Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-t5tsf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-05T11:03:06.090Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Gas Cavities inside Dust Cavities in Disks Inferred from ALMA Observations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 January 2016

Nienke van der Marel ,
Ewine F. van Dishoeck ,
Simon Bruderer ,
Paola Pinilla ,
Tim van Kempen ,
Laura Perez  and
Andrea Isella
Nienke van der Marel
Affiliation:
Leiden Observatory, Leiden, the Netherlands email: [email protected]
Ewine F. van Dishoeck
Affiliation:
Leiden Observatory, Leiden, the Netherlands email: [email protected] MPE, Garching bei Munchen, Germany
Simon Bruderer
Affiliation:
MPE, Garching bei Munchen, Germany
Paola Pinilla
Affiliation:
Leiden Observatory, Leiden, the Netherlands email: [email protected]
Tim van Kempen
Affiliation:
Leiden Observatory, Leiden, the Netherlands email: [email protected]
Laura Perez
Affiliation:
NRAO, Socorro, NM, USA
Andrea Isella
Affiliation:
Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Protoplanetary disks with cavities in their dust distribution, also named transitional disks, are expected to be in the middle of active evolution and possibly planet formation. In recent years, millimeter-dust rings observed by ALMA have been suggested to have their origin in dust traps, caused by pressure bumps. One of the ways to generate these is by the presence of planets, which lower the gas density along their orbit and create pressure bumps at the edge. We present spatially resolved ALMA Cycle 0 and Cycle 1 observations of CO and CO isotopologues of several famous transitional disks. Gas is found to be present inside the dust cavities, but at a reduced level compared with the gas surface density profile of the outer disk. The dust and gas emission are quantified using the physical-chemical modeling code DALI. In the majority of these disks we find clear evidence for a drop in gas density of at least a factor of 10 inside the cavity, whereas the dust density drops by at least a factor 1000. The CO isotopologue observations reveal that the gas cavities are significantly smaller than the dust cavities. These gas structures suggest clearing by one or more planetary-mass companions.

Keywords

planetary systems: formationplanetary systems: protoplanetary diskstechniques: interferometricmolecular dataradiative transfer
Type
Contributed Papers
Information
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union , Volume 10 , Issue S314: Young Stars & Planets Near the Sun , November 2015 , pp. 139 - 142
Copyright
Copyright © International Astronomical Union 2016 

References

Birnstiel, T., Dullemond, C. P., & Brauer, F. 2010, A&A, 513, A79Google Scholar
Bruderer, S. 2013, A&A, 559, A46Google Scholar
Clarke, C. J., Gendrin, A., & Sotomayor, M. 2001, MNRAS, 328, 485CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dullemond, C. P. & Dominik, C. 2005, A&A, 434, 971Google Scholar
Espaillat, C., Muzerolle, J., Najita, J., et al. 2014, in Protostars and Planets VI, p. 497Google Scholar
Lin, D. N. C. & Papaloizou, J. 1979, MNRAS, 188, 191Google Scholar
Pérez, L. M., Isella, A., Carpenter, J. M., & Chandler, C. J. 2014, ApJl, 783, L13Google Scholar
Pinilla, P., Benisty, M., & Birnstiel, T. 2012, A&A, 545, A81Google Scholar
Regály, Z., Juhász, A., Sándor, Z., & Dullemond, C. P. 2012, MNRAS, 419, 1701Google Scholar
van der Marel, N., van Dishoeck, E. F., Bruderer, S., et al. 2015, subm. to A&A,Google Scholar
van der Marel, N., van Dishoeck, E., Bruderer, S., Perez, L., & Isella, A. 2015, A&A, 579, 106Google Scholar
van der Marel, N., van Dishoeck, E. F., Bruderer, S., et al. 2013, Science, 340, 1199Google Scholar
Weidenschilling, S. J. 1977, MNRAS, 180, 57CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williams, J. P. & Cieza, L. A. 2011, ARA&A, 49, 67Google Scholar
Zhang, K., Isella, A., Carpenter, J. M., & Blake, G. A. 2014, ApJ, 791, 42Google Scholar