Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-vdxz6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T02:04:41.707Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Transparency in Responsible Design: Avoiding Engineering Overconfidence and Supporting Societal Acceptance

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 July 2019

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

In this contribution it is argued that in responsible design engineers should be transparent towards stakeholders about the goals they intend to realise with their designs. The emergence of responsible design in, e.g., value-sensitive design, design for values, social design, nudging and positive design, is to be welcomed. It has however the weakness of overconfidence which may lead engineers to suspend earlier commitments to society as given in engineering codes of conduct and ethics, and practices of seeking informed consent and taking blame. It is argued that these earlier commitments lead to the requirement that engineers should be transparent about the goals in responsible designs. Providing this transparency support moreover the societal acceptance of responsible design since it positions engineers doing responsible design as subscribing to values such as respect, honesty and trust. I illustrate the argument with a case of social design and a case of nudging.

Type
Article
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NCCreative Common License - ND
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is unaltered and is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use or in order to create a derivative work.
Copyright
© The Author(s) 2019

References

AMA (2018), Code of Medical Ethics. Opinion 2.1.1 on Informed Consent. Available at: https://www.ama-assn.org/delivering-care/informed-consent Opinion 2.1.4 on Use of Placebo in Clinical Practice available at: https://www.ama-assn.org/delivering-care/use-placebo-clinical-practice (accessed 10 November 2018).Google Scholar
Desmet, P.M.A. and Pohlmeyer, A.E. (2013), “Positive Design: An Introduction to Design for Subjective Well-Being”, International Journal of Design, Vol. 7 No. 3, pp. 519.Google Scholar
FEANI (2006), FEANI Position Paper on Code of Conduct: Ethics and Conduct of Professional Engineers. Available at: https://www.feani.org/publications/position-papers (accessed 11 November 2018).Google Scholar
Florman, S.C. (1996), The Introspective Engineer, St. Martin's Press, New York.Google Scholar
Friedman, B., Kahn, P.H. Jr and Borning, A. (2006), “Value Sensitive Design and Information Systems”, In: Zhang, P. and Galletta, D. (Ed.), Human-Computer Interaction in Management Information Systems: Foundations, M.E. Sharpe, Armonk, NY, pp. 348372.Google Scholar
IDEO (2013), The Little Book of IDEO. Available at: https://lboi.ideo.com/ (accessed 11 November 2018).Google Scholar
IDEO (2015), The Little Book of Design Research Ethics. Available at: https://lbodre.ideo.com/download/ (accessed 11 November 2018).Google Scholar
IEEE (2014), IEEE Code of Conduct. Available at: https://www.ieee.org/about/ieee_code_of_conduct.pdf (accessed 11 November 2018).Google Scholar
IEEE (2018), IEEE Policies. Version of October 2018. Available from: https://www.ieee.org/documents/ieee_policies.pdf (accessed 11 November 2018).Google Scholar
KIVI (2018), Code of Ethics. Version of January 2018. Available at: https://www.kivi.nl/uploads/media/5a587110c2160/2018-01%20Code%20of%20Ethics.pdf (accessed 11 November 2018).Google Scholar
Marzano, S. (2007), Flying over Las Vegas, Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV.Google Scholar
NSPE (2018b), Code of Ethics for Engineers. Available at: https://www.nspe.org/sites/default/files/resources/pdfs/Ethics/CodeofEthics/Code-2007-July.pdf (accessed 11 November 2018).Google Scholar
Rosner, L. (Ed.) (2004), The Technological Fix: How People Use Technology to Create and Solve Problems, Routledge, New York City, NY.Google Scholar
Sunstein, C.R. (2015), “The Ethics of Nudging”, Yale Journal on Regulation, Vol. 32, pp. 413450.Google Scholar
Thaler, R.H. and Sunstein, C.R. (2008), Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT.Google Scholar
Tromp, N. and Hekkert, P. (2016), “Assessing Methods for Effect-Driven Design: Evaluation of a Social Design Method”, Design Studies, Vol. 43, pp. 2447.Google Scholar
Van de Poel, I. and Royakkers, L. (2011), Ethics, Technology and Engineering: An Introduction, Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester.Google Scholar
Van den Hoven, J., Vermaas, P.E. and Van de Poel, I. (2015), Handbook of Ethics, Values and Technological Design, Springer, Dordrecht.Google Scholar
Van der Velden, M. and Mörtberg, C. (2015), “Participatory Design and Design for Values”, In: Van den Hoven, J., Vermaas, P.E. and Van de Poel, I. (Ed.), Handbook of Ethics, Values and Technological Design, Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 4166.Google Scholar
Weinberg, A.M. (1966), “Can Technology Replace Social Engineering?”, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, Vol. 22 No. 10, pp. 48.Google Scholar