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White-matter abnormalities in the right posterior hemisphere in generalized anxiety disorder: a diffusion imaging study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 July 2011

P. Brambilla ,
G. Como ,
M. Isola ,
F. Taboga ,
R. Zuliani ,
S. Goljevscek ,
M. Ragogna ,
G. Brondani ,
M. Baiano  and
L. Perini
...Show all authors
P. Brambilla*
Affiliation:
Department of Experimental Clinical Medical Sciences, Inter-University Centre for Behavioural Neurosciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy Scientific Institute IRCCS ‘E. Medea’, Udine, Italy
G. Como
Affiliation:
Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
M. Isola
Affiliation:
Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
F. Taboga
Affiliation:
Department of Experimental Clinical Medical Sciences, Inter-University Centre for Behavioural Neurosciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
R. Zuliani
Affiliation:
Department of Experimental Clinical Medical Sciences, Inter-University Centre for Behavioural Neurosciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
S. Goljevscek
Affiliation:
Department of Experimental Clinical Medical Sciences, Inter-University Centre for Behavioural Neurosciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
M. Ragogna
Affiliation:
Department of Experimental Clinical Medical Sciences, Inter-University Centre for Behavioural Neurosciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
G. Brondani
Affiliation:
Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
M. Baiano
Affiliation:
Centre for Weight and Eating Disorders, Portogruaro, Venice, Italy
L. Perini
Affiliation:
Department of Experimental Clinical Medical Sciences, Inter-University Centre for Behavioural Neurosciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
A. Ferro
Affiliation:
Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Section of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Inter-University Centre for Behavioural Neurosciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
M. Bazzocchi
Affiliation:
Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
C. Zuiani
Affiliation:
Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
M. Balestrieri
Affiliation:
Department of Experimental Clinical Medical Sciences, Inter-University Centre for Behavioural Neurosciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
*
*Address for correspondence: P. Brambilla, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Sperimentali e Cliniche, Università di Udine, P.Le Kolbe N.3, 33110 Udine, Italy. (Email: [email protected])
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Abstract

Background

Prior imaging studies have shown structural, functional and biochemical impairments in patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), particularly in the right hemisphere. In this study we investigated, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, the white-matter microstructure organization in GAD.

Method

A total of 12 patients with DSM-IV GAD and 15 matched healthy controls underwent a magnetic resonance imaging session of diffusion weighted imaging, exploring white-matter water molecules by the means of apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs). Regions of interests were placed in the frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital lobes and in the splenium and genu of the corpus callosum, bilaterally.

Results

ADC measures were significantly greater in patients with GAD in the right splenium and right parietal cortex compared with healthy controls (p⩽0.002). No significant correlations between ADCs and age or clinical variables were found.

Conclusions

We provide evidence that GAD is associated with disrupted white-matter coherence of posterior right hemisphere regions, which may partly sustain the impaired cognitive regulation of anxiety. Future diffusion imaging investigations are expected to better elucidate the communication between the parietal cortex and other right hemisphere regions in sustaining the cognitive processing of social and emotional stimuli in patients with GAD.

Keywords

Cognitioncorpus callosumfrontal cortexneuroimagingparietal cortex
Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 42 , Issue 2 , February 2012 , pp. 427 - 434
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011

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