Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dk4vv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T17:19:35.509Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

What determines continuing grey matter changes in first-episode schizophrenia and affective psychosis?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 September 2014

P. G. P. Rosa ,
M. V. Zanetti ,
F. L. S. Duran ,
L. C. Santos ,
P. R. Menezes ,
M. Scazufca ,
R. M. Murray ,
G. F. Busatto  and
M. S. Schaufelberger
P. G. P. Rosa
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil Centre for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA), University of São Paulo, Brazil
M. V. Zanetti
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil Centre for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA), University of São Paulo, Brazil
F. L. S. Duran
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil Centre for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA), University of São Paulo, Brazil
L. C. Santos
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil Centre for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA), University of São Paulo, Brazil
P. R. Menezes
Affiliation:
Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil
M. Scazufca
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Psychopharmacology and Clinical Psychophysiology (LIM-23), Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, Brazil
R. M. Murray
Affiliation:
Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, UK
G. F. Busatto
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil Centre for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA), University of São Paulo, Brazil
M. S. Schaufelberger*
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil Centre for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA), University of São Paulo, Brazil Department of Neuroscience and Behaviour, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
*
*Address for correspondence: Dr M. S. Schaufelberger, Departamento de Neurociências e Ciências do Comportamento, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Avenida dos Bandeirantes, 3900, Monte Alegre, 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. (Email: [email protected])
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Background.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have shown that brain abnormalities in psychosis might be progressive during the first years of illness. We sought to determine whether first-episode psychosis (FEP) subjects show progressive regional grey matter (GM) changes compared with controls, and whether those changes are associated with diagnosis, illness course or antipsychotic (AP) use.

Method.

Thirty-two subjects with first-episode schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (FESZ), 24 patients with first-episode affective psychoses (FEAP) and 34 controls recruited using a population-based design underwent structural MRI scanning at baseline and at a 5-year follow-up. Regional GM volumes were assessed with voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Patients were treated at community settings, and about half of them remained mainly untreated.

Results.

No significant progressive changes in GM regional volumes were observed in either the FESZ or FEAP group overall. However, FESZ subjects with a non-remitting course showed GM decrements in the left superior temporal gyrus (STG) and insula relative to remitted FESZ subjects. Non-remitted FEAP subjects exhibited a GM decrease in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) bilaterally in comparison to remitted FEAP subjects. Among FESZ subjects, AP use was associated with regional GM decrements in the right insula and increments in the cerebellum.

Conclusions.

Our results suggest that the progression of brain abnormalities in FEP subjects is restricted to those with a poor outcome and differs between diagnosis subgroups. AP intake is associated with a different pattern of GM reductions over time.

Keywords

Bipolar disordermagnetic resonance imagingmajor depressive disorderpsychosisschizophreniavoxel-based morphometry
Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 45 , Issue 4 , March 2015 , pp. 817 - 828
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2014 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Andreasen, NC, Liu, D, Ziebell, S, Vora, A, Ho, BC (2013). Relapse duration, treatment intensity, and brain tissue loss in schizophrenia: a prospective longitudinal MRI study. American Journal of Psychiatry 170, 609–615.Google Scholar
Andreasen, NC, Nopoulos, P, Magnotta, V, Pierson, R, Ziebell, S, Ho, BC (2011). Progressive brain change in schizophrenia: a prospective longitudinal study of first-episode schizophrenia. Biological Psychiatry 70, 672–679.Google Scholar
APA (2000). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision. DSM-IV-TR. American Psychiatric Association: Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Ashburner, J (2012). SPM: a history. NeuroImage 62, 791–800.Google Scholar
Boonstra, G, van Haren, NE, Schnack, HG, Cahn, W, Burger, H, Boersma, M, de Kroon, B, Grobbee, DE, Hulshoff Pol, HE, Kahn, RS (2011). Brain volume changes after withdrawal of atypical antipsychotics in patients with first-episode schizophrenia. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology 31, 146–153.Google Scholar
Bora, E, Fornito, A, Pantelis, C, Yucel, M (2012). Gray matter abnormalities in major depressive disorder: a meta-analysis of voxel based morphometry studies. Journal of Affective Disorders 138, 9–18.Google Scholar
Busatto, GF, Dini, BS, Zanetti, MV (2008). Voxel-based morphometry in Alzheimer's disease. Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics 8, 1691–1702.Google Scholar
Chen, G, Saad, ZS, Britton, JC, Pine, DS, Cox, RW (2013). Linear mixed-effects modeling approach to FMRI group analysis. NeuroImage 73, 176–190.Google Scholar
Davatzikos, C (2004). Why voxel-based morphometric analysis should be used with great caution when characterizing group differences. NeuroImage 23, 17–20.Google Scholar
de Azevedo-Marques Périco, C, Duran, FL, Zanetti, MV, Santos, LC, Murray, RM, Scazufca, M, Menezes, PR, Busatto, GF, Schaufelberger, MS (2011). A population-based morphometric MRI study in patients with first-episode psychotic bipolar disorder: comparison with geographically matched healthy controls and major depressive disorder subjects. Bipolar Disorders 13, 28–40.Google Scholar
DeLisi, LE (2008). The concept of progressive brain change in schizophrenia: implications for understanding schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin 34, 312–321.Google Scholar
Demjaha, A, MacCabe, JH, Murray, RM (2012). How genes and environmental factors determine the different neurodevelopmental trajectories of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Schizophrenia Bulletin 38, 209–214.Google Scholar
Deng, MY, McAlonan, GM, Cheung, C, Chiu, CP, Law, CW, Cheung, V, Sham, PC, Chen, EY, Chua, SE (2009). A naturalistic study of grey matter volume increase after early treatment in anti-psychotic naïve, newly diagnosed schizophrenia. Psychopharmacology (Berlin) 206, 437–446.Google Scholar
First, MB, Spitzer, RL, Gibbon, M, Williams, JBW (2002). Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders, Research Version, Patient Edition (SCID-I/P). Biometrics Research Department, New York State Psychiatric Institute: New York, NY.Google Scholar
Fries, GR, Pfaffenseller, B, Stertz, L, Paz, AV, Dargel, AA, Kunz, M, Kapczinski, F (2012). Staging and neuroprogression in bipolar disorder. Current Psychiatry Reports 14, 667–675.Google Scholar
Fusar-Poli, P, Smieskova, R, Kempton, MJ, Ho, BC, Andreasen, NC, Borgwardt, S (2013). Progressive brain changes in schizophrenia related to antipsychotic treatment? A meta-analysis of longitudinal MRI studies. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 37, 1680–1691.Google Scholar
Goghari, VM, Smith, GN, Honer, WG, Kopala, LC, Thornton, AE, Su, W, Macewan, GW, Lang, DJ (2013). Effects of eight weeks of atypical antipsychotic treatment on middle frontal thickness in drug-naïve first-episode psychosis patients. Schizophrenia Research 149, 149–155.Google Scholar
Good, CD, Johnsrude, IS, Ashburner, J, Henson, RN, Friston, KJ, Frackowiak, RS (2001). A voxel-based morphometric study of ageing in 465 normal adult human brains. NeuroImage 14, 21–36.Google Scholar
Harrison, PJ (2002). The neuropathology of primary mood disorder. Brain 125 (Pt 7), 1428–1449.Google Scholar
Harrison, PJ, Weinberger, DR (2005). Schizophrenia genes, gene expression, and neuropathology: on the matter of their convergence. Molecular Psychiatry 10, 40–68.Google Scholar
Ho, BC, Andreasen, NC, Ziebell, S, Pierson, R, Magnotta, V (2011). Long-term antipsychotic treatment and brain volumes: a longitudinal study of first-episode schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry 68, 128–137.Google Scholar
Honea, R, Crow, TJ, Passingham, D, Mackay, CE (2005). Regional deficits in brain volume in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of voxel-based morphometry studies. American Journal of Psychiatry 162, 2233–2245.Google Scholar
Kay, SR, Fiszbein, A, Opler, LA (1987). The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin 13, 261–276.Google Scholar
Kempton, MJ, Stahl, D, Williams, SC, DeLisi, LE (2010). Progressive lateral ventricular enlargement in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of longitudinal MRI studies. Schizophrenia Research 120, 54–62.Google Scholar
Lacadie, CM, Fulbright, RK, Rajeevan, N, Constable, RT, Papademetris, X (2008). More accurate Talairach coordinates for neuroimaging using non-linear registration. NeuroImage 42, 717–725.Google Scholar
Lappin, JM, Morgan, C, Chalavi, S, Morgan, KD, Reinders, AA, Fearon, P, Heslin, M, Zanelli, J, Jones, PB, Murray, RM, Dazzan, P (2013). Bilateral hippocampal increase following first-episode psychosis is associated with good clinical, functional and cognitive outcomes. Psychological Medicine 18, 1–13.Google Scholar
Lim, CS, Baldessarini, RJ, Vieta, E, Yucel, M, Bora, E, Sim, K (2013). Longitudinal neuroimaging and neuropsychological changes in bipolar disorder patients: review of the evidence. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 37, 418–435.Google Scholar
Martins-de-Souza, D (2012 a). Comprehending depression through proteomics. International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology 15, 1373–1374.Google Scholar
Martins-de-Souza, D (2012 b). Proteomics tackling schizophrenia as a pathway disorder. Schizophrenia Bulletin 38, 1107–1108.Google Scholar
Menezes, PR, Scazufca, M, Busatto, G, Coutinho, LM, McGuire, PK, Murray, RM (2007). Incidence of first-contact psychosis in Sao Paulo, Brazil. British Journal of Psychiatry. Supplement 51, s102–s106.Google Scholar
Moncrieff, J, Leo, J (2010). A systematic review of the effects of antipsychotic drugs on brain volume. Psychological Medicine 40, 1409–1422.Google Scholar
Olabi, B, Ellison-Wright, I, McIntosh, AM, Wood, SJ, Bullmore, E, Lawrie, SM (2011). Are there progressive brain changes in schizophrenia? A meta-analysis of structural magnetic resonance imaging studies. Biological Psychiatry 70, 88–96.Google Scholar
Parzen, M, Ghosh, S, Lipsitz, S, Sinha, D, Fitzmaurice, GM, Mallick, BK, Ibrahim, JG (2011). A generalized linear mixed model for longitudinal binary data with a marginal logit link function. Annals of Applied Statistics 5, 449–467.Google Scholar
Rais, M, Cahn, W, van Haren, N, Schnack, H, Caspers, E, Hulshoff Pol, H, Kahn, R (2008). Excessive brain volume loss over time in cannabis-using first-episode schizophrenia patients. American Journal of Psychiatry 165, 490–496.Google Scholar
Roiz-Santiáñez, R, Ayesa-Arriola, R, Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, D, Ortiz-García de la Foz, V, Pérez-Iglesias, R, Pazos, A, Sánchez, E, Crespo-Facorro, B (2013). Three-year longitudinal population-based volumetric MRI study in first-episode schizophrenia spectrum patients. Psychological Medicine 26, 1–14.Google Scholar
Rosa, PG, Schaufelberger, MS, Uchida, RR, Duran, FL, Lappin, JM, Menezes, PR, Scazufca, M, McGuire, PK, Murray, RM, Busatto, GF (2010). Lateral ventricle differences between first-episode schizophrenia and first-episode psychotic bipolar disorder: a population-based morphometric MRI study. World Journal of Biological Psychiatry 11, 873–887.Google Scholar
Savitz, J, Drevets, WC (2009). Bipolar and major depressive disorder: neuroimaging the developmental-degenerative divide. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 33, 699–771.Google Scholar
Schaufelberger, MS, Duran, FL, Lappin, JM, Scazufca, M, Amaro, E Jr., Leite, CC, de Castro, CC, Murray, RM, McGuire, PK, Menezes, PR, Busatto, GF (2007). Grey matter abnormalities in Brazilians with first-episode psychosis. British Journal of Psychiatry. Supplement 51, s117–s122.Google Scholar
Schaufelberger, MS, Lappin, JM, Duran, FL, Rosa, PG, Uchida, RR, Santos, LC, Murray, RM, McGuire, PK, Scazufca, M, Menezes, PR, Busatto, GF (2011). Lack of progression of brain abnormalities in first-episode psychosis: a longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging study. Psychological Medicine 41, 1677–1689.Google Scholar
Schmitt, A, Leonardi-Essmann, F, Durrenberger, PF, Parlapani, E, Schneider-Axmann, T, Spanagel, R, Arzberger, T, Kretzschmar, H, Herrera-Marschitz, M, Gruber, O, Reynolds, R, Falkai, P, Gebicke-Haerter, PJ (2011). Regulation of immune-modulatory genes in left superior temporal cortex of schizophrenia patients: a genome-wide microarray study. World Journal of Biological Psychiatry 12, 201–215.Google Scholar
Schmitt, A, Reich-Erkelenz, D, Gebicke-Härter, PJ, Falkai, P (2013). Transcriptome studies in the context of disturbed connectivity in schizophrenia. Revista Psiquiatria Clínica 40, 10–15.Google Scholar
Smieskova, R, Fusar-Poli, P, Allen, P, Bendfeldt, K, Stieglitz, RD, Drewe, J, Radue, EW, McGuire, PK, Riecher-Rössler, A, Borgwardt, SJ (2009). The effects of antipsychotics on the brain: what have we learnt from structural imaging of schizophrenia? A systematic review. Current Pharmaceutical Design 15, 2535–2549.Google Scholar
Terribilli, D, Schaufelberger, MS, Duran, FLS, Zanetti, MV, Curiati, PK, Menezes, PR, Scazufca, M, Amaro, E Jr., Leite, CC, Busatto, GF (2011). Age-related gray matter volume changes in the brain during non-elderly adulthood. Neurobiology of Aging 32, 354–368.Google Scholar
van Haren, NE, Hulshoff Pol, HE, Schnack, HG, Cahn, W, Brans, R, Carati, I, Rais, M, Kahn, RS (2008). Progressive brain volume loss in schizophrenia over the course of the illness: evidence of maturational abnormalities in early adulthood. Biological Psychiatry 63, 106–113.Google Scholar
van Haren, NE, Koolschijn, PC, Cahn, W, Schnack, HG, Hulshoff Pol, HE, Kahn, RS (2010). Cigarette smoking and progressive brain volume loss in schizophrenia. European Neuropsychopharmacology 20, 454–458.Google Scholar
van Haren, NE, Schnack, HG, Cahn, W, van den Heuvel, MP, Lepage, C, Collins, L, Evans, AC, Hulshoff Pol, HE, Kahn, RS (2011). Changes in cortical thickness during the course of illness in schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry 68, 871–880.Google Scholar
Vita, A, De Peri, L, Deste, G, Sacchetti, E (2012). Progressive loss of cortical gray matter in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis and meta-regression of longitudinal MRI studies. Translational Psychiatry 2, e190.Google Scholar
Zipparo, L, Whitford, TJ, Redoblado Hodge, MA, Lucas, S, Farrow, TF, Brennan, J, Gomes, L, Williams, LM, Harris, AW (2008). Investigating the neuropsychological and neuroanatomical changes that occur over the first 2–3 years of illness in patients with first-episode schizophrenia. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry 32, 531–538.Google Scholar
Zipursky, RB, Reilly, TJ, Murray, RM (2012). The myth of schizophrenia as a progressive brain disease. Schizophrenia Bulletin 39, 1363–1372.Google Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Rosa Supplementary Material

Supplementary Material

Download Rosa Supplementary Material(File)
File 62.5 KB
Supplementary material: File

Rosa Supplementary Material

Supplementary Material

Download Rosa Supplementary Material(File)
File 28.7 KB