Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-ndw9j Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-05T01:09:35.789Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Planetary nebulae as kinematic tracers of galaxy halos

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 May 2017

Lodovico Coccato
Affiliation:
European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 2, 85748 Garching b. München, Germany email: [email protected]
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The kinematics and dynamical properties of galaxy stellar halos are difficult to measure, given the faint surface brightness that characterizes these regions. Gas-rich systems such as spiral galaxies can be probed using the radio Hi emission. Early-type galaxies contain less gas, therefore alternative kinematic tracers need to be used. Planetary Nebulae (PNe) can be easily detected far out in the halo thanks to their bright [Oiii] emission at 5007 Å. It is therefore possible to map the halo kinematics also in early-type galaxies, typically out to 5 effective radii or beyond. Thanks to the recent spectroscopic surveys targeting extra-galactic PNe, we can now rely on few tens of galaxies where the kinematics of the stellar halos are measured. I will discuss the most important results: (a) the relation of the stellar surface brightness and the PNe number density; (b) the velocity and velocity dispersion two-dimensional fields; (c) the radial profiles of angular momentum; and (d) the relation between the derived kinematics physical properties of the host galaxies.

Type
Contributed Papers
Copyright
Copyright © International Astronomical Union 2017 

References

Coccato, L., Arnaboldi, M., & Gerhard, O. 2013, MNRAS, 436, 1322 Google Scholar
Coccato, L., Gerhard, O., Arnaboldi, M., et al. 2009, MNRAS, 394, 1249 Google Scholar
Cortesi, A., Merrifield, M. R., Arnaboldi, M., et al. 2011, MNRAS, 414, 642 Google Scholar
Cortesi, A., Merrifield, M. R., Coccato, L., et al. 2013, MNRAS, 432, 1010 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
de Lorenzi, F., Gerhard, O., Coccato, L., et al. 2009, MNRAS, 395, 76 Google Scholar
Douglas, N. G., Arnaboldi, M., Freeman, K. C., et al. 2002, PASP, 114, 1234 Google Scholar
Emsellem, E., Cappellari, M., Krajnović, D., et al. 2007, MNRAS, 379, 401 Google Scholar
Fang, X., Zhang, Y., García-Benito, R., Liu, X.-W., & Yuan, H.-B. 2013, ApJ, 774, 138 Google Scholar
Foster, C., Lux, H., Romanowsky, A. J., et al. 2014, MNRAS, 442, 3544 Google Scholar
Herrmann, K. A. & Ciardullo, R. 2009, ApJ, 705, 1686 Google Scholar
Herrmann, K. A., Ciardullo, R., & Sigurdsson, S. 2009, ApJL, 693, L19 Google Scholar
Longobardi, A., Arnaboldi, M., Gerhard, O., & Hanuschik, R. 2015a, A&A, 579, A135 Google Scholar
Longobardi, A., Arnaboldi, M., Gerhard, O., & Mihos, J. C. 2015b, A&A, 579, L3 Google Scholar
McNeil, E. K., Arnaboldi, M., Freeman, K. C., et al. 2010, A&A, 518, A44 Google Scholar
Méndez, R. H., Teodorescu, A. M., Kudritzki, R.-P., & Burkert, A. 2009, ApJ, 691, 228 Google Scholar
Merrett, H. R., Merrifield, M. R., Douglas, N. G., et al. 2006, MNRAS, 369, 120 Google Scholar
Morganti, L., Gerhard, O., Coccato, L., Martinez-Valpuesta, I., & Arnaboldi, M. 2013, MNRAS, 431, 3570 Google Scholar
Naab, T., Oser, L., Emsellem, E., et al. 2014, MNRAS, 444, 3357 Google Scholar
Nolthenius, R. & Ford, H. C. 1987, ApJ, 317, 62 Google Scholar
Peng, E. W., Ford, H. C., & Freeman, K. C. 2004, ApJ, 602, 685 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pinkney, J., Gebhardt, K., Bender, R., et al. 2003, ApJ, 596, 903 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Romanowsky, A. J., Douglas, N. G., Arnaboldi, M., et al. 2003, Science, 301, 1696 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Röttgers, B., Naab, T., & Oser, L. 2014, MNRAS, 445, 1065 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rubin, V. C., Thonnard, N., & Ford, W. K. Jr. 1978, ApJL, 225, L107 Google Scholar
Ventimiglia, G., Arnaboldi, M., & Gerhard, O. 2011, A&A, 528, A24 Google Scholar
Ventimiglia, G., Gerhard, O., Arnaboldi, M., & Coccato, L. 2010, A&A, 520, L9 Google Scholar
Wu, X., Gerhard, O., Naab, T., et al. 2014, MNRAS, 438, 2701 Google Scholar