The ability of routine clinical practice to detect drug use at acute psychiatric admission was assessed by comparing the results of urinalysis with information on drug use extracted from patient records (n=112).

Urinalysis detected drug use in 23% of the sample. Cannabis was the drug most frequently found. Of the cases of drug use positively identified by urinalysis, 54% were not identified in the notes. Some information on drug use proximal to admission was found in 40% of patient records. Patients asked about proximal drug use were younger than those not asked.

All patients should be asked about drug use.

To describe the work and patient characteristics of one of the first combined mental illness and drug and alcohol services (MIDAS) in the UK. We examined MIDAS as an assertive community service, for individuals receiving long-term community care. We selected the case files of the first 80 patients accepted over a 10-month period and examined variables including demographic details, diagnosis, associated substance use and length of engagement with the service.

Our findings show that there was no relationship between responders to the service and basic demographic data. Patients with bipolar affective disorder and personality disorders were more likely to use the service than patients with unipolar disorder or schizophrenia. Despite the use of an assertive service, there was difficulty engaging patients with schizophrenia and comorbid drug use. These same patients also had a high level of criminal convictions as well as a trend towards using alcohol and cannabis as their main substances of misuse. At 18 months 38% of patients had failed to remain engaged with the service.

This specialist type of service may be more useful than other services in engaging patients with comorbidity. Systematic research is required in the UK to explore the effectiveness of this type of new service. More innovative resources need to be identified to specifically deal with patients with severe mental illness and comorbid substance use.

The study aimed to examine general practitioner (GP) views about the appropriate management of a patient with a depressive disorder. A questionnaire based around a patient case history was sent to 188 GPs from 11 primary care groups nationally.

The response rate was 62%. At first presentation, a third of GPs offered ‘watchful waiting’ and a third prescribed medication. If the patient's condition deteriorated, nearly all GPs initiated therapeutic doses of antidepressant medication immediately. If the patient failed to respond, 60% of GPs commenced second-line antidepressant treatment. Following recovery, a quarter of GPs would continue antidepressant treatment for 4 months or more.

GPs' interventions in the management of depression concur with expert national guidelines. There is scope for strengthening the effectiveness of pharmacological intervention in the later stages of treatment.

Factors leading to success in the MRCPsych Part I and Part II examinations, including age, gender and original medical school of training, were examined in the 1999 MRCPsych examination entrants to determine how far they are associated with the results. The ethnic breakdown of examiners of the MRCPsych examinations was also determined and compared with the origin of all consultant psychiatrists.

Younger age at taking the examination and training at a British or Irish medical school were found to be highly significant predictors of success in the MRCPsych examinations. When allowance was made for confounding variables, the gender of candidates did not contribute to success. There was no difference in ethnic background of examiners compared with consultant psychiatrists overall.

Factors affecting trainees wishing to undertake a psychiatric career need to be more closely examined. To ensure fairness and transparency in future examinations the ethnicity of candidates taking the examination needs to be addressed.

This study describes a survey of in-patients with personality disorder admitted to a specialist personality disorder unit, in terms of their knowledge and understanding of their diagnosis, and the subsequent development of a psychoeducational programme.

Overall, patients had a poor knowledge and understanding of their diagnosis. Most had not had their diagnosis explained to them, and if they had, they had not retained the information. Consequently a structured psychoeducational programme was developed, incorporating diagnostic information obtained at the pre-admission assessment.

Diagnostic information for those with personality disorder, even when it is available, is not transmitted to patients. Imparting this information through a psychoeducational programme is one way in which the therapeutic relationship between patient and clinician can be strengthened.

Specialist registrars (SpRs) in psychiatry spend only 3 years in this grade, with 1 day a week allocated to research. In view of this sizeable proportion of time designated for research, we undertook a postal survey of the experiences of and attitudes towards research of SpRs in developmental psychiatry.

A high proportion of respondents were involved in research at the time of the study, although half described difficulty starting and a third described difficulty taking the day. The majority of respondents believed research to be important and about three-quarters found it enjoyable.

While research remains a mandatory part of training it is important that trainers ensure that research time is protected.