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Trait and facet-level predictors of first-onset depressive and anxiety disorders in a community sample of adolescent girls

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 September 2017

Brandon L. Goldstein ,
Roman Kotov ,
Greg Perlman ,
David Watson  and
Daniel N. Klein
Brandon L. Goldstein*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
Roman Kotov
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
Greg Perlman
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
David Watson
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
Daniel N. Klein
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Brandon L. Goldstein, E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Background

Individual differences in neuroticism, extraversion, and conscientiousness are associated with, and may predict onset of, internalizing disorders. These general traits can be parsed into facets, but there is a surprising paucity of research on facet risk for internalizing disorders. We examined general traits and facets of neuroticism, extraversion, and conscientiousness in predicting first onsets of depressive and anxiety disorders.

Methods

A community sample of 550 adolescent females completed general and facet-level personality measures and diagnostic interviews. Interviews were re-administered 18 months later.

Results

First onsets of depressive disorders were predicted by neuroticism, extraversion, and conscientiousness. Facets predicting first onset of depression included depressivity (neuroticism facet) and lower positive emotionality and sociability (extraversion facets). First onsets of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) were predicted by neuroticism, and particularly the facet of anxiousness. First onsets of social phobia were predicted at the facet level by anxiousness. First onsets of specific phobia were predicted by neuroticism, low conscientiousness, and all neuroticism facets. In multivariate analyses, first onsets of depression were uniquely predicted by depressivity, and onsets of GAD and social phobia were uniquely predicted by anxiousness over and above the general trait of neuroticism.

Conclusions

General traits predict first onsets of depressive and anxiety disorders. In addition, more specific associations are evident at the facet level. Facets can refine our understanding of the links between personality and psychopathology risk, and provide finer-grained targets for personality-informed interventions.

Keywords

Anxietydepressionfacetfirst onsetpersonalityvulnerability
Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 48 , Issue 8 , June 2018 , pp. 1282 - 1290
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

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