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The circumstellar environments of B[e] Supergiants

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 July 2017

G. Maravelias
Affiliation:
Astronomický ústav AVČR, v.v.i., Ondřejov, Czechia, email: [email protected]
M. Kraus
Affiliation:
Astronomický ústav AVČR, v.v.i., Ondřejov, Czechia, email: [email protected] Tartu Observatory, Tõravere, Estonia
L. Cidale
Affiliation:
Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas, UNLP, La Plata, Argentina Instituto de Astrofísica de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
M. L. Arias
Affiliation:
Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas, UNLP, La Plata, Argentina Instituto de Astrofísica de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
A. Aret
Affiliation:
Astronomický ústav AVČR, v.v.i., Ondřejov, Czechia, email: [email protected] Tartu Observatory, Tõravere, Estonia
M. Borges Fernandes
Affiliation:
Observatório Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Abstract

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The evolution of massive stars encompasses short-lived transition phases in which mass-loss is more enhanced and usually eruptive. A complex environment, combining atomic, molecular and dust regions, is formed around these stars. In particular, the circumstellar environment of B[e] Supergiants is not well understood. To address that, we have initiated a campaign to investigate their environments for a sample of Galactic and Magellanic Cloud sources. Using high-resolution optical and near-infrared spectra (MPG-ESO/FEROS, GEMINI/Phoenix and VLT/CRIRES, respectively), we examine a set of emission features ([OI], [CaII], CO bandheads) to trace the physical conditions and kinematics in their formation regions. We find that the B[e] Supergiants are surrounded by a series of rings of different temperatures and densities, a probable result of previous mass-loss events. In many cases the CO forms very close to the star, while we notice also an alternate mixing of densities and temperatures (which give rise to the different emission features) along the equatorial plane.

Type
Contributed Papers
Copyright
Copyright © International Astronomical Union 2017 

References

Maravelias, , et al. 2016, arXiv:1610.00607Google Scholar
Kraus, , et al. 2016, A&A, 593, A112 Google Scholar