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From Hipparcos to Gaia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 April 2012

L. Eyer ,
P. Dubath ,
S. Saesen ,
D.W. Evans ,
L. Wyrzykowski ,
S. Hodgkin  and
N. Mowlavi
L. Eyer
Affiliation:
Geneva Observatory, CH-1290 Sauverny, Switzerland email: [email protected]
P. Dubath
Affiliation:
Geneva Observatory, CH-1290 Sauverny, Switzerland email: [email protected] ISDC, Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland
S. Saesen
Affiliation:
Geneva Observatory, CH-1290 Sauverny, Switzerland email: [email protected]
D.W. Evans
Affiliation:
Institute of Astronomy, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK
L. Wyrzykowski
Affiliation:
Institute of Astronomy, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK
S. Hodgkin
Affiliation:
Institute of Astronomy, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK
N. Mowlavi
Affiliation:
Geneva Observatory, CH-1290 Sauverny, Switzerland email: [email protected] ISDC, Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland
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Abstract

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The measurement of the positions, distances, motions and luminosities of stars represents the foundations of modern astronomical knowledge. Launched at the end of the eighties, the ESA Hipparcos satellite was the first space mission dedicated to such measurements. Hipparcos improved position accuracies by a factor of 100 compared to typical ground-based results and provided astrometric and photometric multi-epoch observations of 118,000 stars over the entire sky. The impact of Hipparcos on astrophysics has been extremely valuable and diverse. Building on this important European success, the ESA Gaia cornerstone mission promises an even more impressive advance. Compared to Hipparcos, it will bring a gain of a factor 50 to 100 in position accuracy and of a factor of 10,000 in star number, collecting photometric, spectrophotometric and spectroscopic data for one billion celestial objects. During its 5-year flight, Gaia will measure objects repeatedly, up to a few hundred times, providing an unprecedented database to study the variability of all types of celestial objects. Gaia will bring outstanding contributions, directly or indirectly, to most fields of research in astrophysics, such as the study of our Galaxy and of its stellar constituents, and the search for planets outside the solar system.

Keywords

space vehiclessurveysstars: variables: otherastrometrytechniques: photometrictechniques: spectroscopic
Type
Contributed Papers
Information
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union , Volume 7 , Symposium S285: New Horizons in Time-Domain Astronomy , September 2011 , pp. 153 - 157
Copyright
Copyright © International Astronomical Union 2012

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