Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7fkt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-20T08:39:31.181Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Pursuing ‘the Pressure of the Past’: British Prehistoric Research, 1980–2010

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 March 2013

Anwen Cooper*
Affiliation:
Oxford University, Institute of Archaeology, 36 Beaumont Street, Oxford OX1 2PG

Abstract

This article presents a detailed analysis of developments in British prehistoric research practices from 1980–2010, traversing the period during which Planning Policy Guidance Note 16 (PPG16) was introduced and changed substantially the way that archaeology was carried out. Using evidence from Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society (PPS) itself together with key fieldwork records collated over the duration of this period, a consideration is made of changes in the character of prehistoric investigations, in the evidence base available to researchers, and in the methodologies drawn upon and interpretations put forward in significant outputs of British prehistoric research. Several major shifts in research practices are highlighted. The findings augment considerably broad claims which have been made about the changing character of British prehistoric research practices and reveal some perhaps surprising traits of the investigative process. PPS's own role within this broader research milieu is also assessed.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Prehistoric Society 2012

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Aerts, A., Brindley, A., Lanting, J. & Plight, J. van der. 2001. Radiocarbon dates on cremated bone from Sanaigmhor Warren, Islay. Antiquity 289, 485–86CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alexander, P. 1999. Historic merger for the heritage. Conservation Bulletin 35, 13Google Scholar
Allen, M., Morris, M. & Clark, R.H. 1995. Food for the living: a reassessment of a Bronze Age barrow at Buckskin, Basingstoke, Hampshire. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 61, 157–90CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Andrews, K. & Doonan, R. 2003. Test Tubes & Trowels: Using Science in Archaeology. Stroud: TempusGoogle Scholar
Ashton, N., Lewis, S., Parfitt, S., Candy, I., Keen, D., Kemp, R., Penkman, K., Thomas, G., Whittaker, J. & White, M. 2005. Excavations at the lower Palaeolithic site at Elvedon, Suffolk, UK. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 71, 162CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baker, D. 2002. Gaining more value from archaeology. British Archaeology, 63 (February). Available online at http://www.britarch.ac.uk/ba/ba63/issues.shtml (last accessed 12.4.11)Google Scholar
Barrett, J.C. 1980. The pottery of the later Bronze Age in lowland England. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 46, 297320CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barton, N.E., Berridge, P.J., Walker, M.J.C. & Bevins, R.E. 1995. Persistent places in the Mesolithic landscape: an example from the Black Mountain uplands of South Wales. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 61, 81116CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beadsmoore, E., Garrow, D. & Knight, M. 2010. Refitting Etton: space, time, and material culture within a causewayed enclosure in Cambridgeshire. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 76, 115–34CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Becher, T. 1989. Academic Tribes and Territories. Milton Keynes: Open University PressGoogle Scholar
Bedwin, O. & Holgate, R. 1985. Excavations at Copse Farm, Oving, West Sussex. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 51, 215–46CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Benson, D.G., Evans, J.G. & Williams, G. H. 1990. Excavations at Stackpole Warren, Dyfed. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 56, 179246CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bourdieu, P. 1977. Outline of a Theory of Practice. Cambridge: University PressCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bradley, R. 1975. Maumbury Rings, Dorchester: the excavations of 1980–1913. Archaeologia 105, 198CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bradley, R. 2006. Bridging the two cultures. Commercial archaeology and the study of prehistoric Britain. Antiquaries Journal 86, 113CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bradley, R. 2007. The Prehistory of Britain and Ireland. Cambridge: University PressCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bradley, R., Lobb, S., Richards, J. & Robinson, M. 1980. Two late Bronze Age settlements on the Kennet gravels: excavations at Aldermaston Wharf and Knight's Farm, Burghfield, Berkshire. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 46, 217–96CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bayliss, A. & Bronk Ramsey, C. 2004. Pragmatic Bayesians: a decade of integrating radiocarbon dates into chronological models. In Buck, C. E. & Millard, A. R. (eds), Constructing Chronologies: Crossing Disciplinary Boundaries, 2541London: Lecture Notes in Statistics 177CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bruck, J. 1995. A place for the dead: the role of human remains in Late Bronze Age Britain. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 61, 245–77CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burrow, S. 2010. Bryn Celli Ddu passage tomb, Anglesey: alignment, construction, date, and ritual. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 76, 249–70CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carter, S. & Robertson, A. 2002. Occupational and Functional Mapping of the Archaeology Profession. Penallt: Q-West ConsultantsGoogle Scholar
Carter, S., Hunter, F. & Smith, A. 2010. A 5th century Iron Age chariot burial from Newbridge, Edinburgh. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 76, 3174CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chadwick, A. 2000. Taking archaeology into the next millennium – a personal view of the state of the art. Assemblage 5Google Scholar
Champion, T. & Gamble, C. 1986. Editorial. PAST 1(July), 12Google Scholar
Chapman, H. 2005. Rethinking the ‘Cursus Problem’ – investigating the Neolithic landscape archaeology of Rudston, East Yorkshire, UK, using GIS. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 71, 159–70CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chapman, H., Hewson, M & Watters, M. 2010. The Catholme ceremonial complex, Staffordshire, UK. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 76, 135–64CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chapman, J. C. 2000. Fragmentation in Archaeology: People, Places and Broken Objects in the Prehistory of South Eastern Europe. London: RoutledgeGoogle Scholar
Chapman, R. 1985. The Prehistoric Society, prehistory and society. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 51, 1629CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coles, B. 1990. Anthropomorphic wooden figurines from Britain and Ireland. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 56, 315–34CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coles, J.M. 1980. Presidential address: the donkey and the tail. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 46, 18CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cook, M., Ellis, C. & Sheridan, A. 2010. Excavations at Upper Largie Quarry, Argyll and Bute, Scotland: new light on the prehistoric ritual landscape of Kilmartin Glen. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 76, 165212CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cooper, A. 2010. Transformations in British Prehistoric Research 1980–2010: A Multi-stranded Approach. Unpublished PhD Thesis, University of ReadingGoogle Scholar
Cummins, W.A. 1980. Stone axes as a guide to Neolithic communications and boundaries in England and Wales. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 46, 4560CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Darvill, T., Russell, B. & Bell, C. 2002. Archaeology after PPG16: Archaeological Investigations in England 1990–1999. Bournemouth: Bournemouth University and English HeritageGoogle Scholar
DoE = Department of the Environment. 1990. Planning Policy Guidance: Archaeology and Planning. London: HMSOGoogle Scholar
Durden, T. 1995. The production of specialised flintwork in the later Neolithic: a case study from the Yorkshire Wolds. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 61, 409–32CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ellliott, B. & Milner, N. 2010. Making a point: a critical review of the barbed point manufacturing process practised at Star Carr. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 76, 7594CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Evans, T.L. & Daly, P.T. 2006. Digital Archaeology: Bridging Method and Theory. Oxford: RoutledgeGoogle Scholar
Framework Archaeology. 2006. Landscape Evolution in the Middle Thames Valley. Heathrow Terminal 5 Excavations Volume 1, Perry Oaks. Oxford & Salisbury: Framework ArchaeologyGoogle Scholar
Garrow, D., Beadsmoore, E. & Knight, M. 2005. Pit clusters and the temporality of occupation: an earlier Neolithic site at Kilverstone, Thetford, Norfolk. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 71, 139–58CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garrow, D. 2012. Odd deposits and average practice: a critical history of the concept of structured deposition. Archaeological Dialogues 18Google Scholar
Gibbons, M. 1994. The New Production of Knowledge: the dynamics of science and research in contemporary societies. London: SageGoogle Scholar
Giddens, A. 1984. The Constitution of Society: Outline of the Theory of Structuration. Berkley: University of California PressGoogle Scholar
Grant, A. 1984. Animal husbandry. In Cunliffe, B. (ed.), Danebury: an Iron Age hillfort in Hampshire, Volume 2. The excavations, 1969–1978: the finds, 496546. London: Council for British ArchaeologyGoogle Scholar
Guttmann, E.B.A. & Last, J. 2000. A late Bronze Age landscape at South Hornchurch, Essex. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 66, 319–60CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harding, J. 1995. Social histories and regional perspectives in the Neolithic of lowland England. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 61, 117–36CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hodder, I. 1982. Symbols In Action: Ethnoarchaeological Studies of Material Culture. Cambridge: University PressGoogle Scholar
Hodder, I., Leone, M. P., Bernbeck, R., Shanks, M., Tomášková, S., McAnany, P.A., Shennan, S. & Renfrew, C. 2007. Revolution fulfilled? ‘Symbolic and structural archaeology’, a generation on. Cambridge Archaeological Journal 17, 199228CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hunter, J. & Ralston, I. (eds). 2006. Archaeological Resource Management in the UK: An Introduction (2nd edn). Stroud: SuttonGoogle Scholar
Hunter, J. & Ralston, I. 2009. British archaeology since the end of the Second World War. In Hunter, J. & Ralston, I. (eds), The Archaeology of Britain. An Introduction from the Upper Palaeolithic to the Industrial Revolution (2nd edn), 117. Oxford: RoutledgeGoogle Scholar
Johnson, M. 2010. Archaeological Theory: an iIntroduction (2nd edn). Oxford: BlackwellGoogle Scholar
Jones, A. 2002. Archaeological Theory and Scientific Practice. Cambridge: University PressGoogle Scholar
Jones, A.M. & Thomas, C. 2010. Bosiliack and a reconsideration of entrance graves. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 76, 271–96CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jones, M. 1980. Carbonised cereals from Grooved Ware contexts. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 46, 61–4CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kirk, T. & Williams, G. H. 2000. Glandy Cross: a later prehistoric monumental complex in Carmarthenshire, Wales. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 66, 257–96CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Last, J. 2005. Life by the river: a prehistoric landscape at Grendon, Northamptonshire. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 71, 333–60CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Loney, H. & Hoaen, A. W. 2005. Landscape, memory and material culture: interpreting diversity in the Iron Age. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 71, 361–78CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lucas, G. 2001. Critical Approaches to Fieldwork: Contemporary and Historical Archaeological Practice. London: RoutledgeCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mellars, P.A. & Wilkinson, M.R. 1980. Fish otoliths as evidence of seasonality in prehistoric shell middens: the evidence from Oronsay (Inner Hebrides). Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 46, 1944CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Monk, M.A. & Fasham, P.J. 1980. Carbonised plant remains from two Iron Age sites in central Hampshire. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 46, 321–44CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moore, M.J. 1995. A Bronze Age settlement and ritual centre in the Monavullagh Mountains, County Waterford, Ireland. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 61, 191244CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Needham, S. 1980. An assemblage of Late Bronze Age metalworking debris from Dainton, Devon. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 46, 177216CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Needham, S. 2000. Power pulses across a cultural divide: cosmologically driven acquisition between Armorica and Wessex. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 66, 151208CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Orton, C. 2000. Sampling in Archaeology. Cambridge: University PressCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pollard, J. 1995. Inscribing space: formal deposition at the Neolithic monument of Woodhenge, Wiltshire. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 61, 137–56CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pollard, J. (ed). 2008. Prehistoric Britain. Oxford: Wiley-BlackwellGoogle Scholar
Pope, R.E. 2007. Ritual and the roundhouse: a critique of recent ideas on domestic space in later British prehistory. In Haselgrove, C.C. & Pope, R.E. (eds), The Earlier Iron Age in Britain and the Near Continent, 204–28. Oxford: OxbowGoogle Scholar
Richards, C. & Thomas, J. 1984. Ritual activity and structured deposition in later Neolithic Wessex. In Bradley, R. & Gardiner, J. (eds), Neolithic Studies: a review of some current research, 189218. Oxford: British Archaeological Report 133Google Scholar
Robertson-Mackay, M.E. 1980. A ‘head and hooves’ burial beneath a round barrow, with other Neolithic and Bronze Age sites on Hemp Knoll, near Avebury, Wiltshire. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 46, 123–76CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Russel, A.D. 1990. Two Beaker burials from Chilbolton, Hampshire. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 56, 153–72CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schulting, R. & Wysocki, M. 2005. ‘In this chambered tumulus were found cleft skulls …’: an assessment of the evidence for cranial trauma in the British Neolithic. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 71, 107–38CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Seager Thomas, M. 2010. Potboilers reheated. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 76, 357–66CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Secord, J. 2004. Knowledge in transit. Isis 95(4), 654–72CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sharples, N. 1985. Individual and community: the changing role of megaliths in the Orcadian Neolithic. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 51, 5974CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thomas, R. & McFadyen, L. 2010. Animals and Cotswold-Severn long barrows: a re-examination. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 76, 95114CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wainwright, G. 1984. The pressure of the past: presidential address. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 50, 122CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wainwright, G. & Smith, K. 1980. The Shaugh Moor project: second report – the enclosure. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 46, 65122CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Webley, L. 2007. Using and abandoning roundhouses: a reinterpretation of the evidence from late Bronze Age–early Iron Age southern England. Oxford Journal of Archaeology 26, 127–44CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wenban-Smith, F., Gamble, C. & Apsimon, A. 2000. The lower Palaeolithic Site at Red Barns, Portchester: bifacial technology, raw material quality, and the organisation of archaic behaviour. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 66, 209–56CrossRefGoogle Scholar
White, M. & Schreve, D. C. 2000. Island Britain – Penninsula Britain: palaeogrography, colonisation, and the lower Palaeolithic settlement of the British Isles. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 66, 128CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whittle, A. 1990. A model for the Mesolithic–Neolithic transition in the upper Kennet valley, north Wiltshire. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 56, 101–10CrossRefGoogle Scholar