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Childhood trauma and the impact of deployment on the development of mental disorder in military males

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 April 2019

Rebecca Syed Sheriff Open the ORCID record for Rebecca Syed Sheriff [Opens in a new window] ,
Miranda Van Hooff ,
Gin Malhi Open the ORCID record for Gin Malhi [Opens in a new window] ,
Blair Grace  and
Alexander McFarlane
Rebecca Syed Sheriff*
Affiliation:
Centre for Traumatic Stress Studies (CTSS), University of Adelaide, Level 1, Helen Mayo North, 30 Frome Road, SA 5000, Australia Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
Miranda Van Hooff
Affiliation:
Centre for Traumatic Stress Studies (CTSS), University of Adelaide, Level 1, Helen Mayo North, 30 Frome Road, SA 5000, Australia
Gin Malhi
Affiliation:
Academic Department of Psychiatry, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia Sydney Medical School Northern, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia CADE Clinic, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
Blair Grace
Affiliation:
Department of Education and Child Development, 31 Flinders St, Adelaide, Australia
Alexander McFarlane
Affiliation:
Centre for Traumatic Stress Studies (CTSS), University of Adelaide, Level 1, Helen Mayo North, 30 Frome Road, SA 5000, Australia
*
Author for correspondence: Rebecca Syed Sheriff, E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Background

Childhood adversity is associated with mental disorder following military deployment. However, it is unclear how different childhood trauma profiles relate to developing a post-deployment disorder. We investigated childhood trauma prospectively in determining new post-deployment probable disorder.

Methods

In total, 1009 Regular male ADF personnel from the Australian Defence Force (ADF) Middle East Area of Operations (MEAO) Prospective Study provided pre- and post-deployment self-report data. Logistic regression and generalised structural equation modelling were utilised to examine associations between childhood trauma and new post-deployment probable disorder and possible mediator pathways through pre-deployment symptoms.

Results

There were low rates of pre-deployment probable disorder. New post-deployment probable disorder was associated with childhood trauma, index deployment factors (combat role and deployment trauma) and pre-deployment symptoms but not with demographic, service or adult factors prior to the index deployment (including trauma, combat or previous deployment). Even after controlling for demographic, service and adult factors prior to the index deployment as well as index deployment trauma, childhood trauma was still a significant determinant of new post-deployment probable disorder. GSEM demonstrated that the association between interpersonal childhood trauma and new post-deployment probable disorder was fully mediated by pre-deployment symptoms. This was not the case for those who experienced childhood trauma that was not interpersonal in nature.

Conclusions

To determine the risk of developing a post-deployment disorder an understanding of the types of childhood trauma encountered is essential, and pre-deployment symptom screening alone is insufficient

Keywords

Epidemiologymilitarychildhood traumamental disorderdeployment
Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 50 , Issue 5 , April 2020 , pp. 818 - 826
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019

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