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Effect of stellar flares and coronal mass ejections on the atmospheric escape from hot Jupiters

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 August 2023

Gopal Hazra Open the ORCID record for Gopal Hazra [Opens in a new window] ,
Aline A. Vidotto Open the ORCID record for Aline A. Vidotto [Opens in a new window] ,
Stephen Carolan ,
Carolina Villarreal D’Angelo Open the ORCID record for Carolina Villarreal D’Angelo [Opens in a new window]  and
Ward Manchester
Gopal Hazra
Affiliation:
Dept. of Astrophysics, University of Vienna, Türkenschanzstrasse 17, A-1180 Vienna, Austria
Aline A. Vidotto
Affiliation:
Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, NL-2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands
Stephen Carolan
Affiliation:
School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
Carolina Villarreal D’Angelo
Affiliation:
Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental (IATE-CONICET). Laprida 854, Córdoba, Argentina
Ward Manchester
Affiliation:
Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Abstract

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Spectral observations in the Ly-α line have shown that atmospheric escape is variable and for the exoplanet HD189733b, the atmospheric evaporation goes from undetected to enhanced evaporation in a 1.5 years interval. To understand the temporal variation in the atmospheric escape, we investigate the effect of flares, winds, and CMEs on the atmosphere of hot Jupiter HD189733b using 3D self-consistent radiation hydrodynamic simulations. We consider four cases: first, the quiescent phase including stellar wind; secondly, a flare; thirdly, a CME; and fourthly, a flare followed by a CME. We find that the flare alone increases the atmospheric escape rate by only 25%, while the CME leads to a factor of 4 increments, in comparison to the quiescent case. We also find that the flare alone cannot explain the observed high blue-shifted velocities seen in the Ly-α. The CME, however, leads to an increase in the velocity of escaping atmospheres, enhancing the blue-shifted transit depth.

Keywords

stars: activitystars: flaresstars:windoutflows
Type
Contributed Paper
Information
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union , Volume 17 , Symposium S370: Winds of Stars and Exoplanets , August 2021 , pp. 148 - 154
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of International Astronomical Union

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