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Smoking cessation is associated with lower rates of mood/anxiety and alcohol use disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 February 2014

P. A. Cavazos-Rehg ,
N. Breslau ,
D. Hatsukami ,
M. J. Krauss ,
E. L. Spitznagel ,
R. A. Grucza ,
P. Salyer ,
S. M. Hartz  and
L. J. Bierut
P. A. Cavazos-Rehg*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
N. Breslau
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
D. Hatsukami
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
M. J. Krauss
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
E. L. Spitznagel
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
R. A. Grucza
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
P. Salyer
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
S. M. Hartz
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
L. J. Bierut
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
*
* Address for correspondence: P. A. Cavazos-Rehg, Ph.D., Campus Box 8134, Department of Psychiatry, 660 South Euclid, St Louis, MO 63110, USA. (Email: [email protected])
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Abstract

Background

The psychological outcomes that accompany smoking cessation are not yet conclusive but positive outcomes could help to persuade quitting.

Method

We used data from the longitudinal National Epidemiological Study of Alcohol and Related Conditions. Logistic regression was used to examine associations between cigarette smoking reduction and Wave 2 status of addiction/mental health disorder among daily smokers at Wave 1, stratified by status of the diagnosis of interest at Wave 1. We adjusted for differences in baseline covariates between smokers with different levels of smoking reduction between Wave 1 and Wave 2 using propensity score regression adjustment.

Results

After adjusting for propensity scores and other mental health/addiction co-morbidities at Wave 2, among daily smokers who had current or lifetime history diagnosis of the outcome of interest at Wave 1, quitting by Wave 2 predicted a decreased risk of mood/anxiety disorder [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.4–0.9] and alcohol disorder (aOR 0.7, 95% CI 0.5–0.99) at Wave 2. Among daily smokers with no lifetime history diagnosis of the outcome of interest at Wave 1, quitting smoking by Wave 2 predicted a decreased risk of drug use disorder at Wave 2 (aOR 0.3, 95% CI 0.1–0.9).

Conclusions

There is no support in our data for the concern that smoking cessation would result in smokers' increased risk of some mental disorders. To the contrary, our data suggest that smoking cessation is associated with risk reduction for mood/anxiety or alcohol use disorder, even among smokers who have had a pre-existing disorder.

Keywords

Cessationlongitudinal datamental healthpsychiatrysmokingsubstance use disorders
Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 44 , Issue 12 , September 2014 , pp. 2523 - 2535
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2014 

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