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Prevalence of psychiatric morbidity in the adult population of a rural South African village

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2009

S. Rumble ,
L. Swartz ,
C. Parry  and
M. Zwarenstein
S. Rumble
Affiliation:
Child Guidance Clinic, University of Cape Town, the Urbanization and Health Programme, Medical Research Council, Tygerberg and Health Systems Research Division, Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa
L. Swartz*
Affiliation:
Child Guidance Clinic, University of Cape Town, the Urbanization and Health Programme, Medical Research Council, Tygerberg and Health Systems Research Division, Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa
M. Zwarenstein
Affiliation:
Child Guidance Clinic, University of Cape Town, the Urbanization and Health Programme, Medical Research Council, Tygerberg and Health Systems Research Division, Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa
*
1Address for correspondence: Dr Leslie Swartz Child Guidance Clinic. University of Cape TownChapel RoadRosebank7700South Africa.
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Synopsis

We report on the first South African two-stage community prevalence study of psychiatric morbidity, conducted in Mamre, a rural ‘coloured’2 village, 50 km from Cape Town. Randomly selected adults (N = 481) were assessed using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) as a first-stage screen and the Present State Examination (PSE-9) was administered to a proportion of the sample (N = 121) as the second-stage criterion. Demographic, health care utilization, and substance abuse data were also collected. Using the PSE-9 CATEGO Index of Definition of 5, the weighted prevalence of psychiatric morbidity was 27·1 % (confidence interval of 19·5−34·7 %), the majority of cases being given a tentative diagnosis of depressive or anxiety disorder. The CATEGO algorithm may not be fully appropriate in this cultural context as there was an apparent overdiagnosis of paranoid states. The SRQ's weighted sensitivity and specificity were 0·49 and 0·82 respectively. Overall, the SRQ correctly identified 67% of cases and non-cases. No demographic variables predicted psychiatric morbidity, but there was an indirect link between morbidity and primary care utilization. Further South African studies of the validity of both the SRQ and of criterion instruments are needed. These may contribute to knowledge regarding cultural factors affecting psychiatric diagnosis.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 26 , Issue 5 , September 1996 , pp. 997 - 1007
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1996

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