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Aberrant cognition in newly diagnosed patients with bipolar disorder and their unaffected relatives

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 August 2019

Hanne Lie Kjærstad Open the ORCID record for Hanne Lie Kjærstad [Opens in a new window] ,
Nicolaj Mistarz ,
Klara Coello Open the ORCID record for Klara Coello [Opens in a new window] ,
Sharleny Stanislaus ,
Sigurd Arne Melbye ,
Catherine J. Harmer Open the ORCID record for Catherine J. Harmer [Opens in a new window] ,
Maj Vinberg Open the ORCID record for Maj Vinberg [Opens in a new window] ,
Kamilla Miskowiak Open the ORCID record for Kamilla Miskowiak [Opens in a new window]  and
Lars Vedel Kessing Open the ORCID record for Lars Vedel Kessing [Opens in a new window]
Hanne Lie Kjærstad
Affiliation:
Copenhagen Affective Disorder research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Nicolaj Mistarz
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Klara Coello
Affiliation:
Copenhagen Affective Disorder research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Sharleny Stanislaus
Affiliation:
Copenhagen Affective Disorder research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Sigurd Arne Melbye
Affiliation:
Copenhagen Affective Disorder research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Catherine J. Harmer
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK and Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
Maj Vinberg
Affiliation:
Copenhagen Affective Disorder research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Kamilla Miskowiak*
Affiliation:
Copenhagen Affective Disorder research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Lars Vedel Kessing
Affiliation:
Copenhagen Affective Disorder research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
*
Author for correspondence: Kamilla Miskowiak, E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Background

Patients with bipolar disorder (BD) experience persistent impairments in both affective and non-affective cognitive function, which is associated with a worse course of illness and poor functional outcomes. Nevertheless, the temporal progression of cognitive dysfunction in BD remains unclear and the identification of objective endophenotypes can inform the aetiology of BD.

Methods

The present study is a cross-sectional investigation of cognitive baseline data from the longitudinal Bipolar Illness Onset-study. One hundred seventy-two remitted patients newly diagnosed with BD, 52 of their unaffected relatives (UR), and 110 healthy controls (HC) were compared on a large battery of behavioural cognitive tasks tapping into non-affective (i.e. neurocognitive) and affective (i.e. emotion processing and regulation) cognition.

Results

Relative to HCs, patients with BD exhibited global neurocognitive deficits (ps < 0.001), as well as aberrant emotion processing and regulation (ps ⩽ 0.011); including decreased emotional reactivity to positive social scenarios, impaired ability to down-regulate positive emotion, as well as a specific deficit in the ability to recognise surprised facial expressions. Their URs also showed a trend towards difficulties identifying surprised faces (p = 0.075). No other differences in cognitive function were found for URs compared to HCs.

Conclusions

Neurocognitive deficits and impairments within emotion processing and regulation may be illness-related deficits of BD that present after illness-onset, whereas processing of emotional faces may represent an early risk marker of BD. However, longitudinal studies are needed to examine the association between cognitive impairments and illness progression in BD.

Keywords

Affective cognitionbipolar disorderemotionendophenotypesneurocognition regulation
Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 50 , Issue 11 , August 2020 , pp. 1808 - 1819
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019

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