Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-v9fdk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-05T03:01:34.443Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Some biochemical findings during pregnancy and after delivery in relation to mood change

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2009

C. Barbara Ballinger*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, and Dundee Psychiatric Services
David S. G. Kay
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, and Dundee Psychiatric Services
Graham J. Naylor
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, and Dundee Psychiatric Services
Anne H. W. Smith
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, and Dundee Psychiatric Services
*
1Address for correspondence: Dr C. B. Ballinger, Department of Psychiatry, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee.

Synopsis

Thirty-four women who had vaginal deliveries of live infants completed behavioural ratings and supplied blood and 24-hour urine samples on three occasions during pregnancy and on three occasions after delivery. Approximately one third of the women indicated a distinct upswing in mood between Days 2 and 4 following delivery. These ‘positive mood change’ subjects showed changes in urinary cyclic AMP (adenosine 3′5′ cyclic monophosphate), plasma cyclic AMP, whole blood cell cyclic AMP, whole blood cell ATP (adenosine triphosphate), haematocrit and urinary 11 OHCS (11-hydroxycortisol steroids) following delivery which were different from those observed in the rest of the subjects and comparable with the biochemical changes described during upswings in mood in short-cycle manic-depressive subjects. There was also an indication that the women showing this upswing in mood following delivery were distinct in some respects on both behavioural ratings and biochemical findings during pregnancy.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1982

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Abdulla, Y. H. & Hamadah, K. (1970). 3′5′ cyclic adenosine monophosate in depression and mania. Lancet i, 378381.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Adam, H. V. (1962). In Methods of Enzymatic Analysis (ed. Bergmeyer, H. U.). Verlag Chemie: Weilheim.Google Scholar
Ballinger, C. B., Buckley, D. E., Naylor, G. J. & Stansfield, D. A. (1979). Emotional disturbance following childbirth: clinical findings and urinary excretion of cylic AMP (adenosine 3′5′ cyclic monophosphate). Psychological Medicine 9, 293300.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bonsnes, R. W. & Taussky, H. H. (1945). On the colorimetric determination of creatinine by the Jaffe reaction. Journal of Biological Chemistry 158, 581591.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Broadus, A. E. (1977). Clinical cyclic nucleotide research. In Advances in Cyclic Nucleotide Research, vol. 8 (ed. Greengard, P. and Robison, G. A.), pp. 509548. Raven Press: New York.Google Scholar
Brown, B. L., Albano, J. D. M., Ekins, R. P., Sgherzi, A. M. & Tampion, W. (1971). A simple and sensitive saturation assay method for the measurement of adenosine 3′5′ cyclic monophosphate. Biochemical Journal 121, 561562.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Buckley, D. E., Naylor, G. J., Stansfield, D. A. & Brown, R. A. (1980). Cyclic AMP levels in blood cells from a short-cycle manic-depressive subject. British Journal of Psychiatry 136, 584590.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cook, J. G. H. (1971). Creatinine assay in the presence of protein. Clinica Chimica Acta 32, 485486.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dewhurst, C. J. (1972). Integrated Obstetrics and Gynaecology for Postgraduates. Blackwell: Oxford.Google Scholar
Fawcett, J. A. & Bunney, W. E. (1967). Pituitary and adrenal function in depression. Archives of General Psychiatry 16, 517535.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Grundy, P. F. & Roberts, C. J. (1975). Observations on the epidemiology of post partum mental illness. Psychological Medicine 5, 286290.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Handley, S. L., Dunn, T. L., Baker, J. M., Cockshott, C. & Gould, S. (1977). Mood changes in puerperium and plasma tryptophan and cortisol concentrations. British Medical Journal ii, 1822.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Handley, S. L., Dunn, T. L., Waldron, G. & Baker, J. M. (1980). Trytophan. cortisol and puerperal mood. British Journal of Psychiatry 136, 498508.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hansen, O. (1972). Blood nucleotide and nucleoside studies in mental diseases. British Journal of Psychiatry 121, 341350.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hullin, R. P., Bailey, A. D., McDonald, R., Dransfield, G. A. & Milne, H. B. (1967). Variations in 11-hydroxy-corticosteriods in depression and manic-depressive psychosis. British Journal of Psychiatry 113, 593600.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jenner, F. A., Vlissides, D. N., Kenyon, P., Chard, N. & Grant, L. (1975). Whole blood adenosine triphosphate and mood. British Journal of Psychiatry 127, 478481.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kadrmas, A., Winokur, G. & Crowe, R. (1979). Post partum mania. British Journal of Psychiatry 135, 551554.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacDonald, H. N., Good, W. & Stone, J. (1974). Changes in common plasma solute levels during labour and the puerperium. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Commonwealth 81, 888894.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marsh, J. M., Butcher, R. W., Savard, K. & Sutherland, E. W. (1966). The stimulatory effect of luteinizing hormone on adenosine 3′5′ monophosphate accumulation in corpus luteum slices. Journal of Biological Chemistry 241, 54365440.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mattingly, D., Dennis, P. M., Pearson, J. & Cope, C. L. (1964). Rapid screening test for adrenal corticol function. Lancet ii, 10461049.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Naylor, G. J., Stansfield, D. A., Whyte, S. F. & Hutchinson, F. (1974). Urinary excretion of adenosine 3′5′ cyclic monophosphate in depressive illness. British Journal of Psychiatry 125, 275279.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Naylor, G. J., Buckley, D., Reid, A. H. & Stansfield, D. A. (1975). Whole blood cyclic AMP levels in a short cycle manic depressive. IRCS Medical Science: Metabolism and Nutrition. Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology 3, 278.Google Scholar
Naylor, G. J., Reid, A. H., Dick, D. A. T. & Dick, E. G. (1976 a). A biochemical study of short cycle manic depressive illness in mental defectives. British Journal of Psychiatry 128, 169180.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Naylor, G. J., Worrall, E. P., Peet, M. & Dick, P. (1976 b). Whole blood adenosine triphosphate in manic depressive illness. British Journal of Psychiatry 129, 233235.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nott, P., Franklin, M., Armitage, C. & Gelder, M. G. (1976). Hormonal changes and mood in the puerperium. British Journal of Psychiatry 128, 379383.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Paffenberger, R. S. (1964). Epidemiological aspects of parapartum mental illness. British Journal of Preventive and Social Medicine 18, 189195.Google Scholar
Paul, M. I., Ditzion, B. R., Pauk, G. L. & Janowsky, D. S. (1970). Urinary adenosine 3′5′ monophosphate excretion in affective disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry 126, 14931497.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Paul, M. I., Cramer, H. & Bunney, W. E. (1971). Urinary adenosine 3′5′ monophosphate in the switch process from depression to mania. Science 171, 300303.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Robin, A. A. (1962). The psychological changes of normal parturition. Psychiatric Quarterly 36, 129150.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sachar, E. J., Hellman, L., Roffwarg, H. P., Halpern, F. S., Fukushima, D. K. & Gallagher, T. F. (1973). Disrupted 24 hour patterns of cortisol secretion in psychotic depression. Archives of General Psychiatry 28, 1924.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Snaith, R. P., Ahmed, S. N., Mehta, S. & Hamilton, M. (1971). Assessment of the severity of primary depressive illness. Psychological Medicine 1, 143149.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stein, G., Milton, F., Bebbington, P., Wood, K. & Coppen, A. (1976). Relationship between mood disturbances and free and total plasma tryptophan in post partum women. British Medical Journal ii. 457.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zuckerman, M. & Lubin, B. (1965). Manual for the Multiple Affect Adjective Check List. Educational and Industrial Testing Service: San Diego, California.Google Scholar