Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dsjbd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T12:13:26.873Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Methodological considerations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2007

D. Joe Millward
D. Joe Millward*
Affiliation:
Centre for Nutrition and Food Safety, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
*
Corresponding author: Professor Joe Millward, fax +44 1483 259297, email [email protected]
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Workshop on ‘Protein and amino acid requirements and recommendations’
Information
Proceedings of the Nutrition Society , Volume 60 , Issue 1 , February 2001 , pp. 3 - 5
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2001

References

Badaloo, A, Boyne, M, Reade, M, Persaud, C, Forrester, T, Millward, DJ & Jackson, A (1999) Dietary protein, growth and urea kinetics in severely malnourished children and during recovery. Journal of Nutrition 129, 969–979.Google Scholar
Calloway, DH, Odell, ACF & Margen, S (1971) Sweat and miscellaneous nitrogen losses in human balance studies. Journal of Nutrition 101, 775–786.Google Scholar
Collin-Vidal, C, Cayol, M, Obled, C, Ziegler, F, Bommelaer, G & Beaufrere, B (1994) Leucine kinetics are different during feeding with whole protein or oligopeptides. American Journal of Physiology 267, E907–E914.Google ScholarPubMed
Costa, G, Ullrich, I, Kantor, F & Holland, JF (1968) Production of elemental nitrogen by certain mammals including man. Nature 281, 546–551.Google Scholar
El Khoury, AE, Fukagawa, NK, Sanchez, M, Tsay, RH, Gleason, RE, Chapman, TE & Young, VR (1994) The 24-h pattern and rate of leucine oxidation, with particular reference to tracer estimates of leucine requirements in healthy adults. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 59, 1012–1020.Google Scholar
Fereday, A, Gibson, NR, Cox, M, Pacy, PJ & Millward, DJ (1997) Protein requirements and ageing: metabolic demand and efficiency of utilization. British Journal of Nutrition 77, 685–702.Google Scholar
Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization (1973). Energy and Protein Requirements. Report of a Joint FAO/WHO Ad Hoc Expert Committee. WHO Technical Report Series no. 522. Geneva: WHO.Google Scholar
Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization/United Nations University (1985). Energy and Protein Requirements. Report of a Joint Expert Consultation. WHO Technical Report Series no. 724. Geneva: WHO.Google Scholar
Forbes, GB (1973) Another source of error in the metabolic balance method. Nutrition Reviews 31, 297–300.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fuller, MF & Garlick, PJ (1994) Human amino acid requirements: can the controversy be resolved? Annual Review of Nutrition 14, 217–241.Google Scholar
Hegsted, DM (1963) Variation in requirements of nutrients: amino acids. Federation Proceedings 22, 1424–1430.Google ScholarPubMed
Hegsted, DM (1976) Balance studies. Journal of Nutrition 106, 307–311.Google Scholar
Kurzer, MS & Calloway, DH (1981) Nitrate and nitrogen metabolism in men. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 34, 1305–1313.Google Scholar
Meredith, CN, Wen, Z-M, Bier, DM, Matthews, DE & Young, VR (1986) Lysine kinetics at graded lysine levels in young men. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 43, 787–794.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Millward, DJ (1990) Amino acid requirements in adult man. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 51, 492–493.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Millward, DJ (1993) Stable isotope tracer studies of amino acid balance and human indispensable amino acid requirements. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 57, 81–86.Google Scholar
Millward, DJ (1994) Can we define indispensable amino acid requirements and assess protein quality in adults? Journal of Nutrition 124, 1509–1516.Google Scholar
Millward, DJ (1997) Human amino acid requirements. Journal of Nutrition 127, 1842–1846.Google Scholar
Millward, DJ (1998) Metabolic demands for amino acids and the human dietary requirement: Millward and Rivers (1988) revisited. Journal of Nutrition 128, 2563S–2576S.Google Scholar
Millward, DJ (1999) The nutritional value of plant based diets in relation to human amino acid and protein requirements. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 58, 249–260.Google Scholar
Millward, DJ, Fereday, A, Gibson, NR & Pacy, PJ (1997) Ageing, protein requirements and protein turnover. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 66, 774–786.Google Scholar
Millward, DJ, Fereday, A, Gibson, NR & Pacy, PJ (2000 a) Human adult protein and amino acid requirements: [13C-1\ leucine balance evaluation of the efficiency of utilization and apparent requirements for wheat protein and lysine compared with milk protein in healthy adults. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 72, 112–121.Google Scholar
Millward, DJ, Forrester, T, Ah-Sing, E, Yeboah, N, Gibson, N, Badaloo, A, Boyne, M, Reade, M, Persaud, C & Jackson, A (2000 b) The transfer of 15N from urea to lysine in the human infant. British Journal of Nutrition 83, 505–512.Google Scholar
Millward, DJ, Jackson, AA, Price, G & Rivers, JPW (1989) Human amino acid and protein requirements: Current dilemmas and uncertainties. Nutrition Research Reviews 2, 109–132.Google Scholar
Millward, DJ & Roberts, SR (1996) Protein requirement of older individuals. Nutrition Research Reviews 9, 67–88.Google Scholar
Millward, DJ & Pacy, PJ (1995) Postprandial protein utilisation and protein quality assessment in man. Clinical Science 88, 597–606.Google Scholar
Millward, DJ, Price, GM, Pacy, PJH & Halliday, D (1990) Maintenance protein requirements: the need for conceptual revaluation. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 49, 473–487.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Millward, DJ & Rivers, JPW (1988) The nutritional role of indispensable amino acids and the metabolic basis for their requirements. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 42, 367–393.Google Scholar
Pellett, PL & Young, VR (1992) The effects of energy on protein metabolism: a statistical evaluation. In Protein-energy Interactions, pp. 81–120 [Scrimshaw, N and Schurch, B, editors]. Lausanne: I/D/E/C/G.Google Scholar
Price, GM, Halliday, D, Pacy, PJ, Quevedo, MR & Millward, DJ (1994) Nitrogen homeostasis in man: 1. Influence of protein intake on the amplitude of diurnal cycling of body nitrogen. Clinical Science 86, 91–102.Google Scholar
Wallace, WM (1959) Nitrogen content of the body and its relation to retention and loss of nitrogen. Federation Proceedings 18, 1125–1130.Google Scholar
Young, VR (1986) Nutritional balance studies: Indicators of human requirements or adaptive mechanisms. Journal of Nutrition 116, 700–703.Google Scholar
Young, VR, Bier, DM & Pellet, PI (1989) A theoretical basis for increasing current estimates of the amino acid requirements in adult man, with experimental support. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 50, 80–92.Google Scholar
Young, VR & El Khoury, AE (1995) Can amino acid requirements for nutritional maintenance in adult humans be approximated from the amino acid composition of body mixed proteins? Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 921, 300–304.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Young, VR, Gucalp, C, Rand, WM, Matthews, DE & Bier, DM (1987) Leucine kinetics during three weeks at submaintenance-to maintenance intakes of leucine in men: adaptation and accommodation. Human Nutrition Clinical Nutrition 41 C, 1–18.Google Scholar
Zello, GA, Pencharz, PB & Ball, RO (1992) Lysine requirement in young adult males. American Journal of Physiology 264, E677–E685.Google Scholar
Zello, GA, Wykes, IJ, Ball, RO & Pencharz, PB (1995) Recent advances in methods of assessing dietary amino acid requirements for adult humans. Journal of Nutrition 125, 2907–2915.Google Scholar