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Parental role modelling and fruits and vegetables intake in European preschoolers: ToyBox-study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 June 2020

Pilar De Miguel-Etayo ,
Paloma Flores ,
Javier Santabarbara ,
Iris Iglesia ,
Greet Cardon ,
Violeta Iotova ,
Berthold Koletzko ,
Odysseas Androutsos ,
Aneta Kotowska  and
Yannis Manios
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Pilar De Miguel-Etayo
Affiliation:
Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group. Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón). CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III. University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain Child Health & Care Research. VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Paloma Flores
Affiliation:
1 Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group. Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón). CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III. University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
Javier Santabarbara
Affiliation:
Department of Microbiology, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
Iris Iglesia
Affiliation:
Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group. Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2),Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón) y Red de Salud Materno-Infantil (SAMID), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
Greet Cardon
Affiliation:
Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
Violeta Iotova
Affiliation:
Medical University Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
Berthold Koletzko
Affiliation:
Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, University of Munich Medical Centre, Munich, Germany
Odysseas Androutsos
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
Aneta Kotowska
Affiliation:
The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
Yannis Manios
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
J. M. M. (Mai) Chin A Paw
Affiliation:
Child Health & Care Research. VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Luis A Moreno
Affiliation:
Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group. Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón). CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III., Zaragoza, Spain Department of fisiology and nursing. Faculty of health science. University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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Abstract

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Abstract

Introduction: Childhood obesity is rising in all countries. Dietary habits are modifiable factors which develop early in life. During growth, several factors, such as peer- influence and food availability, determine the development of food preferences and eating behaviour. Parents play also a key role model by influencing their own food intake.

Objetives: The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of parental role modelling, as predictor of fruits and vegetables intake in European pre-schoolers.

Methods: The present study included a sample of 6633 preschool children (51.9% boys) from six European centres (Belgium, Bulgaria, Germany, Greece, Poland and Spain), 3.5 to 5.5 years of age, participating in the ToyBox-study. Data on parental role modelling related with their own fruits and vegetables intake (portions/day) and children's fruits and vegetables intake (portions/day) were collected via standardized proxy-administered questionnaires. Linear regression model was used to assess this association. The adjusted model included socioeconomic status and weight status.

Results: In the unadjusted model, boys whose parents consumed fruits, showed a mean intake of 0.09 (95% CI: 0.08–0.11; p ≤ 0.001) portions of fruits more than the boys whose parents did not consume fruits. Also, girls whose parents consumed fruits, had intake of 0.10 (95% CI: 0.08–0.12; p ≤ 0.001) portions of fruits more than the girls whose parents did not consume fruits.

Moreover, boys whose parents consumed vegetables, showed a mean intake of 0.09 (95% CI: 0.07–0.11; p ≤ 0.001) portions of vegetables more than the boys whose parents did not consume vegetables. Also, girls whose parents consumed fruits, had intake of 0.11 (95% CI: 0.09–0.13; p ≤ 0.001) portions of vegetables more than the girls whose parents did not consume vegetables.

Finally, parental role related with fruits consumption explained 19.3% of fruits intake in European pre-schoolers and the 17.8% of vegetables intake in boys and 21.9% of vegetable intake in girls taking into consideration the potential effect of socioeconomic status of the family and the weight status of the children.

Conclusions: Parental role model of fruit intake has moderate effect on the pre-schooler's dietary intake. However, home environment characteristics such as family rules or availability and accessibility of foods should be considered as potential factors related to food intake in pre-schoolers.

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Abstract
Information
Proceedings of the Nutrition Society , Volume 79 , Issue OCE2: 13th European Nutrition Conference, FENS 2019, 15–18 October 2019, Malnutrition in an Obese World: European Perspectives , 2020 , E706
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Copyright © The Authors 2020