Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-g7gxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-20T03:26:15.827Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Very Massive Stars in the local Universe

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 March 2015

Jorick S. Vink ,
Alexander Heger ,
Mark R. Krumholz ,
Joachim Puls ,
S. Banerjee ,
N. Castro ,
K.-J. Chen ,
A.-N. Chenè ,
P. A. Crowther  and
A. Daminelli
...Show all authors
Jorick S. Vink
Affiliation:
Armagh Observatory, College Hill, BT61 9DG, Armaghm Northern Ireland, UK email: [email protected]
Alexander Heger
Affiliation:
Monash Centre for Astrophysics School of Mathematical Sciences, Building 28, M401 Monash University, Vic 3800, Australia
Mark R. Krumholz
Affiliation:
Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
Joachim Puls
Affiliation:
Universitäts-Sternwarte, Scheinerstrasse 1, 81679, Munchen, Germany
S. Banerjee
Affiliation:
Argelander-Institut für Astronomie, Auf dem Hügel 71, D-53121, Bonn, Germany
N. Castro
Affiliation:
Institute of Astronomy & Astrophysics, National Observatory of Athens, I. Metaxa & Vas. Pavlou St. P. Penteli, 15236 Athens, Greece
K.-J. Chen
Affiliation:
Minnesota Institute for Astrophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
A.-N. Chenè
Affiliation:
Departamento de Física y Astronomía, Universidad de Valparaíso, Av. Gran Bretaña 1111, Playa Ancha, Casilla 5030, Chile Departamento de Astronomía, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Chile
P. A. Crowther
Affiliation:
Dept. of Physics & Astronomy, Hounsfield Road, University of Sheffield, S3 7RH, UK
A. Daminelli
Affiliation:
Departamento de Astronomia do IAG-USP, R. do Matao 1226, 05508-090 Sao Paulo, Brazil
G. Gräfener
Affiliation:
Armagh Observatory, College Hill, BT61 9DG, Armaghm Northern Ireland, UK email: [email protected]
J. H. Groh
Affiliation:
Geneva Observatory, Geneva University, Chemin des Maillettes 51, CH-1290 Sauverny, Switzerland
W.-R. Hamann
Affiliation:
Institute for Physics and Astronomy, University Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
S. Heap
Affiliation:
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
A. Herrero
Affiliation:
Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias and Universidad de La Laguna, E-38200 La Laguna, Spain
L. Kaper
Affiliation:
Astronomical Institute ‘Anton Pannekoek’, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, PO Box 94249, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
F. Najarro
Affiliation:
Departamento de Astrofsica, Centro de Astrobiologia, (CSIC-INTA), Ctra. Torrejn a Ajalvir, km 4, 28850 Torrejon de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain
L. M. Oskinova
Affiliation:
Institute for Physics and Astronomy, University Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
A. Roman-Lopes
Affiliation:
Physics Department - Universidad de La Serena - Av. Cisternas, 1200 - La Serena - Chile
A. Rosen
Affiliation:
Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
A. Sander
Affiliation:
Institute for Physics and Astronomy, University Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
M. Shirazi
Affiliation:
Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
Y. Sugawara
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science & Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo, Tokyo112-8551
F. Tramper
Affiliation:
Astronomical Institute ‘Anton Pannekoek’, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, PO Box 94249, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
D. Vanbeveren
Affiliation:
Astrophysical Institute, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
R. Voss
Affiliation:
Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, PO Box 9010, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, the Netherlands
A. Wofford
Affiliation:
Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
Y. Zhang
Affiliation:
Department of Astronomy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Recent studies have claimed the existence of very massive stars (VMS) up to 300 M⊙ in the local Universe. As this finding may represent a paradigm shift for the canonical stellar upper-mass limit of 150 M⊙, it is timely to discuss the status of the data, as well as the far-reaching implications of such objects. We held a Joint Discussion at the General Assembly in Beijing to discuss (i) the determination of the current masses of the most massive stars, (ii) the formation of VMS, (iii) their mass loss, and (iv) their evolution and final fate. The prime aim was to reach broad consensus between observers and theorists on how to identify and quantify the dominant physical processes.

Keywords

Stars: massive starsStars: mass-lossStars: stellar evolution
Type
Contributed Papers
Information
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union , Volume 10 , Highlights H16: Highlights of Astronomy , August 2012 , pp. 51 - 79
Copyright
Copyright © International Astronomical Union 2015 

References

Aarseth, S. J. 2003, Gravitational N-Body Simulations, by Aarseth, Sverre J., pp. 430, ISBN 0521432723, Cambridge University PressGoogle Scholar
Abbott, D. C. & Lucy, L. B. 1985, ApJ, 288, 679Google Scholar
Abel, T., Bryan, G. L., & Norman, M. L. 2002, Science, 295, 93Google Scholar
Andersen, M., Zinnecker, H., Moneti, A., et al. 2009, ApJ, 707, 1347Google Scholar
Barniske, A., Oskinova, L. M., & Hamann, W.-R. 2008, A&A, 486, 971Google Scholar
Banerjee, S., Kroupa, P., & Oh, S., 2012a, MNRAS, 426, 1416Google Scholar
Banerjee, S., Kroupa, P., & Oh, S., 2012b, ApJ, 746, 15Google Scholar
Bate, M. R. 2012, MNRAS, 419, 3115CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baumgardt, H. & Klessen, R. S. 2011, MNRAS, 413, 1810Google Scholar
Belkus, H., Van Bever, J., & Vanbeveren, D. 2007, ApJ, 659, 1576CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bestenlehner, J. M., Vink, J. S., Gräfener, G., et al. 2011, A&A, 530, L14Google Scholar
Beuther, H., Sridharan, T. K., & Saito, M. 2005, ApJ, 634, L185Google Scholar
Blandford, R. D. & Payne, D. G. 1982, MNRAS, 199, 883Google Scholar
Bonanos, A. Z., Stanek, K. Z., Udalski, A., et al. 2004, ApJ, 611, L33Google Scholar
Bonanos, A. Z., Stanek, K. Z., Kudritzki, R. P., et al. 2006, ApJ, 652, 313CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bonnell, I. A., Bate, M. R., & Zinnecker, H. 1998, MNRAS, 298, 93Google Scholar
Bontemps, S., Motte, F., Csengeri, T., & Schneider, N. 2010, A&A, 524, A18Google Scholar
Bresolin, F., Urbaneja, M. A., Gieren, W., Pietrzynski, G., & Kudritzki, R.-P. 2007, ApJ 671, 2028CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bromm, V., Coppi, P. S., & Larson, R. B. 1999, ApJ, 527, L5Google Scholar
Brott, I., de Mink, S. E., Cantiello, M., et al. 2011, A&A 530 A115+Google Scholar
Brown, A. 2001, Astronomische Nachrichten, 322, 433.0.CO;2-R>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Campbell, M. A., Evans, C. J., Mackey, A. D., et al. 2010, MNRAS, 405, 421Google Scholar
Cassinelli, J. P., Mathis, J. S., & Savage, B. D. 1981, Science, 212, 1497CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Castor, J. I., Abbott, D. C., & Klein, R. I. 1975, ApJ, 195, 157Google Scholar
Castro, N., Urbaneja, M. A., Herrero, A., et al. 2012, A&A, 542, A79Google Scholar
Chandar, R., Leitherer, C., & Tremonti, C. A. 2004, ApJ, 604, 153CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chatzopoulos, E. & Wheeler, J. C. 2012, ApJ, 760, 154CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chené, A.-N., Moffat, A. F. J., & Crowther, P. A., 2008, cihw.conf, 163Google Scholar
Clarkson, W. I., Ghez, A. M., Morris, M. R., et al. 2012, ApJ, 751, 132Google Scholar
Cooke, J., Sullivan, M., Gal-Yam, A., et al. 2012, Nature, 491, 228CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cucchiara, A., Cenko, S. B., Bloom, J. S., et al. 2011, ApJ, 743, 154CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Commerçon, B., Teyssier, R., Audit, E., Hennebelle, P., & Chabrier, G. 2011, A&A, 529, A35Google Scholar
Crowther, P. A., Schnurr, O., Hirschi, R., et al. 2010, MNRAS, 408, 731Google Scholar
Cunningham, A. J., Klein, R. I., Krumholz, M. R., & McKee, C. F. 2011, ApJ, 740, 107CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eldridge, J. J., Izzard, R. G., & Tout, C. A. 2008, MNRAS, 384, 1109Google Scholar
Ellerbroek, L. E., Kaper, L., Bik, A., et al. 2011, ApJ, 732, L9Google Scholar
Erb, D. K., Pettini, M., Shapley, A. E., et al. 2010, ApJ, 719, 1168Google Scholar
Evans, C. J., Taylor, W. D., Hénault-Brunet, V., et al. 2011, A&A, 530, A108Google Scholar
Figer, D. F. 2005, Nature, 434, 192Google Scholar
Fryer, C. L., Woosley, S. E., & Heger, A. 2001, ApJ, 550, 372Google Scholar
Fujii, M. S. & Portegies Zwart, S. 2012, arXiv:1210.3732Google Scholar
Fullerton, A. W., Massa, D. L., & Prinja, R. K. 2006, ApJ, 637, 1025Google Scholar
Gal-Yam, A., Leonard, D. C., Fox, D. B., et al. 2007, ApJ, 656, 372Google Scholar
Gal-Yam, A., Mazzali, P., Ofek, E. O., et al. 2009, Nature, 462, 624CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garcia, M., Herrero, A., Vicente, B., Castro, N., Corral, L. J., Rosenberg, A., & Monelli, M. 2009, A&A 502, 1015Google Scholar
Georgy, C., Ekström, S., Meynet, G., et al. 2012, A&A, 542, A29Google Scholar
Glatzel, W., Kiriakidis, M., Chernigovskij, S., & Fricke, K. J. 1999, MNRAS, 303, 116Google Scholar
Glebbeek, E., Gaburov, E., de Mink, S. E., Pols, O. R., & Portegies Zwart, S. F. 2009, A&A, 497, 255Google Scholar
Gräfener, G. & Hamann, W.-R. 2005, A&A, 432, 633Google Scholar
Gräfener, G. & Hamann, W.-R. 2008, A&A, 482, 945Google Scholar
Gräfener, G., Vink, J. S., de Koter, A., & Langer, N. 2011, A&A, 535, A56Google Scholar
Gräfener, G., Owocki, S. P., & Vink, J. S. 2012, A&A, 538, A40Google Scholar
Groh, J. H. & Vink, J. S. 2011, A&A, 531, L10Google Scholar
Groh, J. H., Hillier, D. J., Damineli, A., et al. 2009, ApJ, 698, 1698CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gürkan, M. A., Freitag, M., & Rasio, F. A. 2004, ApJ, 604, 632Google Scholar
Hamann, W.-R., Gräfener, G., & Liermann, A. 2006, A&A, 457, 1015Google Scholar
Heger, A. 2012, in Astrophysics and Space Science Library, Vol. 384, Astrophysics and Space Science Library, ed. Davidson, K. & Humphreys, R. M., 299CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hennebelle, P., Commerçon, B., Joos, M., et al. 2011, A&A, 528, A72Google Scholar
Herrero, A., Garcia, M., Uytterhoeven, K., et al. 2011, IAU Symposium, 272, 292Google Scholar
Herrero, A., Garcia, M., Puls, J., Uytterhoeven, K., Najarro, F., Lennon, D. J., & Rivero-Gonzlez, J. G. 2012, A&A 543, A85Google Scholar
Hillier, D. J. & Miller, D. L. 1998, ApJ, 496, 407CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoffmeister, V. H., Chini, R., Scheyda, C. M., et al. 2008, ApJ, 686, 310CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hosokawa, T., Yorke, H. W., & Omukai, K. 2010, ApJ, 721, 478Google Scholar
Humphreys, R. M. & Davidson, K. 1994, PASP 106, 1025Google Scholar
Ishii, M., Ueno, M., & Kato, M. 1999, PASJ 51, 417CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ivanova, N., Justham, S., Chen, X., et al. 2012, arXiv:1209.4302Google Scholar
Jacquet, E. & Krumholz, M. R. 2011, ApJ, 730, 116Google Scholar
Jijina, J. & Adams, F. C. 1996, ApJ, 462, 874Google Scholar
Koen, C. 2006, MNRAS, 365, 590Google Scholar
Kotak, R. & Vink, J. S. 2006, A&A, 460, L5Google Scholar
Kratter, K. M. & Matzner, C. D. 2006, MNRAS, 373, 1563Google Scholar
Kratter, K. M., Matzner, C. D., & Krumholz, M. R. 2008, ApJ, 681, 375CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kratter, K. M., Matzner, C. D., Krumholz, M. R., & Klein, R. I. 2010, ApJ, 708, 1585Google Scholar
Krumholz, M. R. 2006, ApJ, 641, L45CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krumholz, M. R., Klein, R. I., & McKee, C. F. 2007, ApJ, 656, 959Google Scholar
Krumholz, M. R., Klein, R. I., & McKee, C. F. 2012, ApJ, 754, 71Google Scholar
Krumholz, M. R., Klein, R. I., McKee, C. F., Offner, S. S. R., & Cunningham, A. J. 2009, Science, 323, 754Google Scholar
Krumholz, M. R. & McKee, C. F. 2008, Nature, 451, 1082CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krumholz, M. R., McKee, C. F., & Klein, R. I. 2005, ApJ, 618, L33CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kuiper, R., Klahr, H., Beuther, H., & Henning, T. 2010, ApJ, 722, 1556CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kuiper, R., Klahr, H., Beuther, H., & Henning, T. 2011, ApJ, 732, 20Google Scholar
Lamers, H. J. G. L. M. & Cassinelli, J. P. 1999, Introduction to Stellar Winds, by Lamers, Henny J. G. L. M. and Cassinelli, Joseph P., pp. 452. ISBN 0521593980. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, June 1999Google Scholar
Langer, N., Norman, C. A., de Koter, A., et al. 2007, A&A, 475, L19Google Scholar
Lucy, L. B. & White, R. L. 1980, ApJ, 241, 300Google Scholar
Lucy, L. B. & Abbott, D. C. 1993, ApJ, 405, 738Google Scholar
Mauerhan, J. C., Smith, N., Filippenko, A., et al. 2012, arXiv:1209.6320Google Scholar
Massey, P., 2011, ASPC 440, 29Google Scholar
Massey, P., Zangari, A. M., Morrell, N. I., Puls, J., DeGioia-Eastwood, K., Bresolin, F., & Kudritzki, R.-P. 2009, ApJ 692, 618Google Scholar
McKee, C. F. & Tan, J. C. 2003, ApJ, 585, 850Google Scholar
de Mink, S. E., Langer, N., & Izzard, R. G. 2011, Bulletin de la Societe Royale des Sciences de Liege, 80, 543Google Scholar
Moeckel, N. & Clarke, C. J. 2011, MNRAS, 410, 2799Google Scholar
Mokiem, M. R., de Koter, A., Vink, J. S., Puls, J., Evans, C. J., Smartt, S. J., Crowther, P. A., Herrero, A., Langer, N., Lennon, D. J., Najarro, F., & Villamariz, M. R. 2007, A&A 473, 603Google Scholar
Mokiem, M. R., de Koter, A., Evans, C. J., et al. 2007, A&A, 465, 1003Google Scholar
Muijres, L. E., Vink, J. S., de Koter, A., Müller, P. E., & Langer, N. 2012, A&A, 537, A37Google Scholar
Müller, P. E. & Vink, J. S. 2008, A&A, 492, 493Google Scholar
Myers, A. T., Cunningham, A. J., Klein, R. I., Krumholz, M. R., & McKee, C. F. 2012, ApJ, in preparationGoogle Scholar
Nakano, T., Hasegawa, T., & Norman, C. 1995, ApJ, 450, 183CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nazé, Y. 2009, A&A, 506, 1055Google Scholar
Nomoto, K. 2012, IAU Symposium, 279, 1Google Scholar
Nugis, T. & Lamers, H. J. G. L. M. 2002, A&A, 389, 162Google Scholar
Ochsendorf, B. B., Ellerbroek, L. E., Chini, R., et al. 2011, A&A, 536, L1Google Scholar
Oey, M. S. & Clarke, C. J. 2005, ApJL, 620, L43Google Scholar
Oskinova, L. M. 2005, MNRAS, 361, 679Google Scholar
Oskinova, L. M., Hamann, W.-R., & Feldmeier, A. 2007, A&A, 476, 1331Google Scholar
Owocki, S. P. & Gayley, K. G. 1997, in Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, Vol. 120, Luminous Blue Variables: Massive Stars in Transition, ed. A. Nota & H. Lamers, 121Google Scholar
Owocki, S. P., Castor, J. I., & Rybicki, G. B. 1988, ApJ, 335, 914Google Scholar
Owocki, S. P., Gayley, K. G., & Shaviv, N. J. 2004, ApJ, 616, 525CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pauldrach, A. W. A., Vanbeveren, D., & Hoffmann, T. L. 2012, A&A, 538, A75Google Scholar
Petrovic, J., Pols, O., & Langer, N. 2006, A&A, 450, 219Google Scholar
Pittard, J. M. & Stevens, I. R. 2002, A&A, 388, L20Google Scholar
Portegies Zwart, S. F., Makino, J., McMillan, S. L. W., & Hut, P. 1999, A&A, 348, 117Google Scholar
Puls, J., Urbaneja, M. A., Venero, R., et al. 2005, A&A, 435, 669Google Scholar
Puls, J., Vink, J. S., & Najarro, F. 2008, A&ARv 16, 209Google Scholar
Quimby, R. M., Kulkarni, S. R., Kasliwal, M. M., et al. 2011, Nature, 474, 487Google Scholar
Rauw, G., De Becker, M., Nazé, Y., et al. 2004, A&A, 420, L9Google Scholar
Rosen, A. L., Krumholz, M. R., & Ramirez-Ruiz, E. 2012, ApJ, 748, 97Google Scholar
Rosolowsky, E. & Simon, J. D. 2008, ApJ, 675, 1213Google Scholar
Sana, H., de Koter, A., de Mink, S. E., et al. 2012, arXiv:1209.4638Google Scholar
Sander, A., Hamann, W.-R., & Todt, H. 2012, A&A, 540, A144Google Scholar
Schaller, G., Schaerer, D., Meynet, G., & Maeder, A. 1992, A&AS, 96, 269Google Scholar
Schnurr, O., Moffat, A. F. J., St-Louis, N., Morrell, N. I., & Guerrero, M. A. 2008, MNRAS, 389, 806Google Scholar
Schnurr, O., Moffat, A. F. J., Villar-Sbaffi, A., St-Louis, N., & Morrell, N. I. 2009, MNRAS, 395, 823Google Scholar
Shaviv, N. J. 2000, ApJ, 532, L137CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shaviv, N. J. 2001a, ApJ, 549, 1093Google Scholar
Shaviv, N. J. 2001b, MNRAS, 326, 126CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smartt, S. J., Eldridge, J. J., Crockett, R. M., & Maund, J. R. 2009, MNRAS, 395, 1409Google Scholar
Springmann, U. 1997, PhD thesis, Thesis, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, (1997)Google Scholar
Sundqvist, J. O., Puls, J., & Feldmeier, A. 2010, A&A, 510, A11Google Scholar
Tramper, F., Sana, H., de Koter, A., & Kaper, L. 2011, ApJ Letters 741, L8Google Scholar
Trundle, C., Dufton, P. L., Hunter, I., Evans, C. J., Lennon, D. J., Smartt, S. J., & Ryans, R. S. I. 2007, A&A 471, 625Google Scholar
Vanbeveren, D., De Donder, E., van Bever, J., van Rensbergen, W., & De Loore, C. 1998, New Astronomy 3, 443Google Scholar
Vink, J. S. 2009, arXiv:0905.3338Google Scholar
Vink, J. S. & Gräfener, G. 2012, ApJ, 751, L34Google Scholar
Vink, J. S., de Koter, A., & Lamers, H. J. G. L. M. 2000, A&A, 362, 295Google Scholar
Vink, J. S., de Koter, A., & Lamers, H. J. G. L. M. 2001, A&A, 369, 574Google Scholar
Vink, J. S., Muijres, L. E., Anthonisse, B., et al. 2011, A&A, 531, A132Google Scholar
Voss, R., Diehl, R., Hartmann, D. H., et al. 2009, A&A, 504, 531Google Scholar
Voss, R., Diehl, R., Vink, J. S., & Hartmann, D. H. 2010, A&A, 520, A51Google Scholar
Voss, R., Martin, P., Diehl, R., et al. 2012, A&A, 539, A66Google Scholar
Weidner, C. & Kroupa, P. 2004, MNRAS, 348, 187Google Scholar
Whitney, B. A., Wood, K., Bjorkman, J. E., & Wolff, M. J. 2003, ApJ, 591, 1049Google Scholar
Wolfire, M. G. & Cassinelli, J. P. 1987, ApJ, 319, 850CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Woosley, S. E. & Heger, A. 2012, ApJ, 752, 32Google Scholar
Woosley, S. E., Heger, A., & Weaver, T. A. 2002, Reviews of Modern Physics, 74, 1015Google Scholar
Woosley, S. E., Blinnikov, S., & Heger, A. 2007, Nature, 450, 390Google Scholar
Wright, A. E. & Barlow, M. J. 1975, MNRAS, 170, 41Google Scholar
Yoon, S.-C., Dierks, A., & Langer, N. 2012, A&A, 542, A113Google Scholar
Yoon, S.-C., Langer, N., & Norman, C. 2006, A&A, 460, 199Google Scholar
Yoon, S.-C., Gräfener, G., Vink, J. S., Kozyreva, A., & Izzard, R. G. 2012, A&A, 544, L11Google Scholar
Yorke, H. W. & Kruegel, E. 1977, A&A, 54, 183Google Scholar
Yorke, H. W. & Sonnhalter, C. 2002, ApJ, 569, 846Google Scholar
Yoshida, T. & Umeda, H. 2011, MNRAS, 412, L78Google Scholar
Yungelson, L. R., van den Heuvel, E. P. J., Vink, J. S., Portegies Zwart, S. F., & de Koter, A. 2008, A&A, 477, 223Google Scholar
Zhang, Y. & Tan, J. C. 2011, ApJ, 733, 55Google Scholar