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Autobiographical memory and dissociation in borderline personality disorder

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 November 1999

B. JONES ,
H. HEARD ,
M. STARTUP ,
M. SWALES ,
J. M. G. WILLIAMS  and
R. S. P. JONES
B. JONES
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Bath Mental Health NHS Trust, Bath; Institute of Medical and Social Care Research and School of Psychology, University of Wales, Bangor
H. HEARD
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Bath Mental Health NHS Trust, Bath; Institute of Medical and Social Care Research and School of Psychology, University of Wales, Bangor
M. STARTUP
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Bath Mental Health NHS Trust, Bath; Institute of Medical and Social Care Research and School of Psychology, University of Wales, Bangor
M. SWALES
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Bath Mental Health NHS Trust, Bath; Institute of Medical and Social Care Research and School of Psychology, University of Wales, Bangor
J. M. G. WILLIAMS
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Bath Mental Health NHS Trust, Bath; Institute of Medical and Social Care Research and School of Psychology, University of Wales, Bangor
R. S. P. JONES
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Bath Mental Health NHS Trust, Bath; Institute of Medical and Social Care Research and School of Psychology, University of Wales, Bangor
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Abstract

Background. This study investigated whether individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) tend to be overgeneral in their autobiographical recall and whether the extent of their overgeneral recall covaries with their susceptibilities to dissociative experiences, as expected on theoretical grounds.

Methods. Twenty-three patients with BPD and 23 matched controls completed the Autobiographical Memory Test (AMT) and self-report measures of depression, anxiety, trait anger and dissociative experiences.

Results. Participants with BPD scored significantly higher than the control group on the measures of depression, anxiety, trait anger, and dissociative experiences and also retrieved significantly more general memories on the AMT. The number of general memories retrieved by the BPD group correlated significantly with their dissociation scores but not with their scores on mood measures.

Conclusions. Patients with BPD have difficulties in recalling specific autobiographical memories. These difficulties are related to their tendency to dissociate and may help them to avoid episodic information that would evoke acutely negative affect.

Type
Research Article
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 29 , Issue 6 , November 1999 , pp. 1397 - 1404
Copyright
© 1999 Cambridge University Press

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