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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 30 July 2009
As one of the modern forms of the classic Fool, political cartoonists tend to bully us, irritate us, delight and enrage us, yet they always enlighten us. We need our Fools, and most social groupings have at least one, in one form or another.
1. It has also been called the “alternative” or “counter-culture” press, terms which are really more accurate though less well known.
2. The number of papers depends on one's definitions and the viability of the papers at any given time. This is a safe general figure. See e.g., the “Directory of Underground Papers” in Glessing, Robert J., The Underground Press in America (Bloomington: Indiana Univ. Press, 1971)Google Scholar; Feigelson, Naomi, Hippies, Yippies, and Others (New York: Funk and Wagnalls, 1970), p. 134Google Scholar; Granitsas, Spyridon, “Counter-media Press Picks up Agnew Line,” Editor & Publisher (08 1, 1970), p. 17.Google Scholar
3. See Glessing, , The Underground Press, pp. 120–125Google Scholar. He cites various estimates ranging from a third of a million to 4.6 million. Again, it depends upon definitions, but summing Glessing's verified figures, circulation comes to 1,007,000 for just the thirty papers he focuses on in his book.
4. See Levin, Jack and Spates, James L., “Hippie Values: An Analysis of the Underground Press,” in Rosenberg, and White, , eds., Mass Culture Revisited (New York: Van Nostrand & Reinhold, 1971), pp. 266–75.Google Scholar
5. For a history of the underground press., see Glessing, , The Underground Press.Google Scholar
6. Los Angeles Free Press, 07 21, 1967.Google Scholar
7. Ibid.
8. RCD-25, 1967 (out of print); “Mah Fellow Americans,” 1968Google Scholar; Raw Sewage, 1970Google Scholar; all are published by Sawyer Press.
9. Preface to “Mah Fellow Americans.”
10. Ibid.
11. Ibid.
12. Preface to Raw Sewage.
13. Ibid.
14. Preface to “Mah Fellow Americans.”
15. Ibid.