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Secretion of Carbonate of Lime by Animals. Part II

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 September 2014

Robert Irvine  and
G. Sims Woodhead
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Extract

In a paper read before this Society, on May 7, 1888, on the “Secretion of Carbonate of Lime by Animals,” we gave the result of experiments made upon domestic fowls, which established the fact that they could elaborate carbonate from sulphate of lime in the formation of the calcareous covering of their eggs.

Type
Proceedings 1888-89
Information
Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh , Volume 16 , 1890 , pp. 324 - 354
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Society of Edinburgh 1889

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References

note * page 325 A most interesting observation on the changes through which the lime salts may go, is that afforded by the transference of lime from the shell of the chick's egg (Lehmann, Physiological Chemistry, vol. i. p. 417), where it is found as the carbonate, to the yolk and developing chick embryo, where it appears in the form of the phosphate. Prout, Phil. Trans., 1822, p. 365, pointed out further, that the amount of phosphorus in the yolk remains constant throughout the whole course of development of the chick, but that there is a steady and continuous increase in the amount of lime ; and Lehmann argues that, as the egg shell becomes both lighter and more brittle, the lime is derived not from without, as Prout suggested, but directly from the shell. He says, “The phosphorus exists chiefly in the yolk, where it occurs as glycerophosphoric acid, which during incubation is gradually decomposed, so that the liberated phosphoric acid unites with the lime which passes over by endosmosis from the shell into the egg to form this salt.” It is evident from this that dialysis plays an important part in the process of lime distribution from the egg shell and its membrane to the growing embryo.

note * page 330 Braun, Max, Arbeiten mis d. Zool. Zoot. Institut. in Würzburg, 1875, vol. xi. pp. 144–489Google Scholar ; Vitzou, , Arch, de Biologic, vol. x., 1882, p. 659M.Google Scholar

note * page 332 Loc. cit., p. 501 et seq.

note * page 336 See Taylor's Scientific Memoirs, vol. v. p. 26.

note † page 336 Loc. cit., vol. i, p. 419 (see also references on p 240).

note * page 339 Letters on Chemistry, p. 414.

note * page 340 Loc. cit., p. 28.

note * page 342 Loc. cit., p. 22.

note * page 343 (See Ziegler's Pathology ; translated by Macalister, vol. i. pp. 96, 97; Litten, Der Hœmorrhagische Infarct., 1879; Kyber, Virch. Archiv, vol. lxxxi.; Payne, Pathology, p. 198 ; Coat's Pathology, p. 127.)Google Scholar

note * page 347 Pflüiger's Archiv, vol. vii. p. 274 ; see Watts's Dictionary of Chemistry.

note † page 347 Loc. cit.