Published online by Cambridge University Press: 01 August 2006
Simulating disk galaxies within the current paradigm of galaxy formation has been a long standing problem. In comparison with observations, the simulated disks were too small and too centrally concentrated, due to a large loss of angular momentum during formation. This is known as the angular momentum catastrophe (Navarro & Benz (1991)). Recently, some progress has been made in reducing this effect by changing the cosmology, including various feedback mechanisms, improving numerical resolution and carefully selecting initial conditions with a quiet merging history after z≈2. Unfortunately, it remains unclear which of these effects, or which combination, has resulted in more realistic disk formation. In order to address this problem, we conduct a systematical study using the N-body code GADGET2 (Springel (2005)). We adopt a flat ΛCDM cosmology with Ωm=0.3, ΩΛ=0.7, Ωbar=0.04 and h=0.65. Using a softening of 0.5 kpc we find disks with a very compact unresolved gas clump in the center and a thin, extended disk (R≈10kpc) of very low mass around it.