P., Ferguson, H. C., Dickinson, M. E., Giavalisco, M., Steidel, C. C. & Fruchter, A., 1996, MNRAS, 283, 1388 Google Scholar
Magorrian, J. et al., 1998, AJ, 115, 2285 Google Scholar
Makino, J. & Ebisuzaki, T., 1996, ApJ, 465, 527 Google Scholar
Marconi, A. & Hunt, L. K., 2003, ApJ, 589, L21 Google Scholar
Marconi, A. et al., 2003, ApJ, 586, 868 Google Scholar
Marconi, A., Pastorini, G., Pacini, F., Axon, D. J., Capetti, A., Macchetto, D., Koekemoer, A. M. & Schreier, E. J., 2006, A&A, 448, 921 Google Scholar
McConnachie, A. W., Irwin, M. J., Ferguson, A. M. N., Ibata, R. A., Lewis, G. F. & Tanvir, N., 2005, MNRAS, 356, 979 Google Scholar
McCrady, N., Gilbert, A. M. & Graham, J. R., 2003, ApJ, 596, 240 Google Scholar
McLure, R. J. & Dunlop, J. S., 2002, MNRAS, 331, 795 Google Scholar
Merritt, D., 2006, ApJ, 648, 976 Google Scholar
Merritt, D. & Ferrarese, L., 2001a, ApJ, 547, 140 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Merritt, D. & Ferrarese, L., 2001b, The Central Kiloparsec of Starbursts and AGN: The La Palma Connection, 249, 335 Google Scholar
Merritt, D., Ferrarese, L. & Joseph, C. L., 2001, Sci, 293, 1116 Google Scholar
Miyoshi, M., Moran, J., Herrnstein, J., Greenhill, L., Nakai, N., Diamond, P. & Inoue, M., 1995, Natur, 373, 127 Google Scholar
Nakai, N., Inoue, M., Hagiwara, Y., Miyoshi, M. & Diamond, P. J., 1998, IAUC 164: Radio Emission from Galactic and Extragalactic Compact Sources, 144, 237 Google Scholar
Neumayer, N., Cappellari, M., Reunanen, J., Rix, H.-W., van der Werf, P. P., de Zeeuw, P. T. & Davies, R. I., 2007, ApJ, 671, 1329 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Novak, G. S., Faber, S. M. & Dekel, A., 2006, ApJ, 637, 96 Google Scholar
Nowak, N., Saglia, R. P., Thomas, J., Bender, R., Pannella, M., Gebhardt, K. & Davies, R. I., 2007, MNRAS, 379, 909 Google Scholar
Noyola, E., Gebhardt, K. & Bergmann, M., 2008, ApJ, 676, 1008 Google Scholar
Onken, C. A. et al., 2007, ApJ, 670, 105 Google Scholar
Pastorini, G. et al., 2007, A&A, 469, 405 Google Scholar
Patruno, A., Portegies Zwart, S., Dewi, J. & Hopman, C., 2006, MNRAS, 370, L6 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paturel, G., Petit, C., Prugniel, P., Theureau, G., Rousseau, J., Brouty, M., Dubois, P. & Cambrésy, L., 2003, A&A, 412, 45 Google Scholar
Peterson, B. M. et al., 2004, ApJ, 613, 682 Google Scholar
Pignatelli, E., Salucci, P. & Danese, L., 2001, MNRAS, 320, 124 Google Scholar
Quinlan, G. D., 1996, NewA, 1, 35 Google Scholar
Quinlan, G. D. & Hernquist, L., 1997, NewA, 2, 533 Google Scholar
Ravindranath, S., Ho, L. C., Peng, C. Y., Filippenko, A. V. & Sargent, W. L. W., 2001, AJ, 122, 653 Google Scholar
Rest, A., van den Bosch, F. C., Jaffe, W., Tran, H., Tsvetanov, Z., Ford, H. C., Davies, J. & Schafer, J., 2001, AJ, 121, 2431 Google Scholar
Richstone, D. et al., 2008, ApJ, submitted (astro-ph/0403257)Google Scholar
Salucci, P., Szuszkiewicz, E., Monaco, P. & Danese, L., 1999, MNRAS, 307, 637 Google Scholar
Sarzi, M., Rix, H.-W., Shields, J. C., Rudnick, G., Ho, L. C., McIntosh, D. H., Filippenko, A. V. & Sargent, W. L. W., 2001, ApJ, 550, 65 Google Scholar
Senorita Devi, A., Misra, R., Shanthi, K. & Singh, K. Y., 2008, ApJ, 682, 218 Google Scholar
Shapiro, K. L., Cappellari, M., de Zeeuw, T., McDermid, R. M., Gebhardt, K., van den Bosch, R. C. E. & Statler, T. S., 2006, MNRAS, 370, 559 Google Scholar
Silk, J. & Rees, M. J., 1998, A&A, 331, L1 Google Scholar
Tadhunter, C., Marconi, A., Axon, D., Wills, K., Robinson, T. G. & Jackson, N., 2003, MNRAS, 342, 861 Google Scholar
Thim, F., Hoessel, J. G., Saha, A., Claver, J., Dolphin, A. & Tammann, G. A., 2004, AJ, 127, 2322 Google Scholar
Thornton, C. E., Barth, A. J., Ho, L. C., Rutledge, R. E. & Greene, J. E., ApJ, in press (arXiv:0807.1535)Google Scholar
Tonry, J. L., Dressler, A., Blakeslee, J. P., Ajhar, E. A., Fletcher, A. B., Luppino, G. A., Metzger, M. R. & Moore, C. B., 2001, ApJ, 546, 681 Google Scholar
Tremaine, S. et al., 2002, ApJ, 574, 740 Google Scholar
Trotter, A. S., Greenhill, L. J., Moran, J. M., Reid, M. J., Irwin, J. A. & Lo, K., 1998, ApJ, 495, 740 Google Scholar
Trujillo, I., Erwin, P., Asensio Ramos, A. & Graham, A. W., 2004, AJ, 127, 1917 Google Scholar
Valluri, M., Merritt, D. & Emsellem, E., 2004, ApJ, 602, 66 Google Scholar
Valluri, M., Ferrarese, L., Merritt, D. & Joseph, C. L., 2005, ApJ, 628, 137 Google Scholar
van de Ven, G., van den Bosch, R. C. E., Verolme, E. K. & de Zeeuw, P. T., 2006, A&A, 445, 513 Google Scholar
van den Bosch, R., de Zeeuw, T., Gebhardt, K., Noyola, E. & van de Ven, G., 2006, ApJ, 641, 852 Google Scholar
van der Marel, R. P. & van den Bosch, F. C., 1998, AJ, 116, 2220 Google Scholar
Verolme, E. K. et al., 2002, MNRAS, 335, 517 Google Scholar
Wilson, A. S., Braatz, J. A. & Henkel, C., 1995, ApJ, 455, L127 Google Scholar
Wold, M., Lacy, M., Käufl, H. U. & Siebenmorgen, R., 2006, A&A, 460, 449 Google Scholar
Wyithe, J. S. B., 2006a, MNRAS, 365, 1082 Google Scholar
Wyithe, J. S. B., 2006b, MNRAS, 371, 1536 Google Scholar
Yamauchi, A., Nakai, N., Sato, N. & Diamond, P., 2004, PASJ, 56, 605 Google Scholar
Younger, J. D., Hopkins, P. F., Cox, T. J. & Hernquist, L., 2008, ApJ, submitted (arXiv:0804.2672)Google Scholar
Zhang, S.-Y., Bian, W.-H. & Huang, K.-L., 2008, A&A, submitted (arXiv:0806.2485)Google Scholar