Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-8ctnn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T01:05:06.392Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

‘Secondary’ affective disorder: a study of 95 cases1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2009

Samuel B. Guze ,
Robert A. Woodruff  and
Paula J. Clayton
Samuel B. Guze
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A.
Robert A. Woodruff
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A.
Paula J. Clayton
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Synopsis

Patients with ‘secondary’ affective disorder differ from those with ‘primary’ affective disorder in that there are additional symptoms of their pre-existing illness among the former. Hysteria, anxiety neurosis, antisocial personality, alcoholism, and drug dependency are the psychiatric conditions most frequently associated with ‘secondary’ affective disorders. There are other differences which may also be related to the presence of pre-existing illness. These differences include the findings that patients with ‘secondary’ affective disorder are younger, more often male, and are rarely manic; they suggest that it is appropriate to distinguish between ‘primary’ and ‘secondary’ affective disorder for research purposes.

Type
Preliminary Communication
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 1 , Issue 5 , November 1971 , pp. 426 - 428
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1971

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Guze, S. B., Goodwin, D. W., and Crane, J. B. (1969). Criminality and psychiatric disorders. Archives of General Psychiatry, 20, 583–591.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jellinek, E. M. (1960). The Disease Concept of Alcoholism. Hillhouse Press: New Haven.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Langfeldt, G. (1956). The prognosis in schizophrenia. Acta Psychiatrica et Neurologica Scandinavica, Supplement, p. 110.Google Scholar
Perley, M., and Guze, S. B. (1962). Hysteria—the stability and usefulness of clinical criteria. A quantitative study based on a follow-up period of six to eight years in 39 patients. New England Journal of Medicine, 266, 421–426.Google Scholar
Perris, C. (editor). (1966). A study of bipolar (manic-depressive) and unipolar recurrent depressive psychoses. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, Supplement, p. 194.Google ScholarPubMed
Pollitt, J. (1957). Natural history of obsessional slates. A study of 150 cases. British Medical Journal, 1, 194–198.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Purtell, J. J., Robins, E., and Cohen, M. E. (1951). Observations on clinical aspects of hysteria. A quantitative study of 50 hysteria patients and 156 control subjects. Journal of the American Medical Association, 146, 902–909.Google Scholar
Robins, E., and Guze, S. B. (1971). Classification of affective disorders: the primary-secondary, the endogenous-reactive, and the neurotic-psychotic concepts. In Recent Advances in the Psychobiology of the Depressive Illness. Edited by Williams, T. A., Katz, M. M., and Shield, J. A.. NIMH monograph. (In press.)Google Scholar
Wheeler, E. O., White, P. D., Reed, E. W., and Cohen, M. E. (1950). Neurocirculatory asthenia (anxiety neurosis, effort syndrome, neurasthenia). A twenty year follow-up study of 173 patients. Journal of the American Medical Association, 142, 878–888.Google Scholar
Winokur, G., Clayton, P. J., and Reich, T. (1969). Manic Depressive Illness. Mosby: St. Louis.Google Scholar
Woodruff, R. A., Guze, S. B., and Clayton, P. J. (1971). Unipolar and bipolar primary affective disorder. British Journal of Psychiatry, 119, 33–38.Google Scholar
Woodruff, R. A. Jr, Murphy, G. E., and Herjanic, M. (1967). The natural history of affective disorders–l. Symptoms of 72 patients at the time of index hospital admission. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 5, 255–263.Google Scholar