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Bosiliack and a Reconsideration of Entrance Graves

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 March 2013

Andy M. Jones ,
Charles Thomas ,
Henrietta Quinnell ,
Anna-Lawson Jones ,
Kathleen McSweeney  and
Roger Taylor
Andy M. Jones
Affiliation:
Tressa, Tremorvah Crescent, Truro, Cornwall TR1 1NL
Charles Thomas
Affiliation:
Lambesso, St Clement, Truro, Cornwall
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Abstract

In 1984 the entrance grave at Bosiliack, Cornwall, was excavated by Charles Thomas on behalf of the Institute of Cornish Studies. It was a comparatively small example, approximately 5 m in diameter encircled by a substantial kerb. A deposit of cremated bone was found within the chamber accompanied by sherds of plain pottery from three vessels. Two radiocarbon determinations were obtained on the cremated bone. The dates were almost identical, falling between 1690 and 1500 cal bc.

Because Bosiliack is the only entrance grave in Cornwall to have been excavated to modern standards, and to have had any analyses undertaken on the contents of its chamber, it is significant to the study of small chambered tombs elsewhere. This paper outlines the results from the excavations before moving on to a discussion of the use of monument and a consideration of its possible affinities with monuments elsewhere.

Résumé

En 1984 la tombe à entrée de Bosiliack, Cornouailles, a été fouillée par Charles Thomas pour le compte de l'Institut d'Etudes des Cornouailles. C'était un specimen relativement petit, d'environ 5 m de diamètre encerclé par un bordage de pierres substantiel. On a trouvé à l'intérieur de la chambre un dépôt d'os incinérés accompagnés de tessons de poterie non décorée provenant de trois récipients. On a obtenu des os incinérés deux déterminations au C14. Ces dates étaient presque identiques, se situant entre 1690 et 1500 av. J.-C. cal.

Parce que Bosiliack se trouve être la seule tombe à entrée qui a été fouillée selon les exigences modernes et dont le contenu de la chambre a été soumis à des analyses, elle est importante pour l'étude des petites tombes à chambre ailleurs. Cette étude expose les grands traits des résultats des fouilles avant de passer à la discussion de l'utilisation du monument et à une réflexion sur ses affinités possibles avec d'autres monuments ailleurs.

Résumen

En 1984 la Entrance Grave en Bosiliack, Cornualles, fue excavada por Charles Thomas, en representación del Institute of Cornish Studies. La tumba era un ejemplar comparativamente pequeño, de aproximadamente 5 m de diámetro rodeado por un bordillo substancial. Un depósito de hueso incinerado fue hallado dentro de la cámara acompañado por fragmentos de cerámica lisa procedentes de tres vasijas. Dos determinaciones al radiocarbono fueron obtenidas del hueso incinerado. Las fechas eran casi idénticas, cayendo entre 1690 y 1500 cal A.C.

Dado que Bosiliack es la única entrance grave en Cornualles que ha sido excavada de acuerdo con estándares modernos, y en la que los contenidos de la cámara han sido analizados, es significativa para el estudio de las tumbas de cámara pequeñas en otras partes. Este trabajo resume los resultados de las excavaciones para después proceder a una discusión sobre el uso del monumento y a una reflexión sobre sus posibles afinidades con monumentos en otras partes.

1Entrance Graves son un tipo de túmulo redondo de cámara y anillo peristálico de grandes piedras, y de dimensiones entre los 1 m y 1,5 m de altura (pudiendo alcanzar hasta los 2,5 m), y los 3 m y 21 m de diámetro. La entrada a la cámara funeraria la forma una simple apertura en el anillo peristálico, de ahí el nombre de este tipo de monumento. Una característica poco común es que la cámara funeraria normalmente se extiende mucho más allá del punto central del túmulo. La distribución geográfica de este tipo de monumento es muy restringida (las Islas de Scilly y Cornualles en el Reino Unido)

Zusammenfassung

Im Jahr 1984 wurde das Kammergrab von Bosiliack, Cornwall, ein Megalithgrab vom Typ der Entrance Graves, durch Charles Thomas im Auftrag des Institute of Cornish Studies ausgegraben. Es ist ein eher kleines Beispiel dieses Typs mit einem Durchmesser von etwa 5 m und umgeben von einer beachtlichen Setzung von Randsteinen. Eine Niederlegung verbrannter Knochen wurde innerhalb der Kammer gefunden, vergesellschaftet mit unverzierten Keramikscherben von drei Gefäßen. Zwei Radiokarbondatierungen wurden an den verbrannten Knochen gewonnen. Diese Daten sind fast identisch und liegen zwischen 1690 und 1500 cal. bc. Da Bosiliack das einzige Entrance Grave in Cornwall ist, das gemäß moderner Standards gegraben und dessen Grabinhalt untersucht wurde, ist es von besonderer Bedeutung für die Bewertung auch anderer kleiner Kammergräber. Dieser Beitrag skizziert die Grabungsergebnisse und geht dann dazu über, die Nutzung dieses Bauwerks zu diskutieren und seine möglichen Ähnlichkeiten mit anderen Monumenten zu erörtern.

Type
Research Article
Information
Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society , Volume 76 , 2010 , pp. 271 - 296
Copyright
Copyright © The Prehistoric Society 2010

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