Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-ndw9j Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-08T12:19:12.572Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Clinical significance of psychotic experiences in the context of sleep disturbance or substance use

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 March 2016

J. E. DeVylder*
Affiliation:
School of Social Work, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
I. Kelleher
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
*
*Address for correspondence: J. E. DeVylder, Ph.D., School of Social Work, University of Maryland, 525 West Redwood Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. (Email: [email protected])

Abstract

Background

Psychotic experiences (PE) are commonly reported in the general population, where they are associated with elevated clinical need and functional impairment. Research studies typically exclude PE that occur in the context of sleep or substance use (PE-SS), based on the assumption that they are normative within these contexts. This is the first study to formally test clinical and functional outcomes associated with PE that occur in the context of sleep or substance use.

Method

Data from the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys (n = 11 776) were used to assess the associations between both PE and PE-SS and a broad range of outcomes, including psychiatric co-morbidity, suicidal behavior, mental health treatment utilization and World Health Organization (WHO) domains of function, using logistic regression analyses. Lifetime PE and PE-SS were mutually exclusive categories, assessed using the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview psychosis screen.

Results

PE were associated with all 10 clinical and functional outcomes. Similarly, respondents reporting PE-SS had greater clinical need and impaired function relative to controls, which was significant for seven of the 10 outcome variables. When directly compared, the PE and PE-SS groups differed only in their associations with role function (greater impairment for PE) and self-care (greater impairment for PE-SS).

Conclusions

PE-SS were associated with a broad range of clinical and functional outcomes in this large general population sample. These associations were similar to those found for PE. Future studies should investigate relative differences between sleep- and substance-induced PE.

Type
Original Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2016 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alegría, M, Takeuchi, D, Canino, G, Duan, N, Shrout, P, Meng, XL, Vega, W, Zane, N, Vila, D, Woo, M, Vera, M, Guarnaccia, P, Aguilar-Gaxiola, S, Sue, S, Escobar, J, Lin, KM, Gong, F (2004). Considering context, place and culture: the National Latino and Asian American Study. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research 13, 208220.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Capra, C, Kavanagh, DJ, Hides, L, Scott, JG (2015). Subtypes of psychotic-like experiences are differentially associated with suicidal ideation, plans and attempts in young adults. Psychiatry Research 228, 894898.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crum, RM, Pratt, LA (2001). Risk of heavy drinking and alcohol use disorders in social phobia: a prospective analysis. American Journal of Psychiatry 158, 16931700.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
DeVylder, JE, Burnette, D, Yang, LH (2014 a). Co-occurrence of psychotic experiences and common mental health conditions across four racially and ethnically diverse population samples. Psychological Medicine 44, 35033513.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
DeVylder, JE, Lukens, EP, Link, BG, Lieberman, JA (2015). Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among adults with psychotic experiences: data from the collaborative psychiatric epidemiology surveys. JAMA Psychiatry 72, 219225.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
DeVylder, JE, Oh, HY, Corcoran, CM, Lukens, EP (2014 b). Treatment seeking and unmet need for care among persons reporting psychosis-like experiences. Psychiatric Services 65, 774780.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ennett, ST, Bauman, KE, Hussong, A, Faris, R, Foshee, VA, Cai, L, DuRant, RH (2006). The peer context of adolescent substance use: findings from social network analysis. Journal of Research on Adolescence 16, 159186.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fisher, HL, Caspi, A, Poulton, R, Meier, MH, Houts, R, Harrington, H, Arseneault, L, Moffitt, TE (2013). Specificity of psychotic symptoms for predicting schizophrenia by 38 years of age: a birth cohort study. Psychological Medicine 43, 20772086.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Heeringa, SG, Wagner, J, Torres, M, Duan, N, Adams, T, Berglund, PA (2004). Sample designs and sampling methods for the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Studies (CPES). International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research 13, 221240.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jackson, JS, Knight, KM, Rafferty, JA (2010). Race and unhealthy behaviors: chronic stress, the HPA axis, and physical and mental health disparities over the life course. American Journal of Public Health 100, 933939.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jackson, JS, Torres, M, Caldwell, CH, Neighbors, HW, Nesse, RM, Taylor, RJ, Trierweiler, SJ, Williams, DR (2004). The National Survey of American Life: a study of racial, ethnic and cultural influences on mental disorders and mental health. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research 13, 196207.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kelleher, I, Corcoran, P, Keeley, H, Wigman, JTW, Devlin, N, Ramsay, H, Wasserman, C, Carli, V, Sarchiapone, M, Hoven, C, Wasserman, D, Cannon, M (2013). Psychotic symptoms and population risk for suicide attempt: a prospective cohort study. JAMA Psychiatry 70, 940948.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kelleher, I, Keeley, H, Corcoran, P, Lynch, F, Fitzpatrick, C, Devlin, N, Molloy, C, Roddy, S, Clarke, MC, Harley, M, Arseneault, L, Wasserman, C, Carli, V, Sarchiapone, M, Hoven, C, Wasserman, D, Cannon, M (2012 a). Clinicopathological significance of psychotic experiences in non-psychotic young people: evidence from four population-based studies. British Journal of Psychiatry 201, 2632.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kelleher, I, Lynch, F, Harley, M, Molloy, C, Roddy, S, Fitzpatrick, C, Cannon, M (2012 b). Psychotic symptoms in adolescence index risk for suicidal behavior: findings from 2 population-based case–control clinical interview studies. Archives of General Psychiatry 69, 12771283.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kelleher, I, Wigman, JTW, Harley, M, O'Hanlon, E, Coughlan, H, Rawdon, C, Murphy, J, Power, E, Higgins, NM, Cannon, M (2015). Psychotic experiences in the population: association with functioning and mental distress. Schizophrenia Research 165, 914.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kessler, RC, Berglund, P, Chiu, WT, Demler, O, Heeringa, S, Hiripi, E, Jin, R, Pennell, BE, Walters, EE, Zaslavsky, A, Zheng, H (2004). The US National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R): design and field procedures. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research 13, 6992.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kessler, RC, Birnbaum, H, Demler, O, Falloon, IR, Gagnon, E, Guyer, M, Howes, MJ, Kendler, KS, Shi, L, Walters, E, Wu, EQ (2005). The prevalence and correlates of nonaffective psychosis in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R). Biological Psychiatry 58, 668676.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Koyanagi, A, Stickley, A, Haro, JM (2015). Subclinical psychosis and suicidal behavior in England. Findings from the 2007 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey. Schizophrenia Research 168, 6267.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Linscott, RJ, van Os, J (2013). An updated and conservative systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological evidence on psychotic experiences in children and adults: on the pathway from proneness to persistence to dimensional expression across mental disorders. Psychological Medicine 43, 11331149.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Martin, G, Thomas, H, Andrews, T, Hasking, P, Scott, JG (2015). Psychotic experiences and psychological distress predict contemporaneous and future non-suicidal self-injury and suicide attempts in a sample of Australian school-based adolescents. Psychological Medicine 45, 429437.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McGrath, JJ, Saha, S, Al-Hamzawi, A, Alonso, J, Bromet, EJ, Bruffaerts, R, Caldas-de Almeida, JM, Chiu, WT, de Jonge, P, Fayyad, J, Florescu, S, Gureje, O, Haro, JP, Hu, C, Kovess-Masfety, V, Lepine, JP, Lim, CCW, Mora, MEM, Navarro-Mateu, F, Ochoa, S, Sampson, N, Scott, K, Viana, MC, Kessler, RC (2015). Psychotic experiences in the general population: a cross-national analysis based on 31 261 respondents from 18 countries. JAMA Psychiatry 72, 697705.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Murphy, J, Shevlin, M, Houston, J, Adamson, G (2012). A population based analysis of subclinical psychosis and help-seeking behavior. Schizophrenia Bulletin 38, 360367.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Oh, HY, DeVylder, JE, Chen, F (2015). To treat or not to treat: responding to psychotic experiences. British Journal of Social Work 45, 20032019.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Turner, CF, Ku, L, Rogers, SM, Lindberg, LD, Pleck, JH, Sonenstein, FL (1998). Adolescent sexual behavior, drug use, and violence: increased reporting with computer survey technology. Science 280, 867873.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
van Os, J, Linscott, RJ, Myin-Germeys, I, Delespaul, P, Krabbendam, L (2009). A systematic review and meta-analysis of the psychosis continuum: evidence for a psychosis proneness–persistence–impairment model of psychotic disorder. Psychological Medicine 39, 179195.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wigman, JTW, van Nierop, M, Vollebergh, WAM, Lieb, R, Beesdo-Baum, K, Wittchen, H, van Os, J (2012). Evidence that psychotic symptoms are prevalent in disorders of anxiety and depression, impacting on illness onset, risk, and severity – implications for diagnosis and ultra-high risk research. Schizophrenia Bulletin 38, 247257.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wigman, JTW, Devlin, N, Kelleher, I, Murtagh, A, Harley, M, Kehoe, A, Fitzpatrick, C, Cannon, M (2014). Psychotic symptoms, functioning and coping in adolescents with mental illness. BMC Psychiatry 14, 97.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zammit, S, Kounali, D, Cannon, M, David, AS, Gunnell, D, Heron, J, Jones, PB, Lewis, S, Sullivan, S, Wolke, D, Lewis, G (2014). Psychotic experiences and psychotic disorders at age 18 in relation to psychotic experiences at age 12 in a longitudinal population-based cohort study. American Journal of Psychiatry 170, 742750.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Supplementary material: File

DeVylder and Kelleher supplementary material

Tables S1-S2

Download DeVylder and Kelleher supplementary material(File)
File 58.4 KB