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Relationship of monoamine oxidase A binding to adaptive and maladaptive personality traits

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 September 2010

A. Soliman ,
R. M. Bagby ,
A. A. Wilson ,
L. Miler ,
M. Clark ,
P. Rusjan ,
J. Sacher ,
S. Houle  and
J. H. Meyer
A. Soliman
Affiliation:
Vivian M. Rakoff PET Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada Mood and Anxiety Disorders Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
R. M. Bagby
Affiliation:
Clinical Research Department, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
A. A. Wilson
Affiliation:
Vivian M. Rakoff PET Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
L. Miler
Affiliation:
Vivian M. Rakoff PET Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
M. Clark
Affiliation:
Vivian M. Rakoff PET Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
P. Rusjan
Affiliation:
Vivian M. Rakoff PET Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
J. Sacher
Affiliation:
Vivian M. Rakoff PET Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada Mood and Anxiety Disorders Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada Max-Planck-Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
S. Houle
Affiliation:
Vivian M. Rakoff PET Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
J. H. Meyer*
Affiliation:
Vivian M. Rakoff PET Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada Mood and Anxiety Disorders Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
*
*Address for correspondence: Dr J. H. Meyer, College Street Site, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, PET Centre, 250 College St, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5T 1R8. (Email: [email protected])
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Abstract

Background

Monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) is an important enzyme that metabolizes monoamines such as serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain. In prefrontal cortex, low MAOA binding is associated with aggression and high binding is associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) and also risk for recurrence of depressive episodes. In rodent models, low MAOA levels are associated with increased aggression and fear conditioning, and decreased social and exploratory investigative behaviors. Our objective was to measure MAOA binding in prefrontal cortex and concurrently evaluate a broad range of validated personality traits. We hypothesized that prefrontal MAOA binding would correlate negatively with angry-hostility, a trait related to aggression/anger, and positively with traits intuitively related to adaptive investigative behavior.

Method

Participants were aged 19–49 years, healthy and non-smoking. MAOA binding was measured with [11C]harmine positron emission tomography (PET) in prefrontal brain regions and personality traits were measured with the NEO Personality Inventory Revised (NEO PI-R).

Results

Prefrontal MAOA binding correlated negatively with angry-hostility (r=−0.515, p=0.001) and positively with deliberation (r=0.514, p=0.001). In a two-factor regression model, these facets explained 38% of variance in prefrontal MAOA binding. A similar relationship was found in prefrontal cortex subregions.

Conclusions

We propose a new continuum describing the relationship between personality and MAOA: deliberate/thoughtful contrasting aggressive/impulsive. Additionally, the association between high MAOA binding and greater deliberation may explain why some people have moderately high levels of MAOA, although very high levels occur during MDD. In health, higher MAOA binding is associated with an adaptive personality facet.

Keywords

Angry-hostilitydeliberationMAO-ANEO-PI-Rpersonalitypositron emission tomographyserotonin
Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 41 , Issue 5 , May 2011 , pp. 1051 - 1060
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2010

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