Hostname: page-component-745bb68f8f-lrblm Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-01-10T22:38:14.842Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Self-monitoring in speech production: effects of verbal hallucinations and negative symptoms

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2009

I. Leudar ,
P. Thomas  and
M. Johnston
I. Leudar*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology and Department of Education, University of Manchester; Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Wales College of Medicine
P. Thomas
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology and Department of Education, University of Manchester; Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Wales College of Medicine
M. Johnston
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology and Department of Education, University of Manchester; Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Wales College of Medicine
*
1Address for correspondence: Dr Ivan Leudar, Department of Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Synopsis

This paper reports results of a study on self-monitoring in speech production. Thirty schizophrenics, varying in verbal hallucination and in negative symptoms status, and 17 controls were tested on the reporter test. The position of interruptions of the speech-flow to repair errors was used to indicate whether the detection of the errors was through monitoring of internal phonetic plans or through external acoustic feedback. We have found that the internal error detection was twice as frequent in controls as in schizophrenics. The relevance of this finding to Frith's (1992) model of schizophrenia is discussed. Our conclusion is that the problem with internal monitoring of phonetic plans is common to all schizophrenics, and not just to those with verbal hallucinations.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 24 , Issue 3 , August 1994 , pp. 749 - 761
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1994

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Allen, J. F. (1989). Planning and Language. MIT Press: Cambridge, Mass.Google Scholar
Andreasen, N. C. (1979). Thought, language and communication disorders: II. Diagnostic Significance. Archives of General Psychiatry 36, 1325–1330.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Andreasen, N. C. (1981). Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS). University of Iowa: Iowa City.Google Scholar
Andreasen, N. C., Hoffman, R. E. & Grove, W. (1984). Language abnormalities in schizophrenia. In New Perspectives in Schizophrenia (ed. Seeman, M. and Menuck-Heath, M.), pp. 67–86. D. C. Heath: Lexington, MA.Google Scholar
Appelt, D. E. (1985). Planning English Sentences. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bentall, R. P. (ed.) (1990). Reconstructing Schizophrenia. Routledge: London.Google Scholar
Bentall, R. P. & Slade, P. D. (1985). Reality testing and auditory hallucinations: a signal detection hypothesis. British Journal of Clinical Psychology 24, 159–169.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Butterworth, B. (1981). Speech errors: Old data in search of new theories. Linguistics 19, 627–662.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chapman, J. (1966). The early symptoms of schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry 12, 225–251.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cohen, J. (1960). A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales. Educational and Psychological Measurement 20, 37–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Renzi, E. & Vignolo, L. A. (1962). The token test: a sensitive test to detect receptive disturbances in aphasics. Brain 85, 665–678.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fikes, R. E. & Nilsson, N. J. (1971). STRIPS: A new approach to the application of theorem proving to problem solving. Artificial Intelligence 2, 189–208.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frith, C. D. (1987). The positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia reflect impairments in the perception and initiation of actions. Psychological Medicine 17, 631–648.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frith, C. (1992). The Cognitive Neuropsychology of Schizophrenia. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates: London.Google Scholar
Frith, C. D. & Done, D. J. (1988). Towards a neuropsychology of schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry 153, 437–443.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Frith, C. D. & Done, D. J. (1989). Experiences of alien control in schizophrenia reflect a disorder in central monitoring of action. Psychological Medicine 13, 359–363.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goldberg, G. (1985). Supplementary motor area structure and function: review and hypotheses. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 8, 567–616.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goldman-Eisler, F. (1968). Psycholinguistics: Experiments in Spontaneous Speech. Academic Press: New York.Google Scholar
Hoffman, R. E. (1986 a). Tree structure, the work of listening, and schizophrenic discourse: A reply to Beveridge and Brown. Brain and Language 27, 385–392.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hoffman, R. E. (1986 b). Verbal hallucinations and language production processes in schizophrenia. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 9, 503–548.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Horowitz, M. (1975). Hallucination: an information processing approach. In Hallucinations: Behaviour, Experience and Theory (ed. Diegel, R. K. and West, L. J.), pp. 91–122. Wiley: New York.Google Scholar
Howel, P. & Young, K. (1991). The use of prosody in highlighting alterations in repairs from unrestricted speech. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 43, 733–758.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kass, W. (1968). The experience of spontaneous hallucination. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic 32, 67–85.Google ScholarPubMed
Lackner, J. R. & Tuller, B. H. (1979). Role of efference monitoring in the detection of self-produced speech errors. In Sentence Processing: Psycholinguistic Studies Presented to Merrill Garrett (ed. Cooper, W. E. and Walker, E. C. T.), pp. 27–41. Lawrence Erlbaum: Hillsdale, NJ.Google Scholar
Laver, J. D. M. (1980). Monitoring systems in the neurolinguistic control of speech production. In Errors in Linguistic Performance: Slips of the Tongue, Ear, Pen and Hand (ed. Fromkin, V. A.), pp. 287–305. Academic Press: New York.Google Scholar
Leudar, I., Thomas, P. & Johnston, M. (1992). Self-repair in dialogues of schizophrenics: effects of hallucinations and negative symptoms. Brain and Language 43, 487–511.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Levelt, W. J. M. (1989). Speaking. From Intention to Articulation. MIT Press: Cambridge, Mass.Google Scholar
MacKay, D. (1987). The Organization of Perception and Action: A Theory for Language and Other Cognitive Skills. Springer Verlag: New York.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Malenka, R. C., Angel, R. W., Hampton, B. & Berger, P. A. (1982). Impaired central error correcting behaviour in schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry 39, 101–107.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Montague, L., Tantam, D., Newby, D., Thomas, P. & Ring, N. (1989). The incidence of negative symptoms in early schizophrenia, mania and other psychoses. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 79, 613–618.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Motley, M. T., Camden, C. T. & Baars, B. J. (1982). Covert formulation and editing of anomalies in speech production: evidence from experimentally elicited slips of the tongue. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behaviour 21, 578–594.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sacerdotti, E. D. (1977). A Structure for Plans and Behaviour. Elsevier North-Holland: Amsterdam.Google Scholar
Sacks, H., Schegloff, E. & Jefferson, G. (1974). A simplest systematics for the organization of turn-taking in conversation. Language 50, 696–735.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schegloff, E. A., Jefferson, G. & Sacks, H. (1977). The preference for self-correction in the organization of repair in conversation. Language 53, 361–382.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Searle, J. R. (1983). Intentionality. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spitzer, R., Edicott, J. & Robins, E. (1975). Research Diagnostic Criteria. Instrument Number 58. New York State Psychiatric Institute: New York.Google Scholar
Suchman, L. A. (1987). Plans and Situated Actions. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge.Google Scholar
Thomas, P., Leudar, I., Newby, D. & Johnstone, M. (1993). Synaptic processing and written language output in first onset psychosis. Journal of Communicative Disorders 27, 209–230.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilensky, R. (1983). Planning and Understanding. Addison-Wesley: Reading, Mass.Google Scholar
Wilkins, D. (1988). Practical Planning. Extending the Classical AI Planning Paradigm. Morgan Kaufman: San Mateo, Cal.Google Scholar
Wing, J. K., Cooper, J. E. & Sartorius, N. (1974). The Measurement and Classification of Psychiatric Symptoms. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge.Google Scholar
Winograd, T. & Flores, F. (1986). Understanding Computers and Cognition. Ablex: Norwood, NJ.Google Scholar