Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T17:20:57.311Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Culture and schizophrenia1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2009

Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Editorials
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1975

References

Bagley, C., Jacobson, S., and Palmer, C. (1973). Social structure and the ecological distribution of mental illness, suicide, and delinquency. Psychological Medicine, 3, 177187.Google Scholar
Bash, K. W., and Bash-Liechti, J. (1972). Psychiatrische Epidemiologie in Iran. In Perspektiven der heutigen Psychiatric Ed.: Ehrhardt, H. E.. Gerhards: Frankfurt.Google Scholar
Bateson, G., Jackson, D. D., Haley, J., and Weakland, J. (1956). Toward a theory of schizophrenia. Behavioral Science, 1, 251264.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Birley, J. L. T., and Brown, G. W. (1970). Crises and life changes preceding the onset of relapse of acute schizophrenia: clinical aspects. British Journal of Psychiatry, 116, 327333.Google Scholar
Birnbaum, K. (1974). The making of a psychosis. In Themes and Variations in European Psychiatry, Pp. 197238 Edited By Hirsch, S. R. and Shepherd, M.. Wright: Bristol.Google Scholar
Bleuler, E. (1930). Quoted from Wulff, E. (1967).Google Scholar
Bloom, B. L. (1968). An ecological analysis of psychiatric hospitalizations. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 3, 423463.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Böök, J. A. (1961). Genetical etiology in mental illness. In Causes of Mental Disorders: A Review of Epidemiological Knowledge, 1959, pp. 1450. Proceedings of a round table, New York, 1959. Milbank Memorial Fund: New York.Google Scholar
Bonnaud, M. (1970). Enquâte sur la santá mentale en Polynesie française. Annales Mádico-Psychologiques, 128, 1, 375421.Google Scholar
Brown, G. W., Bone, M., Dalison, B., and Wing, J. K. (1966). Schizophrenia and Social Care. Maudsley Monogr. 17. O.U.P.: London.Google Scholar
Carpenter, E. S. (1953). Witch-fear among the Aivilik Eskimos. American Journal of Psychiatry, 110, 194199.Google Scholar
Cooper, J. E., Kendell, R. E., Gurland, B. J., Sharpe, L., Copeland, J. R. M., and Simon, R. (1972). Psychiatric Diagnosis in New York and London. Maudsley Monographs No. 20. Oxford University Press: London.Google Scholar
Crocetti, G. M., Lemkau, P. V., Kulǒar, Ž, and Kesié, B. (1971). Selected aspects of the epidemiology of psychoses in Croatia, Yugoslavia. 3. American Journal of Epidemiology, 94, 126134.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dohrenwend, B. S., and Dohrenwend, B. P. (1967). Field studies of social factors in relation to three types of psychological disorder. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 72, 369378.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dube, K. C. (1970). A study of prevalence and biosocial variables in mental illness in a rural and an urban community in Uttar Pradesh—India. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 46, 327359.Google Scholar
Eaton, J. W., and Weil, R. J. (1955). Culture and Mental Disorders. Free Press: Glencoe, Ill.Google Scholar
Enright, J. B., and Jaeckle, W. R. (1963). Psychiatric symptoms and diagnosis in two subcultures. Internationalournal of Social Psychiatry, 9, 1217.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Faris, R. E. L., and Dunham, H. W. (1939). Mental Disorders in Urban Areas. University of Chicago Press: Chicago.Google Scholar
Giel, R., and van Liujk, J. N. (1969/1970). Psychiatric morbidity in a rural village in South-Western Ethiopia. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 16, 6371.Google Scholar
Goldberg, E. M., and Morrison, S. L. (1963). Schizophrenia and social class. British Journal of Psychiatry, 109, 785.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goldhamer, H., and Marshall, A. W. (1953). Psychosis and Civilization. Free Press: Glencoe, Ill.Google Scholar
Haavio-Mannila, E., and Stenius, K. (1974). Mental Health Problems and New Ethnic Minorities in Sweden. Research Report No. 202. Institute of Sociology, University of Helsinki: Helsinki.Google Scholar
Hallowell, A. I. (1965). Hominid evolution, cultural adaptation and mental dysfunctioning. In Transcultural Psychiatry, pp. 2661. Edited by de Reuck, A. V. S. and Potter, R.. CIBA Foundation Symposium. Churchill: London.Google Scholar
Harding, T. (1973). Psychosis in a rural West African community. Social Psychiatry, 8, 198203.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hare, E. H. (1956). Mental illness and social conditions in Bristol. Journal of Mental Science, 102, 349357.Google Scholar
Hollingshead, A. B., and Redlich, F. C. (1958). Social Class and Mental Illness. Wiley: New York.Google Scholar
Inkeles, A. (1973). Six-country study on the effects of modernization. In International Collaboration in Mental Health. Edited by Brown, B. S. and Torrey, E. F.. U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare Publications No. 73–9120. Government Printing Office: Washington.Google Scholar
Jablensky, A., Temkov, I., and Boyadjieva, M. (1974). Prevalence of Mental Disorders and Patterns of Psychiatric Care in an Urban Area. (To be published.)Google Scholar
Jaspers, K. (1963). General Psychopathology, 7th edn. Manchester University Press: Manchester.Google Scholar
Juel-Nielsen, N., and Strömgren, E. (1963). Five years later. A comparison between census studies of patients in psychitric institutions in Denmark in 1957 and 1972. Acta Jutlandica, 35.Google Scholar
Katz, M. M., and Sanborn, K. O. (1973). Multiethnic studies of psychopathology and normality in Hawaii. In International Collaboration in Mental Health. Edited by Brown, B. S. and Torrey, E. F.. U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Publications No. 73–9120. Government Printing Office: Washington.Google Scholar
Kiev, A. (1972). Transcultural Psychiatry. Penguin: London.Google Scholar
Kraepelin, E. (1904). Comparative psychiatry. In Hirsch, S. R., and Shepherd, M. (eds.) (1974). Themes and Variations in European psychiatry. Wright: Bristol.Google Scholar
Krasik, E. D. (1965). The comparative epidemiology of schizophrenia in towns and in rural areas. Zhurnal Nevro patologii i psikhiatrii, 65, 608616.Google Scholar
Laing, R. D. (1967). The Politics of Experience. Penguin Harmondsworth.Google Scholar
Lambo, T. A. (1960). Further neuropsychiatric observations in Nigeria. British Medical Journal, 2, 16961704.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lambo, T. A. (1965). Schizophrenic and borderline states. In Transcultural Psychiatry, pp. 6283. Edited by de Reuck, A. V. S., and Porter, R.. CIBA Foundation Symposium Churchill: London.Google Scholar
Leighton, A. H. (1965). Cultural change and psychiatric disorder. In Transcultural Psychiatry, pp. 216235. Edited By de Reuck, A. V. S. and Porter, R.. CIBA Foundation Symposium. Churchill: London.Google Scholar
Leighton, A. H., Lambo, T. A., Hughes, C. C., Leighton, D. C., Murphy, J. M., and Macklin, D. B. (1963). Psychiatric Disorder Among the Yoruba. Cornell University Press: Ithaca, New York.Google Scholar
SirLewis, A. (1965). Chairman's opening remarks. In Transcultural Psychiatry, pp. 13. Edited by de Reuck, A. V. S. and Porter, R.. CIBA Foundation Symposium, Churchill: London.Google Scholar
Lin, T. (1959). Effects of urbanization on mental health. International Social Science Journal, 11, 2433.Google Scholar
Lin, T. (1960). Reality and Vision: A Report of the First Asian Seminar on Mental Health and Family Life. Bureau of Printing: Manila.Google Scholar
Lin, T., Rin, H., Yeh, E., Hsu, C., and Chu, H. (1969). Mental disorders in Taiwan, fifteen years later; a preliminary report. In Mental Health Research in Asia and the Pacific, pp. 6691. Edited by Caudill, W. and Lin, T.. East-West Center Press: Honolulu.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lorr, M., and Klett, C. J. (1969). Psychotic behavioral types. A cross-cultural comparison. Archives of General Psychiatry, 20, 592597.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mayer-Gross, W. (1948). Mental health survey in a rural area. A preliminary report. Eugenics Review, 40, 140148.Google Scholar
Murphy, H. B. M. (1968). Cultural factors in the genesis of schizophrenia. In Transmission of Schizophrenia, pp. 137153. Edited By Rosenthal, D. and Kety, S. S.. Pergamon Press: Oxford.Google Scholar
Murphy, H. B. M., and Raman, A. C. (1971). The chronicity of schizophrenia in indigenous tropical peoples. Results of a twelve-year follow-up survey in Mauritius. British Journal of Psychiatry, 118, 489497.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Murphy, H. B. M., Wittkower, E. D., Fried, J., and Ellenberger, H. (1963). A cross-cultural survey of schizophrenic symptomatology. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 9, 237249.Google Scholar
Nationwide Prevalence Survey of Mental Disorders in Japan (1954). Japan. Ministry of Health and Welfare: Tokyo.Google Scholar
Ödegaard, Ö. (1932). Emigration and insanity: a study of mental disease among Norwegian-born population in Minnesota. Acta Psychiatrica et Neurologica Scandinavica, Suppl. 4.Google Scholar
Ödegaard, Ö. (1952). The incidence of mental diseases as measured by census investigations versus admission statistics. Psychiatric Quarterly, 26, 212218.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Opler, M. K., and Singer, J. L. (1956). Ethnic differences in behavior and psychopathology: Italian and Irish. Inter national Journal of Social Psychiatry, 2, 1123.Google Scholar
Pepper, M. P., and Redlich, F. C. (1961). Social psychiatry. American Journal of Psychiatry, 117, 610615.Google Scholar
Pfeiffer, W. M. (1967). Psychiatrische Besonderheiten in Indonesien. In Beiträge zur vergleichenden Psychiatric, pp. 102142. Edited by Petrilowitsch, N.. Aktuelle Fragen des Psychiatric und Neurologie, Vol. 5, Bibliotheca Psychiatrica et Neurologica, No. 132. Karger: Basel, New York.Google Scholar
Raman, A. C., and Murphy, H. B. M. (1972). Failure of traditional prognostic indicators in Afro-Asian psychotics: results of a long-term follow-up survey. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 154, 238247.Google Scholar
Rin, H., Chu, H.-M., and Lin, T. (1966). Psychophysiological reactions of a rural and suburban population in Taiwan. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 42, 410473.Google Scholar
Rin, H., and Lin, T.-Y. (1962). Mental illness among Formosan aborigines as compared with the Chinese in Taiwan. Journal of Mental Science, 108, 134146.Google Scholar
Sartorius, N. (1973). Culture and the epidemiology of depression. Psychiatria, Neurologia et Neurochirurgia, 76, 479487.Google Scholar
Scheff, T. J. (1966). Being Mentally Ill. Aldine: Chicago.Google Scholar
Shepherd, M. (1957). A Study of the Major Psychoses in an English County. Maudsley Monographs No. 3. Chapman and Hall: London.Google Scholar
Shepherd, M., Brooke, E. M., Cooper, S. E., and Lin, T. (1968). An experimental approach to psychiatric diagnosis. An international study. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 441, Suppl. 201.Google Scholar
Stainbrook, E. (1952). Some characteristics of the psychopathology of schizophrenic behavior in Bahian society. American Journal of Psychiatry, 109, 330335.Google Scholar
Tooth, G. (1950). Studies in Mental Illness in the Gold Coast. Colonial Research Publications No. 6. HMSO: London.Google Scholar
Torrey, E. F. (1973). Is schizophrenia universal? An open question. Schizophrenia Bulletin, No. 7, 5359.Google Scholar
Torrey, E. F., and Peterson, M. R. (1973). Slow and latent viruses in schizophrenia. Lancet, 2, 2224.Google Scholar
Torrey, R. F., Torrey, B. B., and Burton-Bradley, B. G. (1974). The epidemiology of schizophrenia in Papua New Guinea. American Journal of Psychiatry, 131, 567573.Google Scholar
Varga, E. (1966). Changes in the Symptomatology of Psychotic Patterns. Akadémiai Kiadó: Budapest.Google Scholar
Venables, P. H., and Wing, J. K. (1962). Level of arousal and the subclassification of schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry, 7, 114119.Google Scholar
Walter, P. A. F. (1952). Race and Culture Relations. McGraw Hill: New York.Google Scholar
Wing, J. K., and Brown, G. W. (1970). Institutionalism and Schizophrenia. Cambridge University Press: London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wing, J. K., Cooper, J. E., and Sartorius, N. (1974). Measurement and Classification of Psychiatric Symptoms. Cambridge University Press: London.Google Scholar
Wing, L., Wing, J. K., Hailey, A., Bahn, A. K., Smith, H. E., and Baldwin, J. A. (1967). The use of psychiatric services in three urban areas: an international case register study. Social Psychiatry, 2, 158167.Google Scholar
Wittkower, E. D. (1969). Perspectives of transcultural psychiatry. International Journal of Psychiatry, 8, 811824.Google Scholar
Wittkower, E. D., and Rin, H. (1965). Transcultural psychiatry. Archives of General Psychiatry, 13, 397–394.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
World Health Organization (1973). Report of the International pilot Study of Schizophrenia, vol. 1. WHO: Geneva.Google Scholar
Wulff, E. (1967). Psychiatrischer Bericht aus Vietnam. In Beiträge sur vergleichenden Psychiatric, pp. 184. Edited by Petrilowitsch, N.. Aktuelle Fragen des Psychiatric und Neurologie, vol. 5. Bibliothea Psychiatrica et Neurologica, No. 132. Karger: Basel/New York, 1–84.Google Scholar
Yoo, P. S. (1962). Mental disorders in Korean rural communities. In Proceedings, Third World Congress of Psychiatry, Montreal, 1961. Vol. 2, pp. 13051309. McGill University Press: Montreal.Google Scholar
Zharikov, N. M. (1972). Epidemiology of schizophrenia. In Schizofreniya. Mul' ti distsiplinarnoe Issledovanie, pp. 186224. Edited by Snezhnevskii, A. V.. Meditsina: Moscow.Google Scholar
Zubin, J. (1967). Classification of the behavior disorders. Annual Review of Psychology, 18, 373406.Google Scholar
Zubin, J. (1968). Classification of Human Behavior. Paper read before the Canadian Psychological Association Symposium on Measurement, Classification and Prediction of Human Behaviour (mimeograph), Calgary, Alberta, 1968.Google Scholar
Zubin, J., and Kietzman, M. L. (1966). A cross-cultural approach to classification in schizophrenia and other mental disorders. In Psychopathology of Schizophrenia, pp. 482514. Edited by Hoch, P. H. and Zubin, J.. Grune and Stratton: New York.Google Scholar