Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-r5fsc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-25T00:38:22.607Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Disturbed voluntary motor activity in schizophrenic disorder

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2009

Theo C. Manschreck ,
Brendan A. Maher ,
Mary E. Rucklos  and
Donald R. Vereen
Theo C. Manschreck*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass., USA
Brendan A. Maher
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass., USA
Mary E. Rucklos
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass., USA
Donald R. Vereen
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass., USA
*
1Address for correspondence: Dr Theo C. Manschreck, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Synopsis

Although motor features associated with schizophrenic disorders have been reported often, they have never been well understood and, since the introduction of neuroleptic drugs, they have been largely neglected. We report that disturbed voluntary motor activity occurs frequently among schizophrenics, is especially associated with features of formal thought disorder, but also with affective blunting, neurologic ‘soft’ signs. Certain motor and thinking abnormalities in schizophrenics may have a common pathogenetic basis.

Type
Research Article
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 12 , Issue 1 , February 1982 , pp. 73 - 84
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1982

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Abrams, R. & Taylor, M. S. (1978). A rating scale for emotional blunting. American Journal of Psychiatry 135, 226–229.Google ScholarPubMed
American Psychiatric Association (1980). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (third edn). Washington, D.C.Google Scholar
Asarnow, R. F., Steffy, R. A., MacCrimmon, D. J. & Cleghorn, J. M. (1977). An attentional assessment of foster children at risk for schizophrenia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 86, 267–276.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bleuler, E. (1950). Dementia Praecox or the Group of Schizophrenias (transl. Hamilton, M. W.). International Universities Press: New York.Google Scholar
Chapman, J. (1966). The early symptoms of schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry 112, 225–251.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cohen, J. (1968). Weighted Kappa: nominal scale agreement with provisions for scaled disagreement or partial credit. Psychological Bulletin 70, 213–220.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Coquery, J. M. (1978). Selective attention as a motor program. In Attention and Performance, Vol. 7 (ed. Requin, J.), pp. 505–514. Erlbaum: New Jersey.Google Scholar
Davis, J. M. (1976). Comparative dose and costs of antipsychotic medication. Archives of General Psychiatry 33, 858–861.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
DeJong, R. (1967). The Neurological Examination. Harper & Row: New York.Google Scholar
Feighner, J., Robins, E., Guze, S., Woodruff, R., Winokur, G. & Munoz, R. (1972). Diagnostic criteria for use in psychiatric research. Archives of General Psychiatry 26, 57–63.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fish, B. (1975). Biological antecedents of psychosis in children. In Biology of the Major Psychoses (ed. Freedman, D. X.), pp. 59–80. Raven Press: New York.Google Scholar
Fish, F. (1962). Schizophrenia. John Wright & Sons: Bristol.Google Scholar
Freeman, T. (1969). Psychopathology of the Psychoses. International Universities Press: New York.Google Scholar
Freeman, T. & Gathercole, C. E. (1966). Perseveration – the clinical symptoms in chronic schizophrenia and organic dementia. British Journal of Psychiatry 112, 27–32.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hanson, D. R., Gottesman, I. I. & Heston, L. L. (1976). Some possible childhood indicators of adult schizophrenia inferred from children of schizophrenics. British Journal of Psychiatry 129, 142–154.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Holzman, P. S. & Levy, D. L. (1977). Smooth pursuit eye movements and functional psychoses; a review. Schizophrenia Bulletin 3, 15–27.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Johnstone, E. C., Frith, C. D., Crow, T. J., Husband, J. & Kreel, L. (1976). Cerebral ventricular size and cognitive impairment in chronic schizophrenia. Lancet ii, 924–926.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jones, M. & Hunter, R. (1968). Abnormal movements in patients with chronic psychiatric illness. In USPHS Publication no. 1936 (ed. Crane, G. and Gerner, R.).Google Scholar
Kleist, K. (1908). Studies of Psychomotor Symptoms in Mental Patients. Klinkhardt: Leipzig.Google Scholar
Kraepelin, E. (1919). Dementia Praecox. Livingstone: Edinburgh.Google Scholar
Latham, C., Holzman, P. & Manschreck, T. (1981). Optokinetic nystagmus and smooth pursuit eye movements in schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry 38, 997–1003.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Luria, A. R. (1966). Higher Cortical Function in Man. Basic Books: New York.Google Scholar
Maher, B. A. (1972). The language of schizophrenia: a review and interpretation. British Journal of Psychiatry 120, 3–17.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Manschreck, T. C. & Keller, M. B. (1979). Biological mental status examination – general appearance and behavior. In Diagnosis and Treatment in Outpatient Psychiatry (ed. Lazare, A.), pp. 178–202. Williams and Wilkins: Baltimore.Google Scholar
Manschreck, T. C., Maher, B. A., Vereen, D. R., Rucklos, M. E. & Ader, D. N. (1981). Deficient motor synchrony in schizophrenia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 90, 321–328.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marsden, C. D., Tarsy, D. & Baldessarini, R. J. (1975). Spontaneous and drug-induced movement disorders in psychotic patients. In Psychiatric Aspects of Neurologic Disease (ed. Benson, D. E. and Blumer, D.), pp. 219–266. Grune & Stratton: New York.Google Scholar
McGhie, A. (1969). Pathology of Attention. Penguin: Baltimore.Google Scholar
Morrison, J. (1974). Changes in subtype diagnosis of schizophrenia: 1920–1966. American Journal of Psychiatry 131, 674–677.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
National Institute of Mental Health (1974). Abnormal Involuntary Movements Scale. Public Health Service: Bethesda, Md.Google Scholar
Ricks, D. & Berry, J. (1970). Family and symptom patterns that precede schizophrenia. In Life History Research in Psychopathology, Vol. 1 (ed. Roft, M. and Ricks, D.), pp. 31–50. University of Minnesota Press: Minneapolis.Google Scholar
Ricks, D. & Nameche, G. (1966). Symbiosis, sacrifice, and schizophrenia. Mental Hygiene 50, 541–551.Google ScholarPubMed
Rieder, R. O. & Nichols, P. S. (1979). Offspring of schizophrenics III. Archives of General Psychiatry 36, 665–674.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shagass, C., Amadeo, M. & Overton, D. A. (1974). Eye tracking performance in psychiatric patients. Biological Psychiatry 9, 245–260.Google ScholarPubMed
Skvoretz, J. & Fararo, T. J. (1980). Languages and grammars of action and interaction: A contribution to the formal theory of action. Behavioral Science 25, 9–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Slater, E. & Roth, M. (1969). Clinical Psychiatry. Baillière: London.Google Scholar
Spitzer, R. & Endicott, J. (1975). Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia. Biometrics Research, New York State Psychiatric Institute: New York.Google Scholar
Spitzer, R. L. & Fleiss, J. L. (1974). A reanalysis of the reliability of psychiatric diagnosis. British Journal of Psychiatry 124, 341–347.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tucker, G. & Silberfarb, P. (1978). Neurologic dysfunction in schizophrenia. In Psychiatric Diagnosis (ed. Akiskal, H. & Webb, W.), pp. 453–462. Spectrum: New York.Google Scholar
Tucker, G., Campion, E. & Silberfarb, P. M. (1975). Sensorimotor functions and cognitive disturbance in psychiatric patients. American Journal of Psychiatry 132, 17–21.Google ScholarPubMed
Wing, J. K., Cooper, J. E. & Sartorius, N. (1974). Measurement and Classification of Psychiatric Symptoms. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge.Google Scholar
Wojcik, J., Gelenberg, A., LaBrie, R. A. & Berg, M. (1980). Prevalence of tardive dyskinesia in an outpatient population. Comprehensive Psychiatry 21, 370–379.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wood, R. L. & Cook, M. (1979). Attentional deficit in the siblings of schizophrenics. Psychological Medicine 9, 465–467.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed