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XIII.—Ions and Isotopes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 September 2014

James Kendall
James Kendall
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh
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Extract

The fact that the atomic weight of an element is not invariable, but that the same element may exist in two or more forms which are chemically identical even though their atomic weights differ, was first noted by Soddy (1910, p. 285) in connection with radioactive elements. A little later Thomson (1913) showed, by the method of positive ray analysis, that neon, with an average atomic weight of 20·2, was a mixture of two kinds of atoms with masses 20 and 22 respectively. The brilliant extension of this method of attack by Aston has established that the majority of the common elements are similarly inhomogeneous. Chlorine (35·457) is a mixture of Cl35 and Cl37; lead (207·22) exists in as many as eight forms, with atomic masses ranging from 203 to 210. These chemically-identical species of the same element with diverse masses are known as isotopes.

Type
Proceedings
Information
Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh , Volume 57 , 1938 , pp. 182 - 193
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Society of Edinburgh 1938

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References

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