Hostname: page-component-745bb68f8f-f46jp Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-01-08T22:36:04.932Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The relationship of partial syndrome eating disorders to anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2009

I. F. Dancyger  and
P. E. Garfinkel
I. F. Dancyger*
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Psychology, Ontario Institute of Studies in Education and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
P. E. Garfinkel
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Psychology, Ontario Institute of Studies in Education and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
*
2Address for correspondence: Dr Ida F. Dancyger, Department of Psychology, New York Hospital–Cornell Medical Center, Westchester Division, 21 Bloomingdale Road, White Plains, NY 10605, USA.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Synopsis

A variety of sociocultural, familial and individual features associated with the eating disorders were examined in subjects with full syndrome (FS) and partial syndrome (PS) eating disorders and in normal high school students. The EAT-26 was administered to 995 high school students. This was followed by individual interviews with those who scored in the symptomatic range. Fifty-one students with PS eating disorders, 57 students without eating disorders (normal controls) and 30 hospital patients with FS, anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa were compared on subscales of the Eating Disorder Inventory, the Diagnostic Survey for Eating Disorders and the Beck Depression Inventory. The three groups displayed statistically significant differences on dimensions of EDI subscales Ineffectiveness and Interoceptive Awareness and also with respect to depression, history of being overweight and past history of emotional problems, as well as having mothers with medical illnesses. On these characteristics, the FS subjects displayed higher levels than the PS subjects, who in turn were higher than the NC subjects. The PS subjects displayed elevations on Body Dissatisfaction (EDI subscale), past medical illnesses, and mother's over-concern with eating and weight. These data support a continuum model of the eating disorders, but a continuum of multiple associated features rather than of dieting.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 25 , Issue 5 , September 1995 , pp. 1019 - 1025
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1995

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

1

Part of this paper was presented in a poster session by I. F. D. at the International Conference on Eating Disorders, New York, USA on 24–26 April 1992.

References

American Psychiatric Association (1987). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3rd edn. -Revised. APA: Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Attie, E. & Brooks-Gunn, J. (1989). Development of eating problems in adolescent girls: a longitudinal study. Developmental Psychology 25, 70–79.Google Scholar
Beck, A. T., Ward, C., Mendelson, M., Mock, J. E. & Erbaugh, J. (1991). An inventory for measuring depression. Archives of General Psychiatry 4, 561–571.Google Scholar
Berkman, J. M. (1948). Anorexia nervosa, anterior-pituitary insufficiency, Simmonds' cachexia, and Sheehan's disease, including some observations on disturbances in water metabolism associated with starvation. Postgraduate Medicine 3, 237–246.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Blishen, B. R. & McRoberts, H. A. (1976). A revised socioeconomic index for occupations in Canada. Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology 13, 71–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bruch, H. (1973). Eating Disorders: Obesity, Anorexia Nervosa and the Person Within. Basic Books: New York.Google Scholar
Bunnell, D. W., Shenker, I. R., Nussbaum, M. P., Jacobson, M. S. & Cooper, P. (1990). Subclinical versus formal eating disorders: differential psychological features. International Journal of Eating Disorders 9, 357–362.3.0.CO;2-Z>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Button, E. J. & Whitehouse, A. (1981). Subclinical anorexia nervosa. Psychological Medicine 11, 509–516.Google Scholar
Cooper, Z. & Fairburn, C. G. (1987). The eating disorder examination: a semistructured interview for the assessment of the specific psychopathology of eating disorders. International Journal of Eating Disorders 6, 1–8.3.0.CO;2-9>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crisp, A. H. (1980). Anorexia Nervosa: Let Me Be. Academic Press: London.Google Scholar
Crisp, A. H., Palmer, R. L. & Kalucy, R. S. (1976). How common is anorexia nervosa? A prevalence study. British Journal of Psychiatry 128, 549–554.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crowther, J. H., Post, G. & Zaynor, L. (1985). The prevalence of bulimia and binge eating in adolescent girls. International Journal of Eating Disorders 4, 29–42.3.0.CO;2-H>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fairburn, C. G. & Beiglen, S. J. (1990). Studies of the epidemiology of bulimia nervosa. American Journal of Psychiatry 147, 401–408.Google ScholarPubMed
Fries, H. (1977). Studies on secondary amenorrhea, anorectic behavior and body image perception: importance for the early recognition of anorexia nervosa. In Anorexia Nervosa (ed. Vigersky, R.), pp. 163–176. Raven Press: New York.Google Scholar
Garfinkel, P. E., Goldbloom, D., Garner, D., Davis, R., Olmsted, M. & Halmi, K. (1992). Body dissatisfaction in bulimia nervosa: relationship to weight and shape concerns and psychological functioning. International Journal of Eating Disorders 11, 151–161.3.0.CO;2-Z>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garfinkel, P. E., Lin, B., Goering, P., Spegg, C., Goldbloom, D., Kennedy, S., Kaplan, A. & Woodside, B. (1995). Bulimia nervosa in a Canadian community sample: prevalence, co-morbidity, early experiences and psychosocial functioning. American Journal of Psychiatry 152, 1052–1058.Google Scholar
Garner, D. M. & Garfinkel, P. E. (1979). The Eating Attitudes Test: an index of the symptoms of anorexia nervosa. Psychological Medicine 9, 273–279.Google Scholar
Garner, D. M., Olmsted, M. P., Bohr, Y. & Garfinkel, P. E. (1982). The Eating Attitudes Test: psychometric features and clinical correlates. Psychological Medicine 12, 871–878.Google Scholar
Garner, D. M., Olmsted, M. P. & Polivy, J. (1983 a). Development and validation of a multidimensional eating disorder inventory for anorexia nervosa and bulimia. International Journal of Eating Disorders 2, (2) 15–34.3.0.CO;2-6>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garner, D. M., Olmsted, M. P. & Garfinkel, P. E. (1983 b). Does anorexia nervosa occur on a continuum? International Journal of Eating Disorders 2, (4) 11–20.Google Scholar
Garner, D. M., Garfinkel, P. E., Rockert, W. & Olmsted, M. P. (1987). A prospective study of eating disturbances in the ballet. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics 48, 170–175.Google Scholar
Gibbs, R. E. (1986). Social factors in exaggerated eating behaviour among high school students. International Journal of Eating Disorders 5, 1103–1107.Google Scholar
Hall, A., Leebrich, J., Walkey, F. H. & Welch, G. (1986). Investigation of ‘weight pathology’ of 58 mothers of anorexia nervosa patients and 204 mothers of schoolgirls. Psychological Medicine 16, 71–76.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Health and Welfare Canada (1954). Canadian average weights for height, age and sex. Nutrition Division of the Department of Health and Welfare: Canada.Google Scholar
Hoek, H. W. (1993). Review of the epidemiological studies of eating disorders. International Review of Psychiatry 5, 61–74.Google Scholar
Johnson, C. (1985). Initial consultation for patients with bulimia and anorexia nervosa. In Handbook of Psychotherapy for Anorexia and Bulimia (ed. Garner, D. M. & Garfinkel, P. E.), pp. 19–51. Guilford Press: New York.Google Scholar
Johnson, C., Lewis, C., Love, S., Lewis, L. & Stuckey, M. (1984). Incidence and correlates of bulimic behavior in a female high school population. Journal of Youth and Adolescence 13, 15–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kalucy, R., Crisp, A. & Harding, B. (1977). A study of 56 families with anorexia nervosa. British Journal of Medical Psychology 50, 381–395.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kaplan, A. & Garfinkel, P. E. (1993). Medical Issues and the Eating Disorders. Brunner/Mazel: New York.Google Scholar
Kendler, K. S., MacLean, C., Neale, M., Kessler, R., Heath, A. & Eaves, L. (1991). The genetic epidemiology of bulimia nervosa. American Journal of Psychiatry 148, 1627–1637.Google ScholarPubMed
Leon, G. R., Perry, C. L., Mangelsdorf, C. & Tell, G. J. (1989). Adolescent nutritional and psychological patterns and risk for the development of an eating disorder. Journal of Youth and Adolescence 18, 273–282.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Loeb, L. (1964). The clinical course of anorexia nervosa. Psychosomatics 5, 345–347.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lowenkopf, E. L. (1982). Anorexia nervosa: some nosological considerations. Comprehensive Psychiatry 23, 233–240.Google Scholar
Mann, A. H., Wood, W. K., Monck, E., Dobbs, R. & Szmukler, G. (1983). Screening for abnormal eating attitudes and psychiatric morbidity in an unselected population of 15-year-old schoolgirls. Psychological Medicine 13, 573–580.Google Scholar
Mintz, L. B. & Betz, N. E. (1988). Prevalence and correlates of eating disordered behaviors among undergraduate women. Journal of Counselling Psychology 35, 463–471.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nylander, I. (1971). The feeling of being fat and dieting in a school population: an epidemiologic interview investigation. Acta Sociomedica Scandinavica 3, 17–26.Google Scholar
Pike, K. M. & Rodin, J. (1991). Mothers, daughters and disordered eating. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 100, 198–204.Google Scholar
Rodin, J., Silberstein, L. R. & Striegel-Moore, R. H. (1985). Women and weight: a normative discontent. In Nebraska Symposium on Motivation: Vol. 32. Psychology and Gender (ed. Sonderegger, T. B.), pp. 267–307. University of Nebraska Press: Lincoln, Nebraska.Google Scholar
Russell, J. A. O. (1972). Psychological aspects of weight loss and amenorrhea in adolescent girls.Proceedings from III International Congress of Psychosomatic Medicine in Obstetrics and Gynecology, pp. 593–595. Karger: Basel.Google Scholar
Striegel-Moore, R., Silberstein, L. R., Frensch, P. & Rodin, J. (1989). A prospective study of disordered eating among college students. International Journal of Eating Disorders 8, 499–509.Google Scholar
Tukey, J. W. (1949). Comparing individual means in the analysis of variance. Biometrics 5, 99–114.Google Scholar
Tukey, J. W. (1977). Exploratory Data Analysis. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company: Reading, Mass.Google Scholar