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Interhemispheric white matter integrity in young people with bipolar disorder and at high genetic risk

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 June 2016

G. Roberts ,
W. Wen ,
A. Frankland ,
T. Perich ,
E. Holmes-Preston ,
F. Levy ,
R. K. Lenroot ,
D. Hadzi-Pavlovic ,
J. I. Nurnberger  and
M. Breakspear
...Show all authors
G. Roberts
Affiliation:
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia Black Dog Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW,Australia
W. Wen
Affiliation:
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
A. Frankland
Affiliation:
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia Black Dog Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW,Australia
T. Perich
Affiliation:
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia Black Dog Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW,Australia
E. Holmes-Preston
Affiliation:
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia Black Dog Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW,Australia
F. Levy
Affiliation:
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
R. K. Lenroot
Affiliation:
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
D. Hadzi-Pavlovic
Affiliation:
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia Black Dog Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW,Australia
J. I. Nurnberger
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
M. Breakspear
Affiliation:
Division of Mental Health Research, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
P. B. Mitchell*
Affiliation:
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia Black Dog Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW,Australia Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
*
*Address for correspondence: P. B. Mitchell, Scientia Professor Philip Mitchell, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia. (Email: [email protected])
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Abstract

Background

White matter (WM) impairments have been reported in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and those at high familial risk of developing BD. However, the distribution of these impairments has not been well characterized. Few studies have examined WM integrity in young people early in the course of illness and in individuals at familial risk who have not yet passed the peak age of onset.

Method

WM integrity was examined in 63 BD subjects, 150 high-risk (HR) individuals and 111 participants with no family history of mental illness (CON). All subjects were aged 12 to 30 years.

Results

This young BD group had significantly lower fractional anisotropy within the genu of the corpus callosum (CC) compared with the CON and HR groups. Moreover, the abnormality in the genu of the CC was also present in HR participants with recurrent major depressive disorder (MDD) (n = 16) compared with CON participants.

Conclusions

Our findings provide important validation of interhemispheric abnormalities in BD patients. The novel finding in HR subjects with recurrent MDD – a group at particular risk of future hypo/manic episodes – suggests that this may potentially represent a trait marker for BD, though this will need to be confirmed in longitudinal follow-up studies.

Keywords

Bipolar disorderdiffusion tensor imagingfractional anisotropygenetic risktract-based spatial statistics
Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 46 , Issue 11 , August 2016 , pp. 2385 - 2396
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2016 

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