Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7fkt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T17:15:44.050Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Selective memory loss and global intellectual deficits in alcoholic Korsakoff's syndrome

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2009

R. R. Jacobson
Affiliation:
Institute of Psychiatry, London
W. A. Lishman*
Affiliation:
Institute of Psychiatry, London
*
1Address for correspondence: Professor W. A. Lishman, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF.

Synopsis

The principle of distinguishing between selective memory deterioration and global intellectual decline has been applied to 38 patients with alcoholic Korsakoff's syndrome. Indices were developed for each type of deficit and their distributions explored. Considerable variation was seen in both parameters, the transition from pure memory loss to global intellectual deficits appearing to be gradual. Differences were found in the sex and CT scan associations of the indices. The implications of the distinction for future research are discussed.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1987

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Acker, C. (1986). Neuropsychological deficits in alcoholics: the relative contributions of gender and drinking history. British Journal of Addiction 81, 395403.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Baldy, R. E., Brindley, G. S., Ewusi-Mensah, I., Jacobson, R. R., Reveley, M. A., Turner, S. W. & Lishman, W. A. (1986). A fully-automated computer-assisted method of CT brain scan analysis for the measurement of cerebrospinal fluid spaces and brain absorption density. Neuroradiology 28, 109117.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Butters, N. (1984). Alcoholic Korsakoff's syndrome: an update. Seminars in Neurology 4, 229247.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Butters, N. & Cermak, L. S. (1980). Alcoholic Korsakoff's Syndrome. An information-processing approach to amnesia. Academic Press: London.Google Scholar
Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Co-efficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika 16, 297334.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cutting, J. (1978). The relationship between Korsakov's syndrome and ‘alcoholic dementia’. British Journal of Psychiatry 132, 240251.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eckardt, M. J. & Martin, P. R. (1986). Clinical assessment of cognition in alcoholism. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research 10, 123127.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Korsakoff, S. S. (1887). Disturbance of psychic function in alcoholic paralysis and its relation to the disturbance of the psychic sphere in multiple neuritis of non-alcoholic origin. Vestnik Psichiatrli, Vol. IV, fasicle 2. Quoted by M. Victor, R. D. Adams and G. H. Collins (1971) In: The Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome, p. 4. Blackwell Scientific Publications: Oxford.Google Scholar
Lishman, W. A. (1981). Cerebral disorder in alcoholism. Syndromes of impairment. Brain 104, 120.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lishman, W. A. (1986). Alcholic dementia: a hypothesis. Lancet i, 11841186.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nelson, H. E. & O'Connell, A. (1978). Dementia: the estimation of premorbid intelligence using the New Adult Reading Test. Cortex 14, 234244.Google Scholar
Parsons, O. A. & Leber, W. R. (1982). Alcohol, cognitive dysfunction, and brain damage. In: Alcohol and Health, pp. 213253. Monograph No. 2. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism: USGPO.Google Scholar
Prigatano, G. (1978). Wechsler Memory Scale: a selective review of the literature. Journal of Clinical Psychology 34, 816832.3.0.CO;2-Q>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ron, M. A. (1983). The alcoholic brain: CT scan and psychological findings. Psychological Medicine Monograph Supplement 3.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ron, M. A., Acker, W., Shaw, G. K. & Lishman, W. A. (1982). Computerised tomography of the brain in chronic alcoholism. A survey and follow-up study. Brain 105, 497514.Google Scholar
Torvik, A., Lindboe, C. F. & Rogde, S. (1982). Brain lesions in alcoholics. A neuropathological study with clinical correlations. Journal of Neurological Sciences 56, 233248.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Warrington, E. K. (1984). Recognition Memory Test. NFER–Nelson: Windsor.Google Scholar
Wechsler, D. (1945). The Wechsler Memory Scale. Journal of Psychology 19, 8795.Google Scholar
Zangwill, O. L. (1966). The amnesic syndrome. In Amnesia (ed. Whitty, C. W. M. and Zangwill, O. L.), pp. 7791. Butterworths: London.Google Scholar