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Troubles du raisonnement et schizophrénie: une revue critique

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 April 2020

C Epelbaum
C Epelbaum*
Affiliation:
Service de psychiatrie adulte, CHU Bicêtre, 78, av du Général-Leclerc, 94275, Kremlin-Bicêtre Cedex, France
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Résumé

Nous avons tenté de rendre compte de la diversité des niveaux de description des troubles cognitifs dans la schizophrénie à travers la littérature: observation clinique, mesure des performances, études des processus. Nous avons centré notre approche sur ce dernier niveau. Il s'en dégage quatre caractéristiques principales (écart par rapport aux lois de la logique formelle, surinclusion, baisse de la capacité d'abstraction, difficultés du maniement de la contradiction) sur lesquelles s'appuyent des études touchant plus particulièrement la mise en place des raisonnements logiques. Toutefois, l'évaluation des conclusions est rendue particulièrement difficile en raison de l'absence d'homogénéité des critères d'inclusion. Aussi, la question de la logique dans le raisonnement du schizophrène reste encore tout à fait ouverte car le seul fait établissant un consensus entre les différents auteurs est sans doute le caractère idiosyncrasique du fonctionnement cognitif de ces malades.

Summary

Summary

The present paper is devoted to the critical review of the main experimental studies concerning mental functioning in schizophrenia. Special emphasis was given to the principal levels of analysis: observation, assessment, psychometric testing and cognitive processes. With regard to the study of reasoning, the review focussed on the following four features: discrepancy from formal logical rules, over-inclusion, poor abstract thinking and inconsistency (contradiction). The evaluation of the main conclusions of these studies is made especially difficult, because of the lack of necessary homogeneity of diagnostic criteria. Indeed, the question of illogical reasoning among schizophrenic patients remains open. The only result on which agreement was observed, was that the way of thinking is mostly idiosyncratic.

Keywords

fonctionnement cognitiftroubles du raisonnementschizophréniecognitive processesthinking disordersschizophrenia
Type
Revue
Information
Psychiatry and Psychobiology , Volume 5 , Issue 4 , 1990 , pp. 241 - 248
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 1990

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