Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dk4vv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T17:21:26.878Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

“When I Can Read My Title Clear”: Harriet Beecher Stowe and the Stowe v. Thomas Copyright Infringement Case

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 July 2009

Get access

Extract

In 1853, Harriet Beecher Stowe filed a copyright suit against F. W. Thomas, a Philadelphia printer who had published an unauthorized German translation of Uncle Tom's Cabin in his newspaper, Die Freie Presse. Stowe brought suit in the federal circuit court in Philadelphia, thus ironically placing her claim in the hands of Justice Robert Grier, a notable enforcer of slaver-owners' interests under the Fugitive Slave Law. Grier found that Stowe's property rights in her novelistic plea for resistance to the Fugitive Slave Law were very narrow and that she could not prevent Thomas from publishing a translation without her authorization. In the conclusion to the court's opinion, Grier wrote,

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2002

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

WORKS CITED

Ammons, Elizabeth. “Heroines in Uncle Tom's Cabin.” American Literature 49 (1977): 161–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barnes, James J.Authors, Publishers, and Politicians: The Quest for an Anglo-American Copyright Agreement 1815–1854. Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 1974.Google Scholar
Basch, Norma. In the Eyes of the Law: Women, Marriage and Property in Nineteenth-Century New York. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1982.Google Scholar
[Becker, August]. “Mrs. Harriet Beecher Stowe and ‘Onkel Tom's Hütte.’ Ein Beitrag zur Christilichen Moral.” New-Yorker Staats-Zeitung, 04 6, 1853, 12.Google Scholar
The Biographical Encyclopedia of Pennsylvania of the Nineteenth Century. Philadelphia: Galaxy, 1874.Google Scholar
Brodhead, Richard. Cultures of Letters: Scenes of Reading and Writing in Nineteenth-Century America. Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1993.Google Scholar
Brown, Gillian. Domestic Individualism: Imagining Self in Nineteenth Century America. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992.Google Scholar
[Bryant, William Cullen]. An Address to the People of the United States in Behalf of the American Copyright Club, Adopted at New-York, October 18, 1843. New York: American Copyright Club, 1843.Google Scholar
Bryant, William Cullen. The Letters of William Cullen Bryant, 1836–1849. Ed. Bryant, William Cullen II and Voss, Thomas G.. 5 vols. Vol. 2. New York: Fordham University Press, 1977.Google Scholar
Carp, Robert A., and Stidham, Ronald. The Federal Courts. 3rd ed.Washington, D.C.: CQ, 1998.Google Scholar
Carey, H[enry] C.Letters on International Copyright. 2nd ed.New York: Hurd and Houghton, 1868.Google Scholar
Cazden, Robert E.A Social History of the German Book Trade in America to the Civil War. Columbia, S.C.: Camden House, 1984.Google Scholar
“A Copy-Right Treaty.” Public Ledger (Philadelphia), 12 27, 1853, [2].Google Scholar
Coultrap-McQuin, Susan. Doing Literary Business: American Women Writers in the Nineteenth Century. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1990.Google Scholar
“Courts… The case of Harriet Beecher Stowe.” Cummings' Evening Bulletin (Philadelphia), 12 24, 1853, [6].Google Scholar
Curtis, George Ticknor. A Treatise on the Law of Copyright in Books, Dramatic and Musical Compositions, Letters and Other Manuscripts, Engravings and Sculpture, as Enacted and Administered in England and America; with some Notices of the History of Literary Property. Boston: Charles C. Little and James Brown, 1847.Google Scholar
Dawson, Andrew. “Reassessing Henry Carey (1793–1879): The Problem of Writing Political Economy in Nineteenth-Century America.” Journal of American Studies 34 (2000): 465–85.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Derby, J. C.Fifty Years Among Authors, Books and Publishers. New York: G. W. Carleton, 1884.Google Scholar
Douglas, Ann. The Feminization of American Culture. New York: Knopf, 1977.Google Scholar
Drone, Eaton. A Treatise on the Law of Property in Intellectual Productions in Great Britain and the United States. Boston: Little, Brown, 1879.Google Scholar
Fields, Annie, ed. Life and Letters of Harriet Beecher Stowe. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, 1897.Google Scholar
Finkelman, Paul. An Imperfect Union: Slavery, Federalism, and Comity. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1981.Google Scholar
Fones-Wolf, Ken, and Shore, Elliott. “The German Press and Working-Class Politics in Gilded-Age Philadelphia.” The German-American Radical Press: The Shaping of a Left Political Culture, 1850–1940. Ed. Shore, Elliott, FonesWolf, Ken, and Danky, James P.. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1992: 6377.Google Scholar
“From the Pittsburgh Despatch: Judge Grier and Uncle Tom.” Pennsylvania Freeman (Philadelphia), 12 15, 1853, [1].Google Scholar
Gallagher, Catherine. Nobody's Story: The Vanishing Acts of Women Writers in the Marketplace, 1670–1820. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[Garrison, William Lloyd]. “Charge of Judge Grier.” Liberator, 11 19, 1852, 2.Google Scholar
[Garrison, William Lloyd]. “Judge Grier's Decision.” Liberator, 10 21, 1853, 166.Google Scholar
Gatell, Frank Otto. “Robert C. Grier.” The Justices of the United States Supreme Court, Their Lives and Major Opinions. Ed. Friedman, Leon and Israel, Fred L.. Vol. 2. New York: Chelsea House, 1997: 434–45.Google Scholar
Geary, Susan. “The Domestic Novel as a Commercial Commodity: Making a Best Seller in the 1850s.” Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America 70 (1976): 365–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Geary, Susan. “Harriet Beecher Stowe, John P. Jewett, and Author-Publisher Relations in 1853.” Studies in the American Renaissance, 1977: 345–67.Google Scholar
Goldstein, Paul. Copyright's Highway: From Gutenberg to the Celestial Jukebox. New York: Hill and Wang, 1994.Google Scholar
Goodspeed, George T.The Home Library.” Publications of the American Bibliographical Society 42 (2nd Quarter, 1948): 110–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gossett, Thomas F.Uncle Tom's Cabin and American Culture. Dallas: Southern Methodist University Press, 1985.Google Scholar
Grant, David. “Uncle Tom's Cabin and the Triumph of Republican Rhetoric.” New England Quarterly 71 (1998): 429–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hartman, Saidiya. Scenes of Subjection: Terror, Slavery, and Self-Making in Nineteenth-Century America. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.Google Scholar
Hedrick, Joan. Harriet Beecher Stowe: A Life. New York: Oxford University Press, 1994.Google Scholar
Hesse, Carla. “Enlightenment Epistemology and the Laws of Authorship in Revolutionary France, 1777–1793.” Representations 30 (1990): 109–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
“Important Decision.” Daily News (Philadelphia), 12 26, 1853, [1].Google Scholar
“Important Decision on Uncle Tom's Cabin.” Pennsylvania Freeman (Philadelphia), 12 29, 1853, [2].Google Scholar
“Interesting Decision: Uncle Tom's Cabin in German and in Court.” Pennsylvanian (Philadelphia), 12 26, 1853, n.p.Google Scholar
Interesting Decision: Uncle Tom's Cabin in German and in Court. Reported for the Pennsylvanian.” New York Times, 12 27, 1853, 8.Google Scholar
Jacobs, Harriet. Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl. Ed. Yellin, Jean Fagan. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1986.Google Scholar
Jaszi, Peter. “Towards a Theory of Copyright: The Metamorphoses of ‘Authorship’.” Duke Law Journal, 1991: 455–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
John P. Jewett & Co. “German Uncle Tom” (advertisement). Liberator, 02 18, 1853, 27.Google Scholar
Kaplan, A. D. H.Henry Charles Carey: A Study in Economic Thought. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1931.Google Scholar
Kaplan, Benjamin. An Unhurried View of Copyright. New York: Columbia University Press, 1968.Google Scholar
Kirkham, E. Bruce. The Building of Uncle Tom's Cabin. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1977.Google Scholar
Kirkham, E. Bruce. E-mail to the author. 09 1997.Google Scholar
[Letter from New York Correspondent dated 04 23, 1853]. Atlantis 1, no. 10 (1853): 157–64.Google Scholar
Levine, Bruce Carlan. “Free Soil, Free Labor, Freimänner: German Chicago in the Civil War Era.” German Workers in Industrial Chicago, 1850–1910: A Comparative Perspective. Ed. Keil, Hartmut and Jentz, John B.. DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1983: 163–82.Google Scholar
Lieber, Francis. On International Copyright, in a Letter to the Hon William C. Preston, Senator of the United States. New York: Wiley and Putnam, 1840.Google Scholar
Lott, Eric. Love and Theft: Blackface Minstrelsy and the American Working Class New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.Google Scholar
McGill, Meredith L.The Matter of the Text: Commerce, Print Culture, and the Authority of the State in American Copyright Law.” American Literary History 9 (1997): 2159.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Means, David McGregor. “The Nature of Copyright.” Independent, 02 25, 1886, 228–29.Google Scholar
Merish, Lori. “Sentimental Consumption: Harriet Beecher Stowe and the Aesthetics of Middle-Class Ownership.” American Literary History 8 (1996): 133.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Michaels, Walter Benn. The Gold Standard and the Logic of Naturalism. Berkeley: University California Press, 1987.Google Scholar
Monaghan, E. Jennifer. A Common Heritage: Noah Webster's Blue-Back Speller. Hamden, Conn.: Archon, 1983.Google Scholar
Nadel, Stanley. “The Forty-Eighters and the Politics of Class in New York City.” The German Forty-Eighters in the United States. Ed. Brancaforte, Charlotte L.. New York: Peter Lang, 1989: 5166.Google Scholar
Nesbit, Molly. “What Was an Author?” Authorship: From Plato to the Postmodern, a Reader. Ed. Sean, Burke. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1995: 247–62.Google Scholar
Newbury, Michael. Figuring Authorship in Antebellum America. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1997.Google Scholar
Parker, E. P. “Harriet Beecher Stowe.” Eminent Women of the Age. Ed. Parton, James. Hartford: S. M. Betts, 1868: 296331.Google Scholar
Parton, James. Daughters of Genius: A Series of Sketches of Authors, Artists, Reformers, and Heroines, Queens, Princesses, and Women of Society, Women Eccentric and Peculiar. From the Most Recent and Authentic Sources. Philadelphia: Hubbard, 1888.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parton, James. “International Copyright.” Atlantic Monthly, 10 1867, 430–51.Google Scholar
Patterson, Lyman Ray. Copyright in Historical Perspective. Nashville: Vanderbilt University Press, 1968.Google Scholar
Patterson, Lyman Ray, and Lindberg, Stanley W.. The Nature of Copyright: A Law of Users' Rights. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1991.Google Scholar
[Reventlow, Otto]. “Ist Uebersetzung Nachdruck?” New-Yorker Staats-Zeitung, 04 6 1853, 2.Google Scholar
[Reventlow, Otto, and Becker, August]. “‘Onkel Tom's Hütte’ in Deutschamerika.” Atlantische Studien, 1853, no. 2: 203–14.Google Scholar
Rice, Grantland S.The Transformation of Authorship in America Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1997.Google Scholar
Robbins, Sarah. “Gendering the History of the Antislavery Narrative: Juxtaposing Uncle Tom's Cabin and Benito Cereno, Beloved and Middle Passage. American Quarterly 49 (1997): 531–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rose, Mark. Authors and Owners: The Invention of Copyright. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1993.Google Scholar
Rose, MarkMothers and Authors: Johnson v. Calvert and the New Children of Our Imagination.” Critical Inquiry 22 (1996): 613–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schäfer, & Koradi, . “Oheim Toms Hiitte” (advertisement). Philadelphier Demokrat, 03 2, 1853, 3.Google Scholar
Schreyer, Alice D. “Copyright and Books in Nineteenth-Century America.” Getting the Books Out: Papers of the Chicago Conference on the Book in 19th-Century America. Ed. Hackenberg, Michael. Washington, D.C.: Center for the Book, Library of Congress, 1987: 121–36.Google Scholar
Smith, George Winston. Henry C. Carey and American Sectional Conflict. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1951.Google Scholar
Smith, Susan Belasco. “Serialization and the Nature of Uncle Tom's Cabin.” Periodical Literature in Nineteenth-Century America. Ed. Smith, Susan Belasco and Price, Kenneth M.. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1995: 6989.Google Scholar
Smith, Sydney. Review of Statistical Annals of the United States of America, by Adam Seybert. Edinburgh Review 33 (0105 1820): 6980.Google Scholar
Spillers, Hortense. “Changing the Letter: The Yokes, the Jokes of Discourse, or, Mrs. Stowe, Mr. Reed.” Uncle Tom's Cabin. Norton Critical Edition. Ed. Ammons, Elizabeth. New York: Norton, 1994: 542–68.Google Scholar
Stanley, Amy Dru. “Conjugal Bonds and Wage Labor: Rights of Contract in the Age of Emancipation.” Journal of American History 75 (1988): 471–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stepto, Robert B. “Sharing the Thunder: The Literary Exchanges of Harriet Beecher Stowe, Henry Bibb, and Frederick Douglass.” New Essays on Uncle Tom's Cabin. Ed. Sundquist, Eric. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1986: 135–53.Google Scholar
Story, Joseph. Commentaries on Equity Jurisprudence. Boston: Hilliard, Gray, 1836.Google Scholar
Stowe, Charles Edward. Life of Harriet Beecher Stowe compiled from her Letters and Journals, by her Son Charles Edward Stowe. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, 1889.Google Scholar
Stowe, Harriet Beecher. Caban F'ewthr Twm. Remsen, N.Y.: J. R. Everett, 1854.Google Scholar
Stowe, Harriet Beecher. “Copyright and Natural Right: Letter from Harriet Beecher Stowe.” New York Daily Tribune, 09 16, 1852, 4.Google Scholar
Stowe, Harriet Beecher. Dred; Eine Erzählung aus den Grossen Dismal-Sumpfe. Boston: Phillips, Sampson, 1856.Google Scholar
Stowe, Harriet Beecher. Oheim Tom's Hütte: oder, Das Leben bei den Niedrigen. Trans. Hutten, Hugo Rudolph. Boston: J. P. Jewett, 1853.Google Scholar
Stowe, Harriet Beecher. “Onkel Tom's Hate, oder Das Leben unter den Niedrigen. Von Harriet Beecher Stowe. Uebersetzung der Redaktion. (Forstetzung.) Kapitel VIII.” Beobachter am Ohio, 02 14, 1853.Google Scholar
Stowe, Harriet Beecher. “Onkel Tom's Hütte, oder; Leben unter den Verstossenen. Nach dem Englischen der Mrs. Harriet Beecher Stowe.” Trans. Strodtmann, Adolf. Die Freie Presse (Philadelphia), 01 1–03 29, 1853.Google Scholar
Stowe, Harriet Beecher. Onkel Tom's Hütte, oder: Leben unter den Verstossnen. Nach dem Englischen der Mrs. Harriet Beecher Stowe, frei bearbeitet von Adolf Strodtmann. Trans. Strodtmann, Adolf. Philadelphia: Verlag von F. W. Thomas, 1853.Google Scholar
Stowe, Harriet Beecher. Uncle Tom's Cabin. Boston: Houghton, Osgood, 1879.Google Scholar
Stowe, Harriet Beecher. Uncle Tom's Cabin, or Life Among the Lowly. New York: Penguin, 1981.Google Scholar
Stowe v. Thomas. 23 Fed. Cas. 201; 2 Wall. Jr. 547; Am. Law Reg. 210.Google Scholar
Stowe v. Thomas. Manuscript folder 9–10/1852. National Archives Mid-Atlantic Regional Branch, Philadelphia.Google Scholar
Sundquist, Eric, ed. New Essays on Uncle Tom's Cabin. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1986.Google Scholar
Swartz, Richard G.Patrimony and the Figuration of Authorship in the Eighteenth-Century Literary Property Debates.” Works and Days. 7 (1989): 2954.Google Scholar
Swisher, Carl B.History of the Supreme Court of the United States. Vol. 5: The Taney Period 1836–64. New York: Macmillan, 1974.Google Scholar
Tompkins, Jane P.Sensational Designs: The Cultural Work of American Fiction 1790–1860. New York: Oxford University Press, 1985.Google Scholar
Twain, Mark. Christian Science, with Notes Containing Corrections to Date. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1907.Google Scholar
“Uncle Tom Abroad.” National Era, 03 24, 1853.Google Scholar
“‘Uncle Tom’ at Law.” New-York Weekly Tribune, 04 16, 1853, 34.Google Scholar
“Uncle Tom in Court.” Sunday Dispatch (Philadelphia), 12 25, 1853, [3].Google Scholar
“Uncle Tom's Cabin.” North American and United States Gazette. (Philadelphia), 12 26, 1853, 1.Google Scholar
United States. Congress Joint Committee on the Library. Report. 42nd. Cong., 3rd. sess. S. Rept. 409. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1873.Google Scholar
Webster, Noah. A Dictionary of the English Language: Abridged from the American Dictionary, for Use of Primary Schools and the Counting House. New York: F. J. Huntington, 1839.Google Scholar
Weis, & Wick, . “Oheim Toms Hütte” (advertisement). Philadelphier Demokrat 03 2, 1853, 3.Google Scholar
Weisert, John J.Lewis N. Dembitz and Onkel Tom's Hütte.” German American Review. 19 (02 1953): 78.Google Scholar
[When Mrs. Stowe was composing Uncle Tom's Cabin]. Woman's Journal 1, no. 1 (01 15, 1870): 16.Google Scholar
Wilson, Forrest. Crusader in Crinoline: The Life of Harriet Beecher Stowe. Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1941.Google Scholar
Wittke, Carl. The German-Language Press in America. Lexington, Ky.: University of Kentucky Press, 1957.Google Scholar
Woodmansee, Martha. “The Genius and the Copyright: Economic and Legal Conditions for the Emergence of the ‘Author.’Eighteenth-Century Studies 17 (1984): 425–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Woodmansee, Martha, and Jaszi, Peter, eds. The Construction of Authorship: Textual Appropriation in Law and Literature. Durham: Duke University Press, 1994.Google Scholar
Zucker, A. E. “Biographical Dictionary of the Forty-Eighters.” The Forty-Eighters: Political Refugees of the German Revolution of 1848. New York: Columbia University Press, 1950: 268357.Google Scholar