Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-94fs2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-07T20:31:25.058Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Coordination in Design Teams as a Lens to Identifying Team Roles

Part of: Collaborative Design

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 July 2019

Arianne X. Collopy ,
Chengxi Li ,
Tianyi Liu ,
Eytan Adar  and
Panos Y. Papalambros

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Coordination in system design requires an interplay between different roles. In this work, we identify five design team roles that pertain to the partitioning and coordination of distributed design team tasks. The proposed characterization is based on self-reported responsibilities and communication behaviors from 109 student designers in 22 teams at the conclusion of a semester-long design project. The self-reports capture both how team members viewed their own work as well as communication patterns between team members. We leverage two representations of this data. Through text analysis, we identify keywords describing team member roles and responsibilities. Social network analysis can further distinguish roles based on team communication behaviors. Cluster analysis on both types of data identifies groups of individuals with similar characteristics. The resulting five clusters capture common roles in system design teams that simultaneously capture the diverse responsibilities and communication patterns.

Keywords

CoordinationCommunicationTeamworkHuman behaviour in designLarge-scale engineering systems
Type
Article
Information
Proceedings of the Design Society: International Conference on Engineering Design , Volume 1 , Issue 1 , July 2019 , pp. 79 - 88
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NCCreative Common License - ND
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is unaltered and is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use or in order to create a derivative work.
Copyright
© The Author(s) 2019

References

Adams, R., Mann, L., Jordan, S. and Daly, S. (2009), “Exploring the Boundaries: Language, Roles, and Structures in Cross-Disciplinary Design Teams”, In McDonnell, J. and Lloyd, P. (eds.), About: Designing - Analysing Design Meetings, CRC Press, London, 339–358Google Scholar
Aritzeta, A., Swailes, S. and Senior, B. (2007), “Belbin's Team Role Model: Development, Validity and Applications for Team Building”, Journal of Management Studies, Vol. 44 No. 1, pp. 96–118. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2007.00666.xGoogle Scholar
Austin-Breneman, J., Honda, T. and Yang, M.C. (2012), “A Study of Student Design Team Behaviors in Complex System Design”, Journal of Mechanical Design, Vol. 134 No. 12, p. 124504. http://doi.org/10.1115/1.4007840Google Scholar
Crabtree, R.A., Fox, M.S. and Baid, N.K. (1997), “Case studies of coordination activities and problems in collaborative design”, Research in Engineering Design, Vol. 9 No. 2, pp. 70–84. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01596483Google Scholar
Cross, N. (2004), “Expertise in design: an overview”, Design Studies, Vol. 25 No. 5, pp. 427–441.Google Scholar
Cross, R., Borgatti, S.P. and Parker, A. (2002), “Making Invisible Work Visible: Using Social Network Analysis to Support Strategic Collaboration”, California Management Review, Vol. 44 No. 2, pp. 25–46. https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/41166121Google Scholar
de Vries, R.E., Bakker-Pieper, A. and Oostenveld, W. (2010), “Leadership = Communication? The Relations of Leaders’ Communication Styles with Leadership Styles, Knowledge Sharing and Leadership Outcomes”, Journal of Business and Psychology, Vol. 25 No. 3, pp. 367–380. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10869-009-9140-2Google Scholar
Ehrlich, K. and Cataldo, M. (2014), “The Communication Patterns of Technical Leaders: Impact on Product Development Team Performance”, Proceedings of the 17th ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work & Social Computing, ACM, New York, NY, USA, pp. 733–744. https://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2531602.2531671Google Scholar
Krebs, V. (2000), “InFlow Survey”, available at: https://web.archive.org/web/20070418102219/; http://www.orgnet.com/INSNA/survey.html (accessed 4 April 2017).Google Scholar
Kress, G.L. and Schar, M. (2012), “Teamology - The Art and Science of Design Team Formation”, in Plattner, H., Meinel, C. and Leifer, L. (Eds.), Design Thinking Research: Studying Co-Creation in Practice, Springer, pp. 189–209. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21643-5_11Google Scholar
Maier, A.M., Kreimeyer, M., Hepperle, C., Eckert, C.M., Lindemann, U. and Clarkson, P.J. (2008), “Exploration of Correlations between Factors Influencing Communication in Complex Product Development”, Concurrent Engineering, Vol. 16 No. 1, pp. 37–59. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1063293X07084638Google Scholar
Martins, J.R.R.A. and Lambe, A.B. (2013), “Multidisciplinary Design Optimization: A Survey of Architectures”, AIAA Journal, Vol. 51 No. 9, pp. 2049–2075. https://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.J051895Google Scholar
Newman, M.E.J. (2018), Networks: An Introduction, 2nd ed., Oxford University Press, New York, NY.Google Scholar
Novoselich, B.J. and Knight, D.B. (2018), “Shared Leadership in Capstone Design Teams: Social Network Analysis”, Journal of Professional Issues in Engineering Education and Practice, Vol. 144 No. 4, p. 04018006. https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EI.1943-5541.0000376Google Scholar
Papalambros, P.Y. (2015), “Design Science in Design Education”, XI Mudd Design Workshop on Design Thinking in Design Education, Claremont, CA.Google Scholar
Papalambros, P.Y. and Wilde, D.J. (2017), Principles of Optimal Design: Modeling and Computation, 3rd ed., Cambridge University Press. https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781316451038Google Scholar
Salton, G. and McGill, M.J. (1986), Introduction to Modern Information Retrieval, McGraw-Hill, Inc., New York, NY, USA.Google Scholar
Developers Scikit-Learn. (2018). “TfidfVectorizer”, available at: https://scikit-learn.org/stable/modules/generated/sklearn.feature_extraction.text.TfidfVectorizer.html (accessed April 2018).Google Scholar
Senior, B. (1997), “Team roles and team performance: Is there ‘really’ a link?”, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, Vol. 70 No. 3, pp. 241–258. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1997.tb00646.xGoogle Scholar
Sheard, S.A. (1996), “Twelve systems engineering roles”, INCOSE International Symposium, Vol. 6, pp. 478–485. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2334-5837.1996.tb02042.xGoogle Scholar
Smith, R.P. and Leong, A. (1998), “An Observational Study of Design Team Process: A Comparison of Student and Professional Engineers”, Journal of Mechanical Design, Vol. 120 No. 4, p. 636. https://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2829326.Google Scholar
Sonnenwald, D.H. (1996), “Communication roles that support collaboration during the design process”, Design Studies, Vol. 17 No. 3, pp. 277–301. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0142-694X(96)00002-6Google Scholar
Stewart, G.L., Fulmer, I.S. and Barrick, M.R. (2005), “An Exploration of Member Roles as a Multilevel Linking Mechanism for Individual Traits and Team Outcomes”, Personnel Psychology, Vol. 58 No. 2, pp. 343–365. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2005.00480.xGoogle Scholar
Thorndike, R.L. (1953), “Who belongs in the family?”, Psychometrika, Vol. 18 No. 4, pp. 267–276. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02289263Google Scholar
Watts, D.J. and Strogatz, S.H. (1998), “Collective dynamics of ‘small-world’ networks”, Nature, Vol. 393, pp. 440–442. https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/30918Google Scholar