Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-lnqnp Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T15:43:13.597Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Introducing the ASSESS project: Episodic Mass Loss in Evolved Massive Stars - Key to Understanding the Explosive Early Universe

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 August 2024

A. Z. Bonanos Open the ORCID record for A. Z. Bonanos [Opens in a new window] ,
G. Maravelias Open the ORCID record for G. Maravelias [Opens in a new window] ,
M. Yang ,
F. Tramper Open the ORCID record for F. Tramper [Opens in a new window] ,
S. de Wit Open the ORCID record for S. de Wit [Opens in a new window] ,
M. Zapartas Open the ORCID record for M. Zapartas [Opens in a new window] ,
K. Antoniadis ,
E. Christodoulou  and
G. Munoz-Sanchez Open the ORCID record for G. Munoz-Sanchez [Opens in a new window]
A. Z. Bonanos*
Affiliation:
IASSARS, National Observatory of Athens, Athens, Greece
G. Maravelias
Affiliation:
IASSARS, National Observatory of Athens, Athens, Greece Institute of Astrophysics, FORTH, Heraklion, Greece
M. Yang
Affiliation:
IASSARS, National Observatory of Athens, Athens, Greece Key Laboratory of Space Astronomy and Technology, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
F. Tramper
Affiliation:
Institute of Astronomy, KU Leuven, Belgium
S. de Wit
Affiliation:
IASSARS, National Observatory of Athens, Athens, Greece National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
M. Zapartas
Affiliation:
IASSARS, National Observatory of Athens, Athens, Greece
K. Antoniadis
Affiliation:
IASSARS, National Observatory of Athens, Athens, Greece National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
E. Christodoulou
Affiliation:
IASSARS, National Observatory of Athens, Athens, Greece National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
G. Munoz-Sanchez
Affiliation:
IASSARS, National Observatory of Athens, Athens, Greece National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
*
email: [email protected]
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Episodic mass loss is not understood theoretically, neither accounted for in state-of-the-art models of stellar evolution, which has far-reaching consequences for many areas of astronomy. We introduce the ERC-funded ASSESS project (2018-2024), which aims to determine whether episodic mass loss is a dominant process in the evolution of the most massive stars, by conducting the first extensive, multi-wavelength survey of evolved massive stars in the nearby Universe. It hinges on the fact that mass-losing stars form dust and are bright in the mid-infrared. We aim to derive physical parameters of ∼1000 dusty, evolved massive stars in ∼25 nearby galaxies and estimate the amount of ejected mass, which will constrain evolutionary models, and quantify the duration and frequency of episodic mass loss as a function of metallicity. The approach involves applying machine-learning algorithms to select dusty, luminous targets from existing multi-band photometry of nearby galaxies. We present the first results of the project, including the machine-learning methodology for target selection and results from our spectroscopic observations so far. The emerging trend for the ubiquity of episodic mass loss, if confirmed, will be key to understanding the explosive early Universe and will have profound consequences for low-metallicity stars, reionization, and the chemical evolution of galaxies.

Keywords

Stars: massiveStars: mass lossStars: evolutionStars: fundamental parametersSupergiantsSurveys
Type
Contributed Paper
Information
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union , Volume 18 , Symposium S361: Massive Stars Near and Far , May 2022 , pp. 447 - 453
Check for updates
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of International Astronomical Union

References

Banerjee, S., Kroupa, P., & Oh, S. 2012, MNRAS, 426, 1416 Google Scholar
Bonanos, A. Z., Lennon, D. J., Köhlinger, F., et al. 2010, AJ, 140, 416 Google Scholar
Bonanos, A. Z., Massa, D. L., Sewilo, M., et al. 2009, AJ, 138, 1003 Google Scholar
Bond, H. E., Bedin, L. R., Bonanos, A. Z., et al. 2009, ApJL, 695, L154 Google Scholar
Bouret, J. C., Lanz, T., & Hillier, D. J. 2005, A&A, 438, 301 Google Scholar
Boyer, M. L., McQuinn, K. B. W., Barmby, P., et al. 2015, ApJS, 216, 10 Google Scholar
Brott, I., de Mink, S. E., Cantiello, M., et al. 2011, A&A, 530, A115 Google Scholar
Chambers, K. C., Magnier, E. A., Metcalfe, N., et al. 2016, arXiv e-prints, arXiv:1612.05560Google Scholar
Cohen, D. H., Wollman, E. E., Leutenegger, M. A., et al. 2014, MNRAS, 439, 908 Google Scholar
Crowther, P. A. 2007, ARA&A, 45, 177 Google Scholar
Crowther, P. A., Schnurr, O., Hirschi, R., et al. 2010, MNRAS, 408, 731 Google Scholar
Cutri, R. M., & et al. 2012, VizieR Online Data Catalog, II/311Google Scholar
Cutri, R. M., Skrutskie, M. F., van Dyk, S., et al. 2003, 2MASS All Sky Catalog of point sources.Google Scholar
Davidson, K., & Humphreys, R. M. 1997, ARA&A, 35, 1 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
de Wit, S., Bonanos, A. Z., Tramper, F., et al. 2022 Google Scholar
Decin, L., Hony, S., de Koter, A., et al. 2006, A&A, 456, 549 Google Scholar
Ekström, S., Georgy, C., Eggenberger, P., et al. 2012, A&A, 537, A146 Google Scholar
Feast, M. W. 1992, in Instabilities in Evolved Super- and Hypergiants, ed. de Jager, C. & Nieuwenhuijzen, H., 18Google Scholar
Figer, D. F. 2005, Nature, 434, 192 Google Scholar
Fraser, M., Inserra, C., Jerkstrand, A., et al. 2013, MNRAS, 433, 1312 Google Scholar
Fullerton, A. W., Massa, D. L., & Prinja, R. K. 2006, ApJ, 637, 1025 Google Scholar
Gal-Yam, A. 2012, Science, 337, 927 Google Scholar
Georgy, C., Ekström, S., Eggenberger, P., et al. 2013, A&A, 558, A103 Google Scholar
Gordon, K. D., Meixner, M., Meade, M. R., et al. 2011, AJ, 142, 102 Google Scholar
Gvaramadze, V. V., Kniazev, A. Y., & Fabrika, S. 2010, MNRAS, 405, 1047 Google Scholar
Humphreys, R. M., & Davidson, K. 1994, PASP, 106, 1025 Google Scholar
Ivezic, Z., & Elitzur, M. 1997, MNRAS, 287, 799 Google Scholar
Khan, R. 2017, ApJS, 228, 5 Google Scholar
Khan, R., Stanek, K. Z., Kochanek, C. S., & Bonanos, A. Z. 2011, ApJ, 732, 43 Google Scholar
Khan, R., Stanek, K. Z., Kochanek, C. S., & Sonneborn, G. 2015, ApJS, 219, 42 Google Scholar
Kudritzki, R.-P., & Puls, J. 2000, ARA&A, 38, 613 Google Scholar
Maravelias, G., Bonanos, A. Z., Tramper, F., et al. 2022 a, A&A, in press, arXiv:2203.08125Google Scholar
Maravelias, G., Bonanos, A. Z., Tramper, F., et al. 2022 bGoogle Scholar
Mauerhan, J. C., Smith, N., Filippenko, A. V., et al. 2013, MNRAS, 430, 1801 Google Scholar
Meixner, M., Gordon, K. D., Indebetouw, R., et al. 2006, AJ, 132, 2268 Google Scholar
Meynet, G., Chomienne, V., Ekström, S., et al. 2015, A&A, 575, A60 Google Scholar
Munoz-Sanchez, G., Maravelias, G., Bonanos, A. Z., et al. 2022 Google Scholar
Neill, J. D., et al. 2011, ApJ, 727, 15 Google Scholar
Oey, M. S., & Clarke, C. J. 2005, ApJL, 620, L43 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Owocki, S. P., & Puls, J. 1999, ApJ, 510, 355 Google Scholar
Pastorello, A., Cappellaro, E., Inserra, C., et al. 2013, ApJ, 767, 1 Google Scholar
Prieto, J. L., Kistler, M. D., Thompson, T. A., et al. 2008, ApJL, 681, L9 Google Scholar
Ren, Y., Jiang, B., Yang, M., et al. 2021, ApJ, 923, 232 Google Scholar
Sana, H., et al. 2012, Science, 337, 444 Google Scholar
Smith, N. 2014, ARA&A, 52, 487 Google Scholar
Smith, N., & Frew, D. J. 2011, MNRAS, 415, 2009 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stoll, R., Prieto, J. L., Stanek, K. Z., et al. 2011, ApJ, 730, 34 Google Scholar
van Loon, J. T., Cioni, M. R. L., Zijlstra, A. A., & Loup, C. 2005, A&A, 438, 273 Google Scholar
Wachter, S., Mauerhan, J. C., Van Dyk, S. D., et al. 2010, AJ, 139, 2330 Google Scholar
Williams, S. J., & Bonanos, A. Z. 2016, A&A, 587, A121 Google Scholar
Yang, M., Bonanos, A. Z., Jiang, B.-W., et al. 2020, A&A, 639, A116 Google Scholar
Zhang, T., Wang, X., Wu, C., et al. 2012, AJ, 144, 131 Google Scholar
Zickgraf, F. J. 2006, in Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, Vol. 355, Stars with the B[e] Phenomenon, ed. Kraus, M. & Miroshnichenko, A. S., 135Google Scholar