Hostname: page-component-745bb68f8f-g4j75 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-01-10T22:17:06.618Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Shaugh Moor Project: Fourth Report — Environment, Context and Conclusion

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 May 2014

N. D. Balaam ,
K. Smith ,
G.J. Wainwright ,
S. Fordham ,
M. Girling ,
H. C. M. Keeley ,
R. Macphail ,
R. Morgan ,
Q. Mould  and
B. Orme
...Show all authors
N. D. Balaam
Affiliation:
Central Excavation Unit, Department of the Environment
K. Smith
Affiliation:
Central Excavation Unit, Department of the Environment
G.J. Wainwright
Affiliation:
Central Excavation Unit, Department of the Environment
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

For five years from 1976 to 1980 the archaeology and environment of a block of landscape centred around Shaugh Moor on south-west Dartmoor were analysed prior to the destruction of some of the evidence by china clay working. The investigations began in 1976 with a survey of the field monuments and the initiation of soil, vegetation, small mammal and phosphate studies in addition to the search for peat deposits of sufficient antiquity. From 1977 the programme was determined by the encroachment of the quarries and other works, so that early in that year a group of cairns were excavated (site 10) and subsequently the first of two seasons work on a walled enclosure (site 15) was initiated. The excavation of the enclosure was completed in 1978 and in that year it was also necessary to undertake a small investigation near the northern edge of the project area on the Trowlesworthy cross-dyke (site 202) and near its southern edge on Wotter Playground (site 201). Settlements and field systems were surveyed and excavated on Wotter Common in 1979 and these investigations were completed in 1980 when the Saddlesborough Reave, which crosses the centre of the project area from east to west was also surveyed in detail and sampled by excavation.

More field work could have been undertaken on threatened areas and indeed a limited operation was undertaken in 1981 on the Saddlesborough Reave to confirm some points of detail. Instead, it was thought best to conclude the project after five years, to complete the publication of the results and to allow mature consideration of these so as to generate a new set of questions.

At an early stage the decision was taken to publish the work as a series of annual reports in these Proceedings rather than as a single monograph. The first report (Wainwright et al. 1979) set out the simple research design for the project and contained accounts of the 1976 survey and of the excavation of the cairn group.

Type
Research Article
Information
Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society , Volume 48 , Issue 1 , 1982 , pp. 203 - 278
Copyright
Copyright © The Prehistoric Society 1982

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

BIBLIOGRAPHY

ApSimon, A. M., Donovan, D. T. and Taylor, M. B., 1961. ‘The stratigraphy and archaeology of the Late-Glacial and Post-Glacial deposits at Brean Down, Somerset’, Proc. Univ. Bristol Spel. Soc. 9, 1, 67–136.Google Scholar
ApSimon, A. M. and Greenfield, E., 1972. ‘The excavation of Bronze Age and Iron Age settlements at Trevisker, St Eval, Cornwall’, Proc. Prehist. Soc. 38, 302–81.Google Scholar
Anderson, I. K., 1906. ‘Eleventh Report of the Dartmoor Exploration Committee’, Trans. Devon Assoc. 38, 101–13.Google Scholar
Baillie, M. G. L. and Pilcher, J. R., 1973. ‘A simple cross-dating program for tree-ring research’, Tree-Ring Bulletin 33. 7–14.Google Scholar
Ball, D. F., 1975. ‘Processes of soil degradation: a pedological point of view’, in Evans, J. G., Limbrey, S. and Cleere, H. (eds), The effect of man on the landscape: the Highland Zone, CBA Res. Report No. 11, 20–26.Google Scholar
Baring-Gould, S., 1894. ‘Hut circles at Tavy Cleave’, Trans. Devon Assoc. 26, 197–98.Google Scholar
Baring-Gould, S. et al. , 1894. ‘The exploration of Grimspound. First report of the Dartmoor Exploration Committee’, Trans. Devon Assoc. 26, 101–21.Google Scholar
Baring-Gould, S. et al. , 1895. ‘Second report of the Dartmoor Exploration Committee’, Trans. Devon Assoc. 27, 81–92.Google Scholar
Baring-Gould, S. et al. , 1896. ‘Third report of the Dartmoor Exploration Committee’, Trans. Devon Assoc. 28, 174–99.Google Scholar
Baring-Gould, S., 1897. ‘Fourth report of the Dartmoor Exploration Committee’, Trans. Devon Assoc. 29, 145–65.Google Scholar
Baring-Gould, S. et al. , 1898. ‘Fifth report of the Dartmoor Exploration Committee’, Trans. Devon Assoc. 30, 97–115.Google Scholar
Baring-Gould, S., 1899. ‘Sixth report of the Dartmoor Exploration Committee’, Trans. Devon Assoc. 31, 146–55.Google Scholar
Baring-Gould, S., 1901. ‘Seventh report of the Dartmoor Exploration Committee’, Trans. Devon Assoc. 33, 129–38.Google Scholar
Baring-Gould, S., 1902. ‘Eighth report of the Dartmoor Exploration Committee’, Trans. Devon Assoc. 34, 160–65.Google Scholar
Baring-Gould, S. (ed.), 1905. ‘Tenth report of the Dartmoor Exploration Committee’, Trans. Devon Assoc. 37, 141–45.Google Scholar
Barrett, J., 1976. ‘Deverel-Rimbury: Problems of chronology and interpretation’, in Burgess, C. and Miket, R. (eds), Settlement and Economy in the Third and Second Millennia BC, Brit. Archaeol. Rep. 33, 289–307.Google Scholar
Barrett, J., 1980. ‘The pottery of the later Bronze Age in Lowland England’, Proc. Prehist. Soc. 46, 297–319.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bartlett, A. D. H., 1979. Boringdon Camp. AML Report No. 2964.Google Scholar
Beckett, S. C., 1981. ‘Pollen Analysis of the peat deposits’ in Smith, K. et al. , ‘The Shaugh Moor Project: third Report’, Proc. Prehist. Soc. 47, 205–73.Google Scholar
Beresford, G., 1979. ‘Three deserted medieval settlements on Dartmoor: a report on the late E. Marie Minter's excavations’, Med. Archaeol. 23, 98–158.Google Scholar
Bloomfield, C., 1970. ‘The mechanism of podsolisation’, Welsh Soils Discussion Group Report 11, 112–21.Google Scholar
Britton, D., 1963. ‘Traditions of metalworking in the later Neolithic and Early Bronze Age of Britain: Part 1’, Proc. Prehist. Soc. 29, 258–325.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burl, A., 1976. The stone circles of the British Isles.Google Scholar
Burnard, R., 1894. ‘Exploration of the hut circles in Broadun Ring and Broadun’. Trans. Devon Assoc. 26, 185–96.Google Scholar
Clark, J. G. D., 1936. ‘A late Bronze Age site in Mildenhall Fen, West Suffolk’, Antiquaries J. 16, 29–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clarke, P. J., 1971. ‘The Neolithic, Bronze, Iron Age and Romano-British finds from Mount Batten, Plymouth, 1832–1939’, Proc. Devon Archaeol. Soc. 29, 137–61.Google Scholar
Clayden, B., 1964. ‘Soils of the middle Teign Valley district of Devon’, Soil survey of England and Wales Bulletin 1.Google Scholar
Clayden, B. and Manley, J. R., 1964. ‘The soils of the Dartmoor granite’, in Simmons, I. G (ed.), Dartmoor Essays.Google Scholar
Collis, J., 1978. ‘Fields and settlements on Shaugh Moor, Dartmoor’, in Bowen, H. C. and Fowler, P. J. (eds), Early land allotment in the British Isles, Brit. Archaeol. Rep. 48, 23–28.Google Scholar
Cook, S. F. and Heizer, R. F., 1965. Studies on the chemical analysis of archaeological sites. University of California, Publications in Anthropology 2.Google Scholar
Craddock, P., 1980. ‘Phosphate survey, Newark Road site’, in Prior, F., Excavations at Fengate, Peterborough, Northants. Northants Arch. Soc. Mono. 1.Google Scholar
Crompton, E., 1952. ‘Some morphological features associated with poor soil drainage’, J. Soil Sci. 3.Google Scholar
Crossing, W., 1966. Crossing's Dartmoor Worker.Google Scholar
Curwen, E. C., 1927. ‘Prehistoric agriculture in Britain’, Antiquity 1, 261–89.Google Scholar
Damon, P. E., Long, A. and Wallick, E. I., 1972. ‘Dendrochronological calibration of the Carbon-14 time scale’, in Proc. 8th Int. Conf. on Radiocarbon Dating, Wellington, New Zealand, 1, 45–59.Google Scholar
David, A. E. U., 1980a. Netton, South Hams, Devon. AML Report No. 3103.Google Scholar
David, A. E. U., 1980b. Cofflete, South Hams, Devon. AML Report No. 3104.Google Scholar
Davies, R. I., 1970. ‘The podzol process’, Welsh Soils Discussion Group Report 11, 133–42.Google Scholar
Dick, W. A. and Tabatabai, M. A., 1977. ‘An alakaline oxidation method for determination of total phosphorus in soils’, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 41, 511–14.Google Scholar
Dimbleby, G. W. and Gill, J. M., 1955. ‘The occurrence of podzols under deciduous woodland in the New Forest’, Forestry 28, 95–106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dimbleby, G. W., 1965. ‘Post glacial changes in soil profiles’, Proc. Roy. Soc. Series B, 161, 355–62.Google Scholar
Drewett, P., 1979. ‘New evidence for the structure and function of middle Bronze Age round houses in Sussex’, Archaeol. J. 136, 3–11.Google Scholar
Edwards, K. J., 1979. ‘Palynological and temporal inference in the context of prehistory with special reference to the evidence from lake and peat deposits’, J. Archaeol. Sci. 6, 255–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Emmett, D. D., 1979. ‘Stone rows: the traditional view reconsidered’, Proc. Devon Archaeol. Soc. 37, 94–114.Google Scholar
Eyre, S. R., 1968. Vegetation and soils. Second edition.Google Scholar
Fleming, A. and Collis, J., 1973. ‘A late prehistoric reave system near Cholwich Town, Dartmoor’, Proc. Devon Archaeol. Soc. 31, 1–21.Google Scholar
Fleming, A., 1978. ‘The Prehistoric landscape of Dartmoor, Part I: South Dartmoor’, Proc. Devon Archaeol. Soc. 44, 97–123.Google Scholar
Fleming, A., 1979. ‘The Dartmoor reaves: boundary patterns and behaviour patterns in the second millennium BC’, Proc. Devon Archaeol. Soc. 37, 115–31.Google Scholar
Fleming, A., 1980. Dartmoor reave project. Interim reportNo. 6 (1980 Seaon). Privately circulated.Google Scholar
Fletcher, J. M. (ed.), 1978. Dendrochonology in Europe, Brit. Archaeol. Rep. 51.Google Scholar
Fowler, P. J., 1978. ‘Lowland landscapes: culture, time and personality’, in Limbrey, S. and Evans, J. G. (eds), The effect of man on the landscape; the Lowland Zone, CBA Res. Rep. 21, 1–10.Google Scholar
Fox, A., 1954. ‘Excavations at Kestor, an early Iron Age settlement near Chagford, Devon’, Trans. Devon Assoc. 86, 21–62.Google Scholar
Fox, A., 1957. ‘Excavations on Dean Moor in the Avon Valley 1954–1956. The late Bronze Age settlement’, Trans. Devon Assoc. 89, 18–77.Google Scholar
Fox, A., 1961. ‘Twenty-fifth report on the archaeology and early history of Devon’, Trans. Devon Assoc. 93, 61–80.Google Scholar
Fox, A., 1973. South-west England.Google Scholar
Gawne, E. and Somers Cocks, J. V., 1968. ‘Parallel reaves on Dartmoor’, Trans. Devon Assoc. 100, 277–91.Google Scholar
Gill, C., 1966. Plymouth, a new history.Google Scholar
Groenman-van Waateringe, W., 1966. ‘Nedernettingen van de Hilversumcultur te Vogelenzang (NH) en Den Haag (ZH)’. In het Voetspoor van A E van Giffen.Google Scholar
Hamond, F. W., 1979. ‘Settlement, economy and environment on Prehistoric Dartmoor’, Proc. Devon Archaeol. Soc. 37, 146–75.Google Scholar
Harvey, L. A. and St Leger-Gordon, D., 1953. Dartmoor. New Naturalists Series.Google Scholar
Hillam, J., 1979. ‘Tree-rings and archaeology: some problems explained’, J. Archaeol. Sci. 6, 271–78.Google Scholar
Johnson, N., 1980. ‘Later Bronze Age settlement in the south-west’, in Bradley, R. and Barrett, J. (eds), The British Later Bronze Age, Brit. Archaeol. Rep. 83, 141–80.Google Scholar
Keeley, H. C. M. and Macphail, R. I., 1979. The soils of Shaugh Moor, Devon. AML Report No. 2925.Google Scholar
Keeley, H. C. M. and Macphail, R. I., 1981. ‘A soil survey of part of Shaugh Moor, Devon’, in Smith, K. etal., ‘The Shaugh Moor project: third report’, Proc. Prehist. Soc. 47, 205–73.Google Scholar
Keeley, H. C. M., 1982. ‘Pedogenesis during the later prehistoric period in Britain’, in Harding, A. F. (ed.), Climatic change in later prehistory.Google Scholar
Keeley, H. C. M. and Macphail, R. I., 1982. ‘A soil handbook for archaeologists’, Bull. Inst. Archaeol. 18.Google Scholar
Macphail, R. I., 1980a. Soil report on the double reave at Shaugh Moor, Devon. AML Report No. 3033.Google Scholar
Macphail, R. I., 1980b. Addendum to soil report on the double reave, Shaugh Moor, Devon. AML Report No. 3187.Google Scholar
Mason, E.J., 1968. ‘Ogof yr Esgyrn and Dan yr Ogof caves 1938–50’, Archaeol. Camb. 117, 18–71.Google Scholar
Megaw, J. V. S. and Simpson, D. D. A., 1979. Introduction to British Prehistory.Google Scholar
Miles, H., 1975. ‘Barrows on the St Austell granite, Cornwall’, Cornish Archaeol. 114, 5–81.Google Scholar
Miles, H., 1976. ‘Flint scatters and prehistoric settlement in Devon’, Proc. Devon Archaeol. Soc. 34.Google Scholar
Modderman, P. J. R., 1961. ‘Een Hilversum pot met wikkeldraadstempel versied en een bronzen naald uit Vorstenbosch’, Ber. R.O.B. 9, 288–89.Google Scholar
Morgan, R. A., 1980. ‘Tree-ring studies in the Somerset Levels: Tinney's Ground’, Somerset Levels Papers 6, 69–72.Google Scholar
Morgan, R. A., Hillam, J., Coles, J. M. and McGrail, S., 1981. ‘Reconciling tree-ring sampling with conservation’, Antiquity 55, 90–95.Google Scholar
Morgan, R. A., 1982. ‘Tree-ring studies in the Somerset Levels: the Meare Heath track, 1974–1980’, Somerset Levels Papers, 8, 39–45.Google Scholar
Muckleroy, K., 1978. ‘Moorsand, Salcombe — prehistoric wreck site’, in Archaeology in Devon 1978, 6, Devon County Council.Google Scholar
Needham, S., 1980. ‘An assemblage of Late Bronze Age metalworking debris from Dainton, Devon’, Proc. Prehist. Soc. 46, 177–215.Google Scholar
Otlet, R. L., 1976. ‘An assessment of laboratory errors in the Liquid Scintillation method of C-14 Dating’, in and Suess, H. (eds), Radiocarbon Dating, Proc. 9th Int. Conf., 256–67. University of California Press.Google Scholar
Otlet, R. L. and Warchal, R. M., 1978. ‘Liquid scintillation counting of low level 14C’ in Crook, M. A. and Johnson, P. (eds), Liquid Scintillation Counting 5.Google Scholar
O'Connor, B. J., 1980. Cross channel relations in the Later Bronze Age, Brit. Archaeol. Rep. S91.Google Scholar
O'Neill, S. H., 1982. Bronze Age settlement of the Plym valley. Unpub. M.Phil, thesis, University of Sheffield.Google Scholar
Peacock, D. P. S., 1969. ‘A contribution to the study of Glastonbury ware’, Antiquaries J. 49, 41–61.Google Scholar
Pearce, S., 1979. ‘The distribution and production of Bronze Age metalwork’, Proc. Devon Archaeol. Soc. 37, 136–45.Google Scholar
Pilcher, J. R., Hillam, J., Baillie, M. G. L. and Pearson, G. W., 1977. ‘A long subfossil tree-ring chronology from the north of Ireland’, New Phytologist, 79, 713–29.Google Scholar
Pollard, S. H. M. and Russell, P. M. G., 1969. ‘Excavation of round barrow 248b, Upton Pyne, Exeter’, Proc. Devon Archaeol. Soc. 27, 49–78.Google Scholar
Price, D. G., 1973. ‘Ancient fields on Shaugh Moor’, Trans. Devon Assoc. 105, 87–93.Google Scholar
Price, D. G. and Tinsley, H., 1976. ‘On the significance of soil profiles at Trowlesworthy Warren and Wigford Down’, Trans. Devon Assoc. 108, 147–57.Google Scholar
Price, D. G., 1977. ‘Site and settlement at Trowlesworthy Warren’, 109, 41–50.Google Scholar
Price, D. G., 1978. ‘Settlement and ancient fields on Wigford Down’, Trans. Devon Assoc. 110, 69–75.Google Scholar
Price, D. G., 1979. ‘The moorland Plym — A Reassessment’ Trans. Devon Assoc. 111, 125–37.Google Scholar
Proudfoot, B. 1977. ‘The analysis and interpretation of soil phosphorus in archaeological contexts’, in Shackley, M. L. and Davidson, D. A. (eds), Geoarchaeology.Google Scholar
Radford, C. A. R., 1952. ‘Prehistoric settlements on Dartmoor and the Cornish Moors’, Proc. Prehist. Soc. 18, 55–84.Google Scholar
Rahtz, P. A. and ApSimon, A. M., 1962. ‘Excavations at Shearplace Hill, St Nicholas, Dorset’, Proc. Prehist. Soc. 27, 289–328.Google Scholar
Rees, S., 1979. Agricultural implements in Prehistoric and Roman Britain, Brit. Archaeol. Rep. 69.Google Scholar
Reynolds, P., 1979. Iron Age farm: the Butser experiment.Google Scholar
Rowlands, M. J., 1976. The organisation of Middle Bronze Age metalworking, Brit. Archaeol. Rep. 31.Google Scholar
Savory, H. N., 1964–1966, in Hussey, M. S., ‘Final excavations at the Lesser-Garth cave, Pentyrch’, Trans. Cardiff Nat. Soc. 93, 18–27, 34–36.Google Scholar
Shell, C., 1979. ‘The early exploitation of tin deposits in south-west England’, Ryan, M. (ed.), The origins of metallurgy in Atlantic Europe, Proceedings of Atlantic Colloquium, 1978.Google Scholar
Shorter, A. H., 1948–1952. ‘Hut circles and ancient fields near Challacombe, Dartmoor’, Proc. Devon Archaeol. Soc. 4, 102–05.Google Scholar
Silvester, R. J., 1979. ‘The relationship of first millennium settlement to the upland areas of the south-west’, Proc. Devon Archaeol. Soc. 37, 176–90.Google Scholar
Silvester, R. J., 1980. ‘The prehistoric open settlement at Dainton, south Devon’, Proc. Devon Archaeol. Soc. 38, 17–48.Google Scholar
Simmons, I. G., 1962. ‘An outline of the vegetation history of Dartmoor’, Trans. Devon Assoc. 94, 555–74.Google Scholar
Simmons, I. G., 1964. ‘Pollen diagrams from Dartmoor’, New Phytologist 63, 165–80.Google Scholar
Simmons, I. G., 1969. ‘Environment and early man on Dartmoor, Devon, England’, Proc. Prehist. Soc. 35, 203–19.Google Scholar
Smith, K., Coppen, J., Wainwright, G. J. and Beckett, S., 1981. ‘The Shaugh Moor project: third report — settlement and environmental investigation’, Proc. Prehist. Soc. 47, 205–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spratt, D. A., 1981. ‘Prehistoric boundaries on the north Yorkshire Moors’, in Barker, G. (ed.), Prehistoric Communities in northern England.Google Scholar
Staines, S.J., 1979. ‘Environmental change on Dartmoor’, Proc. Devon Archaeol. Soc. 37, 21–47.Google Scholar
Steensberg, A., 1973. ‘A 6000-year old ploughing implement from Satrup Moor’, Tools and Tillage 2(2), 105–18.Google Scholar
Wainwright, G. J., Fleming, A. and Smith, K., 1979. ‘The Shaugh Moor project: first report’, Proc. Prehist. Soc. 45, 1–33.Google Scholar
Wainwright, G.J. and Smith, K., 1980. ‘The Shaugh Moor project: second report—the enclosure’, Proc. Prehist. Soc. 46, 65–122.Google Scholar
Worth, R. H., 1890. ‘The Moorland Plym’, Trans. Plymouth Inst. 10, 289–310.Google Scholar
Worth, R. H., 1915. ‘Thirty-fourth report of the Barrow Committee’, Trans. Devon Assoc. 47, 131–33.Google Scholar
Worth, R. H., 1916. ‘Thirty-fifth report of the Barrow Committee’, Trans. Devon Assoc. 48, 99–100.Google Scholar
Worth, R. H., 1926. ‘The Moorland Plym: thirty-six years after’, Trans. Plymouth Inst. 17, 117–23.Google Scholar
Worth, R. H., 1935. ‘Dartmoor Exploration Committee, twelfth report’, Trans. Devon Assoc., 67, 115–30.Google Scholar
Worth, R. H., 1937. ‘Dartmoor Exploration Committee, thirteenth report’, Trans. Devon Assoc. 69, 143–50.Google Scholar
Worth, R. H., 1942. ‘A stone circle in the Plym Valley’, Trans. Devon Assoc. 74, 207–10.Google Scholar
Worth, R. H., 1945. ‘The Dartmoor hut circles’, Trans. Devon Assoc. 77, 225–56.Google Scholar
Worth, R. H., 1953. Dartmoor.Google Scholar
Worth, R. H., 1967. Dartmoor (2nd ed.).Google Scholar
Supplementary material: PDF

Balaam, Smith and Wainwright supplementary material

Balaam, Smith and Wainwright supplementary material

Download Balaam, Smith and Wainwright supplementary material(PDF)
PDF 43.2 MB