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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 01 August 2006
I discuss current observational constraints on the star-formation and stellar-assembly histories of galaxies at high redshifts. The data on massive galaxies at z < 1 implies that their stellar populations formed at z>2, and that their morphological configuration was in place soon thereafter. Spitzer Space Telescope 24 μ observations indicate that a substantial fraction of massive galaxies at z ~ 1.5–3 have high IR luminosities, suggesting they are rapidly forming stars, accreting material onto supermassive black holes, or both. I compare how observations of these IR–active phases in the histories of massive galaxies constrain current galaxy–formation models.