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HIV testing among individuals with a severe mental illness: review, suggestions for research, and clinical implications

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 July 2008

T. E. Senn  and
M. P. Carey
T. E. Senn*
Affiliation:
Center for Health and Behavior, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
M. P. Carey
Affiliation:
Center for Health and Behavior, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
*
*Address for correspondence: T. E. Senn, Center for Health and Behavior, 430 Huntington Hall, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA. (Email: [email protected])
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Abstract

Background

The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is elevated among individuals with a severe mental illness (SMI). Because of the benefits of HIV testing, it is important for individuals with SMI to have routine access to testing. The goals of this review are: to summarize knowledge about HIV testing prevalence, correlates, and interventions among individuals with an SMI; to identify research needs; and to discuss clinical implications of the studies reviewed.

Method

Literature searches were conducted using PsycINFO, PubMed, and Medline. Additional articles were obtained from reference lists of relevant articles.

Results

Fewer than one-half of individuals with an SMI have been tested for HIV in the past year. Engaging in sex or drug risk behavior was the only consistent correlate of HIV testing. Interventions for promoting HIV testing among individuals with an SMI have not been well developed or evaluated.

Conclusions

Research on HIV testing among individuals with an SMI is needed. Mental health settings may be opportune venues for HIV testing, even though providers face ethical challenges when implementing testing programs in these settings.

Keywords

AIDShealth promotionHIVmental healthsevere mental illnesstesting
Type
Review Article
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 39 , Issue 3 , March 2009 , pp. 355 - 363
Copyright
Copyright © 2008 Cambridge University Press

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