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No progressive brain changes during a 1-year follow-up of patients with first-episode psychosis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 November 2015

U. K. Haukvik ,
C. B. Hartberg ,
S. Nerland ,
K. N. Jørgensen ,
E. H. Lange ,
C. Simonsen ,
R. Nesvåg ,
A. M. Dale ,
O. A. Andreassen  and
I. Melle
...Show all authors
U. K. Haukvik*
Affiliation:
NORMENT K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway Department of Adult Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
C. B. Hartberg
Affiliation:
NORMENT K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
S. Nerland
Affiliation:
NORMENT K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
K. N. Jørgensen
Affiliation:
NORMENT K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
E. H. Lange
Affiliation:
NORMENT K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
C. Simonsen
Affiliation:
NORMENT K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway NORMENT and K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
R. Nesvåg
Affiliation:
NORMENT K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
A. M. Dale
Affiliation:
NORMENT and K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway Department of Neuroscience, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
O. A. Andreassen
Affiliation:
NORMENT K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway NORMENT and K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
I. Melle
Affiliation:
NORMENT K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway NORMENT and K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
I. Agartz
Affiliation:
NORMENT K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
*
*Address for correspondence: U. K. Haukvik, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Adult Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, PO Box 1039 Blindern, Oslo 0315, Norway. (Email: [email protected])
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Abstract

Background

First-episode psychosis (FEP) patients show structural brain abnormalities. Whether the changes are progressive or not remain under debate, and the results from longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies are mixed. We investigated if FEP patients showed a different pattern of regional brain structural change over a 1-year period compared with healthy controls, and if putative changes correlated with clinical characteristics and outcome.

Method

MRIs of 79 FEP patients [SCID-I-verified diagnoses: schizophrenia, psychotic bipolar disorder, or other psychoses, mean age 27.6 (s.d. = 7.7) years, 66% male] and 82 healthy controls [age 29.3 (s.d. = 7.2) years, 66% male] were acquired from the same 1.5 T scanner at baseline and 1-year follow-up as part of the Thematically Organized Psychosis (TOP) study, Oslo, Norway. Scans were automatically processed with the longitudinal stream in FreeSurfer that creates an unbiased within-subject template image. General linear models were used to analyse longitudinal change in a wide range of subcortical volumes and detailed thickness and surface area estimates across the entire cortex, and associations with clinical characteristics.

Results

FEP patients and controls did not differ significantly in annual percentage change in cortical thickness or area in any cortical region, or in any of the subcortical structures after adjustment for multiple comparisons. Within the FEP group, duration of untreated psychosis, age at illness onset, antipsychotic medication use and remission at follow-up were not related to longitudinal brain change.

Conclusions

We found no significant longitudinal brain changes over a 1-year period in FEP patients. Our results do not support early progressive brain changes in psychotic disorders.

Keywords

Bipolar disorderlongitudinal studiesmagnetic resonance imagingschizophrenia
Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 46 , Issue 3 , February 2016 , pp. 589 - 598
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2015 

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